실크 피브로인의 간독성 해독 효과

남중희 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2000 농업생명과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

After alcohol and hydrolyzed silk fibroin(SF) were fed to alcohol preference mice for 4 weeks, biochemical measurements were carried out in either blood or the liber, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferse (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). In AM group (AM represents the group to feed alcohol without fibroin), the levels of ALT and AST in blood and TG in the liver were very high. The increase of ALT and AST means disruption of hepatocyte and the increase of TG means accumulation of lipids in the liver. Whereas in AFM and EFM groups (AFM and EFM represent the groups to feed alcohol with the low molecules of SF by acidic method and enzymatic method, respectively), the levels were similar as that of CM group (CM represents the group to feed control diet). The activities of ADH and ALDH in AFM and EFM groups were same with those of CM group. But those of AM group were increased gignificantly compared to those of other groups. This fact means that excessive production of ADH and ALDH would introduce NADH excessively and, conclusively, induce the liver injury. As a result of the microscopic measurement of liver cell, cell necrosis, lipid accumulation and hepatitis were observed in AM group. But in AFM and EFM groups, these disorders were mostly recovered. These facts show that SF can recover the alcohol induced hepatotoxicity and can be used as functional foods.

실크 피브로인의 항산화 특성

남중희 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 1999 농업생명과학연구 Vol.3 No.-

The antioxidative properties of silk fibroin fiber and film was investigated by measuring the scavenging effects on DPPH free radicals. The scavenging rate of silk fibroin fiber on DPPH free radicals was 27%. The existence of sericin on silk fibroin fiber reduced the scavenging rate on DPPH free radicals. The scavenging rate of silk fibroin film was 35% after 60 min. the antioxidative properties of silk fibroin was due to the scavenging effects on radicals rather than chelating ability with metal ions. Tyrosine and serine amino acids should be responsible for these properties of silk fibroin.

기술자료(技術資料) : 생사(生絲)의 섬도(纖度)와 연감율(練減率)이 편직물(編織物)의 규격(規格)에 미치는 영향(影響)

남중희 ( Joong Hee Nahm ) 한국잠사학회 1978 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.20 No.1

견(絹)과 Polyester합사견직물(合絲絹織物)의 염색법개선(染色法改善)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

남중희 ( Joong Hee Nahm ),장병호 ( Byong Ho Chang ) 한국잠사학회 1981 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.23 No.1

絹과 polyester複合織物의 染色方法을 改善하기 위하여 浸染法과 捺染法에 對하여 染色條件을 檢討하였다. 本 實驗結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. P/S複合織物의 染色에 있어서는 azo系의 染科가 anthraquinone系의 染科보다 適合하다. 2. Carrier의 種類에 따라서는 使用濃度가 높으면 染斑이 나타난다. 3. Methylnapthalene系의 carrier (D.N)와 陰 Ion性分散劑로 polyester織物을 染色한 경우에는 染科의 吸着度가 減少하였다. 4. Azo系의 分散染科가 非 Ion性의 carrier와 分散劑 사이에 親和性이 向上되었다. 5. 酸性染科에 의한 染科의 吸着度는 染色浴이 酸性側인 경우 增加되었고, 그 範圍는 pH 4~6이었다. 6. P/S複合織物을 捺染하는 경우에 있어서, 染科의 染着을 向上하기 위해서는 蒸熱溫度, 蒸熱時間 및 pH와의 關係를 適合하게 하여야 한다. The textile fabric contains the functions of sanitation, decoration, wearing style and washing in the practical use. Among various tetile fiber, silk has less utilities than synthetic fiber in practical use although silk has good benefits of the high quality of silk fabric. Thus no textile fiber, neither natural nor synthetic, has all the functions. In this sense, many compound fabrics have been improved to reveal various functions of fabric. However, this has been disturbed with the problem of dyeing, especially in the case of compound fabric of silk. The work is carried out to improve the dyeing method of compound fabric of polyester and silk. The results obtained are as follows: 1. In the dyeing of compound fabric(P/S fabric), azo dyes was more suitable than anthraquinone dyes. 2. According to the carrier, dyeing spot was appeared by the high concentration in bath. 3. Degree of dye fixation was decreased in dyeing of methylnaptharine carrier(D.N) and anion disperser(T.S). 4. The affinity of dye was suitable in the dyeing bath of azo dye, trichlorobenzene carrier and nonion disperser. 5. Dye fixation of silk side in compound fabric by acid dye showed higher in acid bath of dyeing. 6. In printing of silk and polyester compound fabric, it must be understood relationship among fibers, dyes, and steaming conditions.

