東醫寶鑑에 나타난 養生思想

정종훈,김재호 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 1998 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The main purpose of our study is to accumulate the experiences which occurred as a impromptu reflection to the physical phenomenon as a configuration of the ground, climate and season from the ancient times to make a conception through the cognitive process of reason on the basis of this conception, it also makes the rules and civilization. The conception of Korea regimen also have presented the logical concreteness through this process. We have investigated into Korea and about five hundred Chinese medical books. Dongeui-Bogam, which is the greatest medical science book in the East, make out the conception of regimen by studying those books. The details of the conception are following: 1. Korean regimen is originaed from Kochosun and more developmented by the influence of China. That make also makes "Dan Hak Pa" in the latter period of Silla. The major meaning of a medical science is to take care of health. The basic notion of Huh Joon that adviced us to use a medicine as the second-best solution shows his conception of human body and regimen. Dongeui-Bogam was practically written for the public welfare, in spite of the conception that its contents and significance were based on Taoism. 2. The conception of regimen explained in Dongeui-Bogam is similar to that of Taoism in that both regard the human body as a universe. The conception of the regimen in Taoism and the inside diameter is the central principal of the Chinese medical book and that includes the Korean medical book 'Eui Bang Eu Chui' and medical herb. The conception of a human body in Dongeui-Bogam insists that the human body is composed of five viscera and six entails, mucsle, blood, skin. Describing the conception of regimen, Dongeui-Bogam contibutes to improve the quality of medical care and to lead to a healthy life, while other medical texts emphasize on the medicines and acupunture.

파라데이컵을 이용한 플라즈마 분석

정재훈,채희백,한용진,이수빈,홍진수 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.4 No.2

A faraday cup has been used to obtain informations of various carbon ions in plasma generated during PLD(Pulsed laser deposition). We propose an analytical expression for the velocity distributions of carbon ions ejected in laser ablation. Under the applied voltage the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution on a stream velocity was adopted to describe the measured velocity distributions. The kinetic ion energies are calculated to be in the range of 605.9eV to 30.7eV. The number are inverse proportional to their kinetic energies : ?? in the oder named.

Zielke 장치를 이용한 불안정성 척추 분절의 내고정술

정재윤,정재훈 全南大醫大 1987 전남의대학술지 Vol.24 No.3

PLD 박막의 광학적 성질

정재훈,홍진수,박해윤 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.3 No.1

Thin amorphous carbon film were deposited by Q Nd:YAG 532nm laser ablation from 99.7% graphite target with beam power density of 6x10 15 Wcm-2. In order to estimate the quality of the PLD(Pulsed Laser Deposition) film one of the most important optical properties, bandgap energy, was characterized by visible transmission and an optical bandgap energy of 2.05eV was achieved. Comparing our result with the published values in the literature we have confidence that our film shows the good quality at optical properties.

7개 대학 병원에서 조사한 지역사회 폐렴의 원인균

정문현,김성민,강문원,최희정,정희진,이경원,한성우,송재훈,신형식,김의종,최강원,김민자,박승철,배현주,정윤섭,김준명,백경란,신완식,이규만,김양리 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.5

