李東垣의 陰火論과 朱丹溪의 相火論의 比較硏究(Ⅱ)

宋孝貞,金聖勳,金東熙,宋旭 대한동의병리학회 1998 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.12 No.2

火에 대한 槪念은 內經에서 言及한 이래 生理, 病理, 運氣的인 側面에서 여러 醫家들에 의해 多樣하게 解析되어지고 있다. 특히 古來의 理論에 얽메이지 않고 豊富한 臨床經驗을 바탕으로 李東垣은 脾胃論의 主要內容으로 '陰火論'를 主張 하였고, 朱丹溪는 歷代 醫家들의 火에 對한 槪念을 整理하여 '相火論'과 '陽常有餘 陰常不足論'을 主張하여 모두 獨特한 火의 理論을 集大成하였다. 後代에 命門學說이 나오기까지 重要한 理論·臨床的 資料를 提示하여 明代의 溫補派와 滋陰派로 集約되어 繼承되어진 東垣의 陰火와 丹溪의 相火에 대하여 歷史·環境的 背景, 槪念, 生理, 病理 및 治法 等을 諸文獻을 通하여 比較 檢討하였다. Through studing historical and environmental background, definition, physiology, pathology and therapy of Li DongWon' theory, Yin-fire, and Zhu DanXi's theory, ministerial fire, the conclusions were obtained as follows. 1. Yin-fire was a expression of debilitating heat induced by shortage of primordial Qi, even though excessive syndrome came out. 2. Ministerial fire is based on the motive power of bowel visceral activity and maintenances of life in physiology. But it is also the noxious factor that means it is the enemy of primordial Qi in pathology. 3. The etiology and pathology of Yin-fire was explained by the deficiency of spleen and stomach's vital energy caused by irregular food, overstrains and emotional stress. 4. It was thought that ministerial fire was caused by excess of emotion, fatty food and sexual intercourse and among theses factors (that gave rise to fire of bowel, visceral and Osungguelyang(五性厥陽), excessive emotion was the most important part. 5. The syndrome of yin-fire were consisted of two groups, ie. damp heat and deficiency of vital energy syndrome. And the syndrome of pathological ministerial fire is similar with the syndrome of fire among Nei-Ching's 19 pathologies, which is rapid and various. 6. Dong-Won emphasized the treating method of supplementing digestive tract and ascending yang by using sweat and warm herbs according symptom. In the other hand, DAn-Xi emphasized the treating method of nourishing yin and relieving fire by using bitter and cold herbs.

다발성 장 천공을 동반한 베체트병 - 1예 보고 -

윤효영,이상전,송영진 대한대장항문학회 1995 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.11 No.2

Cisapride가 금식기 담낭의 수축운동에 어떤 영향을 미치는가?

송영진,장이찬,윤효영,이상전 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1996 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.6 No.1

Cisapride의 식사후 담낭의 수축운동에 대한 영향을 규명하고자 20-30대의 건강인 12명(남자 6명, 여자 6명)을 대상으로 placebo, cisapride 10㎎ 혹은 20㎎을 경구복용한 후 담낭체적의 변화를 초음파로 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Placebo를 복용한 군에서는 검사기간중 완만한 체적의 변동이 있었으나, cisapride를 복용한 후에는 담낭체적이 지속적으로 현저하게 증가되었다. 이러한 담낭체적의 증가는 placebo를 복용한 군과 비교해 볼 때, cisapride 10㎎을 복용한 군에서는 60분후부터, 20㎎을 복용한 군에서는 50분후부터 통계학적 유의성이 있었으며(p<0.05), 이러한 경향은 검사종료시까지 지속되었다. 그리고 최대체적은 cisapride 10㎎을 복용한 군에서는 120분후에 최초체적의 145%에, cisapride 20㎎을 복용한 군에서는 90분후에 최초체적의 162%에 도달하였다(Fig. 2). 한편 체적곡선 아래의 면적은 cisapride 10㎎을 복용한 군은 31325 ±2518, 20㎎을 복용한 군은 33355 ±4726로, placebo를 복용한 군(23510 ±2864)보다 유의하게 컸다(p<0.05) 이상의 결과에서 cisapride의 경구섭취는 금식기 담낭의 수축운동을 억제하는 이완효과가 있음을 알 수있었다. 그리고 이러한 담낭수축억제효과는 장기간 cisapride를 복용하는 환자에서 담석형성이 촉진되는 효과가 있을 수 있고, 반대로 담석존재시 선통 발작을 억제하거나 예방하는 효과가 있을 수도 있다는 것을 시사한다. Cisapride(C23H29CIFN304) is one of the well-known prokinetic agents. It operates upon whole gastrointestinal tract, from lower esophageal sphincter to anal sphincter, and holds the most promise for patients with colonic motility disorders. It is known to function as an indirect cholinergic stimulant through increased release of acetylcholine in the intramural plexuses. Unlike metoclopramide, it does not have the antidopaminergic effects on the central nervous system. But its effect on the biliary system is not clearly elucidated. This study was performed in 12 healthy volunteers, and focused on the change of gallbladder volume after cisapride ingestion during fasting period. With the interval of 2-4days, placebo, 10㎎ or 20㎎ of cisapride were given. Cisapride inhibited the contraction of gallbladder compared with placebo. The results suggest that cisapride can induces the possible cholelithiasis, but, on the other hand, it can be used as the possible spasmolytic agent in the gallstone disease.