제사업(製絲業)의 수익성(收益性) 결정요인(決定要因) 분석(分析)

남중희 ( Joong Hee Nahm ) 한국잠사학회 1980 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.22 No.1

제사업의 경영적 특성을 고려하여 경영수익성의 격차를 결정짓는 요인을 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 제사업의 경영수익성을 결정짓는 것은 매출이익률이다. 2. 매출이익률을 실현시키는 것은 생사원가구성비목 중 일반관리 판매 비이다. 3. 생사원가와 상관이 높은 비목은 제조경비이다. The purpose of this analysis is to collect the information on managerial aspects for improving the profitability of silk reeling industry in Korea. Various finacial statistics including balance sheet, profit and loss statement and manufacturing cost statement were analyzed by use of 21 randomly selected enterprise data prepared report by Korea sericultural association during 1972∼1974. The results are as follows. 1. The ratio of profit to sales is the most important factor affecting the profitability of silk reeling industry. 2. This ratio is controlled by the general management and selling cost. 3. The ratio of manufacturing expenses shows a high correlation to the production cost of raw silk.

제사과정(製絲過程) 전후(前後)에서의 견사(繭絲)세리신의 물리화학적(物理化學的) 성질변화(性質變化)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

남중희 ( Joong Hee Nahm ) 한국잠사학회 1974 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구는 fibroin을 피복하여 견섬유의 경막적 성질을 지배하는 sericin에 대한 일연의 연구를 수행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. I. Sericin Fraction의 물리화학적 특성에 관한 실험 1) 난용성 sericin은 역용성 sericin에 비하여 polar side chain을 가진 amino산(Tyr, Ser)은 적은 반면 alanine과 leucine 등의 수화성이 적은 amino산이 측정되었다. 2) 수화성의 amine산은 견사의 외층부에서, 그리고 수화성이 적은 amino산은 fibroin에 가까운 부위에 많이 존재하였다. 3) 용수에 대한 sericin의 팽윤, 용해성은 amino산 조성만으로 해석하기는 곤란하며 sericin의 결정구조나 이차구조와의 복합구조로 변화한다고 생각된다. 4) 견사의 간섭은 환상에 가까우나 정연처리로서 소멸하였다. 5) 작잠견 sericin은 가잠견 sericin과 차이가 있었는데 자오선상에 강한 환상 Ring이 많았다. 6) Mosher 법으로 분별한 A와 B fraction 사이의 amino산 조성에는 차이가 없었다. 7) Sericin I, II, III의 X-선도에 있어서는 큰 차이는 인정되지 않으나 측쇄간격에 해당 하는 Ring에서 차이가 인정되었다. 8) 분자량 150이상의 amino산(Cys, Tyr, Phe, His, Arg)은 6N-HCl, 60분의 가수분해로서 정양되지 않았다. 9) 4.6Å의 X-선 간섭은 습열과 ether 및 alcohol로 처리하므로서 소멸하는 경향이었다. 10) sericin의 가수분해물(6N-HCl)은 자오선상에 간섭 Ring(2Å)을 출현시켰다. 11) 가수분해 sericin 잔사는 어느 특정한 amino산의 peptide로 추정된다. 12) Seriein III의 분해온도는 Sericin I과 II보다 높았다. 13) 견층 부위별 sericin의 D.T.A 곡선에 있어서, 내층의 sercin은 150℃와 245℃에서 흡열 peak가 나타나고 외, 중층의 것보다 고온 측에 이동하였다. 14) IR-spectrum에 의한 sericin fraction(Sericin I, II, III, 외층, 중층 및 내층의 sercin)의 적외선흡수 결과는 일치하였다. II. 제사공정에서의 Sericin의 팽윤, 용해특성에 관한 실험 1) 3,000 R.P.M으로 침지 처리된 견층의 자유성수분은 15분간으로 탈수가 가능하고 이 경우의 원심력은 13×10(4)dyne/g이었다. 2) sericin에 대한 Folin시약의 발색에 필요한 시간은 실온에서 30분이었다. 3) 가시광선 중 측정가능파장은 500~750mμ이다. 4) 실제 비색정량의 경우 정도가 높은 측정치를 얻기 위해서는, 저농도(10μg/ml)인 때는 650mμ에서 그 이상의 농도에서는 500mμ으로 측정해야 했다. 5) sericin과 egg albumin의 파장별 흡광도곡선형은 일치하나 흡광도는 sericin이 높았다. 6) 비색분석법에 의하여 측정된 sericin의 량은 Kjeldahl 법에 비해 적은 값을 나타냈다. 7) 견층의 팽윤, 용해도에 영향하는 처리조건으로서는 온도와 시간으로서 시간보다도 온도의 효과가 컸다. 8) 팽윤, 용해도를 촉진하는 처리온도와 시간과의 관계는 저온(70℃)에서는 시간의 증가에 따라서 팽윤, 용해도는 서서히 증대하나 고온에 있어서는 단시간의 처리로 현저히 증대했다. 9) 생견의 건조온도가 높아지면 견층의 팽윤, 용해도는 반대로 감소했다. 10) 견층의 두께가 크게 되면 일정시간에 있어서의 팽윤, 용해성은 저하하였다. 11) 견층부위별 팽윤, 용해성은 외>중>내층의 순이고 품종에 따라서는 견층부위별로 차이가 있었다. 12) 견층의 납물질제거처리를 하게 되면 sericin의 팽윤, 용해성은 대조구에 비해 감소하였다. 13) 음 ion 활성제는(pH 6.0 부근) sericin의 팽윤, 용해도를 촉진시켰다. 14) 양 ion 활성제는 위와 같은 조건에서 sericin의 흡착현상을 나타내었다. 15) 경도성분(Ca, Mg)의 농도가 증가하면, 용수의 pH는 발성방향으로 이동하였다. 16) 용수중의 경 The studies were carried out to disclose the physical and chemical properties of scricin fraction obtained from silk cocoon shells and its characteristics of swelling and solubility. The following results were obtained. 1. The physical and chemical properties of scricin fraction. 1) In contrast to the easy water soluble scricin, the hard soluble scricin contains fewer amino acids include of polar side radical while the hard soluble amino acid sach as alanine and leucine were detected. 2) The easy soluble amino acids were found mainly on the outer part of the fibroin, but the hard soluble amino acids were located in the near parts to the fibroin. 