목 적 : 폐렴은 많이 발생하면서 사망률이 크게 줄지 않는 질환이며, 이를 적절히 치료하기 위해서는 원인균의 상대적 빈도, 기저 질환에 따른 변화, 항균제 내성률, 사망에 관련된 인자들을 알아야 한다. 원인균의 빈도는 지역마다 차이가 있고 국내에서는 항균제 내성률이 높아 지역사회에서 발생한 폐렴을 치료하기 위한 경험적 항균제 선택에 도움이 되기 위해 서울 소재 6개 대학 병원과 천안의 1개 대학 병원이 참여하여 위의 사항들에 대해 조사를 하였다. 방 법 : 1995년에 내과에 입원했던 16세 이상 환자를 대상으로 했다. 퇴원 진단명이 폐렴 또는 폐결핵인 병록지을 찾았고, 이중에서 병원 감염을 제외하였다. 특이도를 높이기 위해, 이들 중에서 호흡기 증상이 있고 발열이나 저체온이 있으면서 흉부 X-선에서 이상 음영이 있는 환자만을 대상으로 했다. 폐결핵은 위의 기준에 입원 초기에 항균제 치료를 하고 입원 7일 이후에야 항결핵제가 투여된 경우만을 폐렴의 원인균으로 하였다. 혈액 배양에서 양성, 객담에서 항상균이나 M. tuberculosis가 증명된 경우, 혈청학적으로 항체가가 4배 이상 증가된 경우, 조직에서 원인균이 진단된 경우는 확정(definitive) 원인균으로 하였고, 객담에서 배양된 균이 그람 도말과 일치할때, 항결액제에 대한 반응으로 진단한 폐결핵, 단일 항체가 양성이고 이에 대해 항균제를 사용했을 때는 가능(probable) 원인균으로 정의하였다. 다세균 감염균은 각각 다 른 원인균으로 처리하였다. 임상 조사와 함께 임상병리과에서 S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, mycoplasma, 항상균에 대해 검사 의뢰 건수, 배양 양성수, 항균제 감수성 결과를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 폐렴의 증례 정의에 부합하지 않은 135명과 폐결핵의 정의에 해당하지 않는 230명을 제외하고 남은 246명의 평균 나이는 58.2세이고 남성이 142명(58.2%) 이었고, 71%의 환자에서 기저 질환이 있었다. 진단 방법의 시행 횟수는 혈액 배양 77.6%, 혈청 검사 18.3%, 기관지경 검사는 4.1%였고, 세균의 항원 검사를 한 예는 없었다. 원인균이 밝혀진 예는 77명(31.3%)이었다. 다세균 감염이 4명에서 있었고, 원인균의 상대적 빈도는 결핵 20명(확정 17, 가능 3: 6개 병원 자료), 폐렴구균 18(확정8 가능 10)명과 폐렴구균이 아닌 Streptococcus 3명 (모두 확정), H. influenzae 11명(모두 가능), 그람음성간균 11명(확정 7, 가능 4) (K. pneumoniae 8건), Mycoplasma 5명(확정 1, 가능 4), S. aureus 4명(확정 2, 가능 2), mucormycosis 1명(확정)이었다. 평균 입원 기간은 19일이고, 중환자실 입원률과 인공 호흡기 사용율은 각각 18%와 9.3%였다. 사망률은 13.8%였고 사망까지 평균 기간은 14.6일 이었다. 다변량 분석에서 사망을 예측할 수 있는 인자는 저체온과 빈호흡이었다. 임상병리과에서 배양되었던 모든 폐렴구균의 Penicillin 내성률은 서울 3개 병원에서 82-88%, 천안에서 72%였다. 폐렴 환자의 혈액에서 배양된 7주는 모두 Penicillin에 감수성이 있었다. K. pneumoniae 8주 모두 cefotaxime과 gentamicin에 감수성을 보였다. 결 론 : 후향적 조사이고 병원마다 원인균 진단에 차이가 있지만, 원인이 밝혀진 경우에는 결핵과 폐렴균이 흔하였고, 무균 부위에서 배양된 폐렴구균의 항균제 내성률은 낮았다. 원인이 밝혀지지 않은 경우가 많고, 혈청검사로 진단되는 원인균이 드물며, 분리균주가 적어 항균제 내성 정도를 추정하기 어려워, 이를 밝히기 위한 전향적 조사가 필요하다. Background : Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, but its management is still challenging. The limitation of diagnostic methods to identify etiologic agents rapidly make it necessary to use empiric antibiotics in almost all patients, and furthermore the discovery of new respiratory pathogens and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms pose difficulties to the selection of an empiric regimen. To clarify the factors necessary for the optimal choice of empirical antibiotics, such as the frequency of etiologic agents, the attributable rates to death and antimicrobial resistance rates in the community, six university hospitals in Seoul and one university hospital in Cheonan were participating in this study. Methods : medical records of adults (>15 years of age) hospitalized for CAP or pulmonary tuberculosis between April 1995 and March 1996, were reviewed. Patients who satisfied all of the following criteria were included in the study: (1) fever or hypothermia; (2) respiratory symptoms; and (3) pulmonary infiltrates on chest roentgenogram. To exclude cases of pulmonary tuberculosis whose roentgenographic features were so typical that it could be easily differentiated from conventional pneumonia, two additional criteria were required for inclusion: antibiotic treatment during the first week of hospital admission and initiation of anti-tuberculosis