향사양위탕과 가미향사양위탕의 항암 및 Cyclophosphamide에 의한 부작용 감소 효과에 관한 연구

송효정,김동희,김성훈 경희대학교 1995 慶熙醫學 Vol.11 No.3-4

Ca^(2+)―작동성 Cl^-전류에 미치는 이차 전령들의 효과

송인섭,이무열,방효원,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1993 中央醫大誌 Vol.18 No.3

The anion movements across the cell membrane were regarded as apart of passive distribution according to the cation movements. Recently, from the developement of patch clamp technique new concept for anion channels were introduced. And their roles in the genesis of action potential and resting potential were noticed. So we clarified the existence of the chloride channel in the smooth muscle cells and studied its nature in regard to the roles of the second messangers. We used the whold cell voltage clamp technique to study the current responses induced by carbachol application in the circular smooth muscle cells of the gastric antrum of the rabbit. The results were as follows; 1. Application of the carbachol induced the increase of inward currents in the hyperpolarized potential ranges, and the increase of outward currents in the depolarized ranges. 2. Even in the cases of blocking all the known currents, these current components were observed. 3. Sodium ion removel from the external medium rarely affected these current responses, and the addition of cadmium ion did not make any remarkable change. 4. Known second messangers such as c-AMP, c-GMP, heparin, A1F_4 rarely affected these current components. 5. Lowering of intracellular calcium ion concentration drastically reduced these current responses. Form the above results we can suggest that the carbachol induced current responses contained chloride currents which were activated by only intracellular calcium ion, not by any other second messegers in the gastric antral smooth muscle cells.

桔梗湯과 加味桔梗湯의 抗癌效果와 免疫反應에 關한 硏究

宋孝貞,金聖勳,李光浩 대한동의병리학회 1996 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.10 No.1

肺癰에 使用되고 있는 桔梗湯을, 肺癌株 및 S-180에 投與하여 抗癌 抗轉移 및 免疫效果를 實驗的으로 糾明하고, 여기에 現在 肺癌에 多用되고 있는 2가지 藥物을 加味하여 相乘效果를 觀察하고자 하였다. C57BL/6에 B16-Fo를 皮下主射하고 ICR생쥐에 S-180을 腹腔 注射한 後 桔梗湯과 加味桔梗湯을 投與하여 腫瘍重量과 體重變化, 生命延長率, 組織變化 및 血液學的變化 등을 測定하여 抗癌效果를 分析하고, 아울러 FACS에 의해 BALB/c의 脾臟免疫細胞에 대한 影響을 살펴보았다. 桔梗湯, 桔梗湯加腥草 및 桔梗湯加白花蛇舌草등은 모두 抗癌, 抗轉移 및 免疫反應에서 有意性있는 結果를 認定되었으며, 魚腥草나 白花蛇舌草를 加味하였을 경우 더욱 效果的으로 나타났다. In order to prove the antitumor effect of Kilkyungtang(KKT), Kilkyungtang with Houttuyniae Herba(KKT-I) and Kilkyungtang with Oldenlandiae diffusae Herba(KKT-Ⅱ) experimentally, the studies were done. We measured tumor mass and body weight hematological change in ICR bearing S-180 and C57BL/6 implanted with B16-Fo, also studied their effect on immune cells in BALB/c by FACS. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Body and tumor weight were significantly suppressed in all groups as compared with control group. MST(mean survival time) was 11% in KKT, 16.9% in KKT-Ⅰ, 16.1% in KKT-Ⅱ for 14 days after implantation s.c. with B16-Fo and also body weight was significantly suppressed after implantation i.p. with S-180, MST was 20.1% in KKT, 40.9% in KKT-1, 56.6% KKT-Ⅱ for 62 days. 2. WBC and platelet aggregation was significantly increased in all groups, the number of platelet was significantly increased in KKT and KKT-Ⅰ as compared with control group. 3. The infiltration of tumor cell was obvious in the white and red pulps, in the sinusoid of liver and the glomeluli of kidneys after implantation with S-180, whereas the changes of tissues were not significant in KKT-Ⅱ, KKT-Ⅰ and KKT in order. 4. T cell and T helper cell were increased in KKT-Ⅰ and KKT-Ⅱ treated groups and B cell was increased in KKT treated group as compared with control group. From above results it was concluded that Kilkyungtang(KKT), kilkyungtang with Houttuyniae Herba(KKT-Ⅰ) and Kilkyungtang with Oldenlandiae diffusae Herba(KKT- Ⅱ) had antitumor effect, and also Kilkyungtang combined with Houttuyniae Herba or Odenlandiae diffusae Herba were more effective than KKT only which suggests the necessity of continuous study on the effects of Houttuyniae Herba or Oldenlandiae diffusae Herba.