3) The swelling and solubility of the sericin could be hardly assayed by the analysis of the amino acid composition, and could be considered to tee closely related to the compound of the sericin crystal and secondary structure. 4) The X-ray patterns of the cocoon filament were ring shape, but they disappeared by the degumming treatment. 5) The sericin of tussah silkworm (A. pernyi), showed stronger circular patterns in the meridian than the regular silkworm (Bombyx mori). 6) There was no pattern difference between Fraction A and B. 7) X-ray diffraction patterns of the Sericin I, II and III were similar except interference of 8.85Å (side chain spacing). 8) The amino acids above 150 in molecular weight such as Cys. Tyr. Phe. His. and Arg. were not found quantitatively by the 60 minutes-hydrolysis (6N-HCI). 9) The X-ray Pattern of 4.6Å had a tendency to disappear with hot-water, ether, and alcohol treatment. 10) The partial hydrolysis of sericin showed a cirucular interference (2Å) on the meridian. 11) The sericin pellet after hydrolysis was considered to be peptides composed with specific amino acids. 12) The decomposing temperature of Sericin III was higher than that of Sericin I and II. 13) Thermogram of the inner portioned sericin of the cocoon shell had double endothermic peaks at 165℃, and 245℃, and its decomposing temperature was higher than that of other portioned sericin. 14) The infrared spectroscopic properties among sericin I, II, III and sericin extracted from each layer portion of the cocoon shell were similar. II. The characteristics of seriein swelling and solubility related with silk processing. 1) Fifteen minutes was required to dehydrate the free moisture of cocoon shells with centrifugal force controlled at 13×10(4) dyne/g at 3,000 R.P.M. B) It took 30 minutes for the sericin to show positive reaction with the Folin-Ciocaltue reagent at room temperature. 3) The measurable wave length of the visible radiation was 500-750mμ, and the highest absorbance was observed at the wave length of 650mμ. 4) The colorimetric analysis should be conducted at 650mμ for low concentration (10μg/ml), and at 500mμ for the higher concentration to obtain an exact analysis. 5) The absorbing curves of sericin and egg albumin at different wave lengths were similar, but the absorbance of the former was slightly higher than that of the latter. 6) The quantity of the sericin measured by the colorimetric analysis, turned out to be less than by the Kjeldahl method. 7) Both temperature and duration in the cocoon cooking process has much effect on the swelling and solubility of the cocoon shells, but the temperature was more influential than the duration of the treatment. 8) The factorial relation between the temperature and the duration of treatment of the cocoon cooking to check for siricin swelling and solubility showed that the treatment duration should be gradually increased to reach optimum swelling and solubility of sericin with low temperature (70℃). High temperature, however, showed more sharp increase. 9) The more increased temperature in the drying of fresh cocoons, the less the sericin swelling and solubility were obtained. 10) In a specific cooking duration, the heavier the cocoon shell is, the less the swelling and solubility were obtained. 11) It was considered that the

Vinyl단량체(單量體)의 silk graft중합(重合)

남중희 ( Joong Hee Nahm ),마석일 ( Souck Il Mah ),이양후 ( Yang Hoo Lee ) 한국잠사학회 1977 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Graft polymerization of vinyl monomers onto silk were carried out in aqueous medium using ceric salt as an initiator, and discussed about the mechanical properties of silk. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Percent grafting is greatly enhanced by the increasing of the temperature. 2. Effect of percent grafting is in the order of methyl methacrylate, and vinyl acetate. 3. Strength is decreased in the high grafted silk, and elongation is increased in the low grafted silk.