medications thereafter. Organisms isolated from sterile body sites, acid-fast bacilli or Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from sputum, pathogens diagnosed by a 4-fold rising titer of antibodies to “atypical”pathogens, or pathogens revealed by histopathology were defined as definitive cause of pneumonia; isolates from sputum withcompatible Gram stain, pathogens diagnosed by a single diagnostic titer plus use of a specific antimicrobial agent, or tuberculosis diagnosed by clinucal response to anti- tuberculosis medications were considered probable cause of pneumonia. The records of the clinical microbiology were reviewed for isolates of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Mycobacterium or acid-fast bacilli, and Mycoplasma. Then the frequency of these agents, antimicrobial resistance rates of resiratory pathogens from all body sites, and their clinical significance were evaluated. Results: After excluding 365 patients (230 with pulmonary tuberculosis and 135 with CAP) who were screened for inclusion but did not meet the inclusion criteria,246 persons were enrolled in this study. Their mean age was 58.2 years old with slight male predominance (58.2%), and 171(71%) patients had underlying illnesses. Blood cultures were performed on 191 (77.6%) patients and serologic tests on 44(18.3%) patients. The etiologic agents were identified in 31.3%, and the list of individual agents, in decreasing order, was pulmonary tuberculosis (17 definite and 3 probable: data of six hospitals), S. pneumoniae (8 definite and 10 probable), non-pneumococci (3 definite), aerobic gram-negative bacilli (7 definite and 4 probable), Haemophilus spp. (11 probable), mycoplasma (1 definite and 4 probable), polymicrobial infections (2 definite and 2 probable: E. coli and S. agalactiae, M. tuberculosis and S. aureus, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae and A. baumannii and K. pneumonias), S. aureus (2 definite and 2 probable) , and mucormycosis (1 definite). Among gram-negative bacilli, K. pneumoniae was the most common agent (8isolates). therates of admission to the intensive care unitand of using assisted ventilation were 18% and 9.3%, respectively. The mortality was 13.8% and logistic regression analysis showed that hypothermia and tachypnea were associated with death. Hospital stay averaged 19 days. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae isolated from all body sites to penicillin ranged from 8% to 28% but seven isolated from blood of patients with pneumonia were susceptible to penicillin. Also all 8 isolated of k> pneumoniae from patients with pneumonia were susceptible to cefotaxime and gentamicin. Conclusion: In Korea, in addition to S. pneumoniae, M. tuberculosis is an important agent causing community-acquired pneumonia. The low incidence of etiologic diagnosis is probably related to infrequent requesting of test "atypical" pathogens and does not represent the true incidence of infections by "atypical" pathogens, which well be answered by a prospective study. The antimicrobial resistance rates of major respiratory pathogens from sterile body sites are low, however, because of a small number of the isolates this result needs confirmation by a nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.

