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        ARR19 (androgen receptor corepressor of 19 kDa), an antisteroidogenic factor, is regulated by GATA-1 in testicular Leydig cells.

        Qamar, Imteyaz,Park, Eunsook,Gong, Eun-Yeung,Lee, Hyun Joo,Lee, Keesook American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2009 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.284 No.27

        <P>ARR19 (androgen receptor corepressor of 19 kDa), which encodes for a leucine-rich protein, is expressed abundantly in the testis. Further analyses revealed that ARR19 was expressed in Leydig cells, and its expression was differentially regulated during Leydig cell development. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of ARR19 in Leydig cells inhibited testicular steroidogenesis, down-regulating the expression of steroidogenic enzymes, which suggests that ARR19 is an antisteroidogenic factor. Interestingly, cAMP/luteinizing hormone attenuated ARR19 expression in a fashion similar to that of GATA-1, which was previously reported to be down-regulated by cAMP. Sequence analysis of the Arr19 promoter revealed the presence of two putative GATA-1 binding motifs. Further analyses with 5' deletion and point mutants of putative GATA-1 binding motifs showed that these GATA-1 binding sites were critical for high promoter activity. CREB-binding protein coactivated GATA-1 and markedly increased the activity of the Arr19 promoter. Both GATA-1 and CREB-binding proteins occupied the GATA-1 motifs within the Arr19 promoter, which was repressed by cAMP treatment. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that ARR19 is the target gene of GATA-1 and suggest that ARR19 gene expression in testicular Leydig cells is regulated by luteinizing hormone/cAMP signaling via the control of GATA-1 expression, resulting in the control of testicular steroidogenesis.</P>

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