우리나라 생사품질관리(生絲品質管理)의 통계적분석(統計的分析)

남중희 ( Joong Hee Nahm ),최병희 ( Byong Hee Choe ) 한국잠사학회 1975 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.17 No.1

우리나라 생사의 품질수준을 통계적 관리법으로 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 우리나라제사공장의 생사제조에 있어서의 품질관리법으로서는 2A격 이상의 생사를 생산할 수 없었다. 2. 생사의 품질을 향상시키기 위하여서는 사조반평균점과 대중절점을 중점적으로 관리하여야 한다. 3. 생사검사항목별로 볼 때에 재조와 신도성적은 매년 악화되어 가고 있다. 4. X-σ관리도로 볼 때 사조반열등점은 안정화되어 있으나 대중절점은 불안정한 상태로서 그의 편차의 변동범위가 컸었다. This report was aimed to examine the status of raw silk quality and to come up with means of the good quality silk production by use of the statistical quality control method. The results obtained are as follow:1) The raw silk quality of size 20/22 denier was found to be 2A grade during the last five years. 2) In order to level up the silk grade, the better quality control is required especially in the average evenness and cleanness. 3) It was found that winding brakes and elongation of silk threads have been versed gradually through the period. 4) Larger variation was observed in cleanness control chart, but low evenness have stayed with in the desirable control range.

복합견방사(復合絹紡絲) 및 그 제품개발(製品開發)에 관한 연구(硏究)

남중희 ( Joong Hee Nahm ),송기언 ( Ki Eun Song ) 한국잠사학회 1976 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.18 No.1

복합견방사 및 복합견직물을 시작하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1 정연제별 처리효과는 규산소다, 가성소다, 탄산소 및 비누의 순이다. 2. 가성소다 3% 액으로 정연할 경우는 견담백질의 과잉 용해로 진면제조가 불가하다. 3. 견의 정연효과는 처리시간보다 농도가 크다. 4. 정연제의 단독사용보다는 이중이상을 혼용하는 것이 진면품질을 향상시킬 수 있다. 5. 견수방사의 명주소리와 광택향상을 위하여서는 유기산의 혼용이 요구된다. 6. 심사에 의하여 복합수방사의 강도는 증가한다. 7. 복합수방사의 성도변동율은 8∼l2%이다. 8. 견과 데도롱직의 염색은 이욕법으로 처리하여야 한다. 9. 복합수방사 견직물의 수축율은 23%이다. 10. 복합수방사직물은 여자용 동복지로 복합생사 직물은 부라우스지로 사용 가능하다. In this study several kinds of spun silk yarn-synthetic filament compounded yarn was manufactured, and several fabrics woven from above mentioned silk compound yarn for evaluation of serviceability as clothing materials. The following results were obtained: 1. Degumming agents are in the order of sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbornate, soap and water. 2. When the concentration of sodium hydroxide is exceeded 3%, degradation of floss silk property is resulted because of excessive dissolving out of silk protein. 3. Degumming effect is much improved by concentration of degumming agent and less by its treating time. 4. Simultaneous application of more the 2 kinds of degumming agent is desirable for improvement of floss silk. 5. Application of natural organic acid brings very good results in keeping original scooping and color of the silk. 6. Load and elongation it increased by compound with synthetic filament yarn. 7. Even the evenness of compound yarn is largely dependent on the quality of floss silk and extent of degumming, the C.V.% of silk compound yarn in the experiment was 8-12%. 8. Single bath dyeing technique was impossible for their cloth, and dyeing was performed in 2 bath system separately for silk and synthetic fiber. 9. Shrinkage ratio due to the dyeing of fabric was 23% in case of polyester and spun silk fabric. 10. The final woven cloth can be applicable to (a) Blouse in care of thin cloth (compound silk fabric) (b) Korean costume for women in case of thick cloth. (compound hand spun silk fabric).

기술자료(技術資料) : Sericin 정착(定着)에 관하여

남중희 ( Joong Hee Nahm ),김신덕 ( Shin Duk Kim ) 한국잠사학회 1978 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.20 No.2