비정질 As_(2-x)Sb_xSe_3 박막의 결정화 및 전류-전압 특성

정재훈,김태만 慶熙大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

There are two crystallization processes, isothermal and non-isothermal, in general. DSC and DTA analysis are now well known experimental procedures to studing on crystallizaton kinetics. Recently, in order to examine the isothermal srystallization process dc resistance analysis has been introduced, and it is applied to practical use by several workers. In this work, this analysis was appied to study on non-siothermal crystallization process of amorphous As_(2-*S)b_xSe_3 thin films, where x=0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 respectively. The result showed that the dc resistance analysis would be available to make a study on the non-isothermal crysrallization process for the samples. The Ⅰ-Ⅴ characteristic was examined for the samples crystallized isothermally as well, then it was appeared obviously that three kinds of the sample, for which x=0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 respectiely, have the varistor characteristic. The experimental varistor constants of samples were values in the range from 3 to 5 as like as SiC.

페니실린 내성 폐렴구균 균혈증의 임상적 특성

정두련,송재훈,김은옥,류지소,이남용,이혁,백경란,김성민,배직현,우준희,김양수 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.4

목적: 지역사회 획득 감염의 매우 흔한 원인균인 폐렴구균의 페니실린 및 다른 항균제에 대한 내성의 증가는 세계적으로 문제가 될 뿐 아니라 국내에서 더욱 큰 문제로 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 항균제 내성 여부에 따른 폐렴구균 균혈증의 임상적 특성 및 위험 요인를 분석하여 항균제 내성의 임상적 의미를 조사하고자 시행되었다. 방법:1989년부터 1994년까지의 폐렴구균 균혈증 41례를 대상으로 하여 의무기록지를 조사하였다. 균주의 항균제 감수성 검사는 oxacillin 디스크 확산법으로 페니실린 내성 여부를 거사한 후, 한천 희석법을 이용하여 페니실린을 비롯한 11개의 항균제의 MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration)를 구하고 감수성 여부를 판정하였다. 결과: 41균주 중 68.3%가 페니실린에 대하여 내성(중등도 12.2%, 고도 56.1%)을 보였으며 다제내성률은 61%였다. 특히 소아에서는 100%(고도 88.2%)의 내성률을 보여 성인보다 내성률이 더 높았다. 페니실린 내성 균주는 대부분 다른 β-lactam 항균제에도 내성을 보였으며 특히 페니실린 고도 내성 균주는 cefotaxime, ceftriaxone에 대하여 100% 내성을 보였고 imipenem에 대해서도 95.5%의 중등도 내성률을 보였다. 혈청형은 19와 23이 많았고 그 외에 6이 있었다. 임상적 특성의 분석상 환자들의 연령분포는 3개월부터 82세까지였으며 기저질환을 가지고 있는 환자가 56%이었으며 지역사회 획득 감염이 71%였다. 균혈증의 일차감염원은 폐렴(22례, 54%)과 수막염(5례, 12%)이 가장 많았다. 페니실린 내성의 위험요인으로는 소아 연령만이 유의한 요인으로 분석되었다. 항균요법에 대한 반응을 볼 때 실패한 경우는 고도 내성 군의 20%에서만 있었으며 병원내 총사망률은 페니실린 감수성 군이 30%, 중등도 내성 군이 20%, 고도 내성 군이 13.6%로서 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 페니실린 내성 폐렴구균은 국내에 만연하고 있으며 높은 다제내성률을 보였다. 이들은 대개 지역 사회 획득 감염을 일으키는데 균혈증의 경우 그 사망률은 내성 여부에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았다. 소아연령만이 페니실린 내성의 위험요인으로 분석되었다. Background: The emergence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) poses serious therapeutic problem in clinical practice, especially in cases with bacteremia or meningitis. Methods: To investigate clinical characteristics of bacteremic pneumococcal diseases due to PRSP, we retrospectively analyzed 41 cases with cocumented bacteremic diseases seen in a tertiary care hospital between 1989 and 1994. Results: Agar dilution test of 41 strains isolated showed that 68.3% of S. pneumoniae were PRSP [high-level resistance(R) 56.1%, intermediate resistance(I) 12.2%]. High-level resistant strains were not susceptible to other β-lactam agents, whereas isolates of penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae(PSSP) were uniformly susceptible to all β-lactam agents. Predominant serogroups of PRSP were 19, 23, and 6. Bacteremic diseases caused by PRSP included pneumonia (22), meningitis (5), peritonitis (3), acute otitis media (2), acute tonsillitis (2), endocarditis (1), pyelonephritis(1), and primary bacteremia(5). Children were more likely to be infected with PRSP with high-level or intermediately resistant strains than were adults(P=0.0001), but no differences were seen between PRSP and PSSP regarding sex. previous antibiotic history, previous hospitalization, and underlying immunocompromised conditions. Most cases were community-acquired (R 78.3%, I 60%, S 61.5%). Fatality rates of patients infected with PRSP were not different significantly from PSSP (22.6% vs. 30%). However, most fatal cases had underlying immunocompromised conditions. Conclusion: PRSP is widely prevalent in Korea and shows resistance to most antibiotics. It causes community-acquired bacteremic diseases with poor outcomes, but there was no difference in mortality between patients infected with PRSP and PSSP. Pediatric age was the only risk factor for penicillin resistance.

演藝人(實演者)의 知的財産權

정재훈 한국지적재산권학회 2002 知的所有權法硏究 Vol.6 No.-

복직근 및 박근 근피판술을 이용한 골반 및 서혜부 연부조직 결손의 재건

이재화,정윤규,김주봉,유대현,황성관,이훈범,김석원 大韓成形外科學會 1997 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.24 No.6

Many operations for the reconstruction of the pelvic area have been studied until now. The local muscle flap is often used for the closure of these complex wound. But, these local muscle flaps may not be available for reconstruction due to the factors of infection, radiation, and surgical trauma. Since rectus abdominis muscle and gracilis muscle were introduced, their use has been steadily increased for the reconstruction of soft tissue defect of the pelvic area. Inferiorly based rectus abdominis muscle flap and the gracilis muscle flap have been adopted for well-vascularized soft tissue coverage of the defect of pelvis and groin area. These techniques were utilized in seven patients. Of these patients, rectus abdominis muscle flap was used on four patients and three patients were treated with gracilis muscle flap. Among these, chronic osteomyelitis of pelvic bone has been managed with inferiorly based rectus abdominis muscle flap in three patients. No complication has been found. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 26 months, with a range of 12 to 39 months. In conclusion, these muscles are functionally expandable , and provide adequate tissue volume with sufficient blood supply away from the zone of injury, and readily transposed into the pelvis and groin area through subcutaneous tunnel, and serve as an antibiotic delivery system that aids in the eradication of infection. These findings suggest a reconstructive option for the defect of pelvis and groin, and/or bone infection in this area.

반음절기반의 한국어 연속숫자음인식과 그 후처리에 대한 연구

정재부,정훈,정익주 한국음성과학회 2001 음성과학 Vol.8 No.4

This paper describes the effect of new recognition unit, a unit based on semi-syllable, and its post processing method. A recognition unit based on semi-syllable expresses Korean connected digit's coarticulation effect. An existing method using semi-syllable limits next models, derived from current recognized models, to make complete connected digit sequence. However, this paper uses a new method to make complete connected digit sequence. The new post-processing method recognizes isolated digit words which include digits sequence from the digit combinations being able to occur from current recognized semi-syllable sequence. This method gives an improved accuracy rate than that of existing method. This new post processing provides two advantages. 1) It corrects current rnis-recognized semi-syllable unit. 2) When people say each digit, they say it without regard to saying duration.