肝癌株와 S-180에 對한 茵蔯 分劃의 抗腫瘍效果

송효정,김성훈,김진웅 대한동의병리학회 1995 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.9 No.2

연구배경 :최근 다용되는 항암제가 여러 부작용과 면역기능저하등의 문제점이 대두 되며서 이에 대한 대책으로 생약 또는 한약축출물을 기존의 항암제와 병용하여 치료효과를 높이는데 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있는데 본 논문도 위암에 이어 두 번째의 사망률을 점하고 있는 간암에 대하여 간계질환에 널리 쓰이는 인진을 이용하여 항암 효과 및 항암제와의 병용 효과를 실험을 통하여 규명하여 실제 임상에 있어 간암 치료에 도움이 되고자 함. 연구방법 : In vitro에서 茵陳을 water, hexane, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate로 抽出한 分劃의 抗腫瘍 效果 및 抗癌劑 adriamycin(ARM), cisplatin(CPT), 5-fluo-rouracil (5-FU) 등과의 相乘作用을 MTT 法에 의해 살펴 보고, 動物 實驗에서는 ICR 생쥐에 S-180을 腹腔 注射한 後 i.p로 名層의 엑기스를 投入하여 體重變化, 生命延長率, 및 血液檢査 등을 實施함 연구결과 : 茵陳 分劃의 肝癌株에 대한 抗腫瘍 效果가 認定되나 癌株는 Hep G2, 分劃은 water層과 ethyl ether層이, 相乘 效果는 Adriamycin과의 倂用 投與에서보다 效果的인 것으로 나타났다. In order to prove the antitumor effect of fraction of Herba Artemisiae Capillaris experimentally, studies were done. The antitumor effect of fractions of Herba Artemisiae Capillaris against hepatic cancer cells such as Hep G2, Hep 3B & PLC, also the synergstric action were evaluated in the combined treatment with anticancer drugs using chiefly for the treatment of liver by measuring body weight, survival time, hematological changes in ICR bearing S-180. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In cytotoxic effect against Hep G2, inhibitory growth rate below 55% of control was recognized in concentration of 10-3g/ml of water, ethyl ether layer. the synergistic effect with adriamycin was shown in concentration of 10-5g/ml above in water layer, 10-5 g/ml above in hexane layer, 10-4g/ml above in ethyl ether layer, the synergistic effect with cisplatin was shown in concentration of of 10-5g/ml above in water layer, 10-3g/ml in ether layer, the synergistic effect with 5-fluorouracil was shown in concentration of 10-3g/ml in water, ethyl ether layer. 2. In cytotoxic effect against PLC, the concentrations showing inhibitory growth rate below 55% of control was concentration of 10-4g/ml above in water, ethyl ether layer, the synergistic effect with adriamycin was shown in concentration of 10-4g/ml above in water, ethyl ether layer, the synergistic effect with cisplatin was shown in concen-tration of 10-5g/ml above in water layer, ethyl ether layer, 10-3g/ml in hexane, ethyl acetate layer, the synergistic effect with 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) was shown in concentration of 10-3g/ml in water layer. 3. In cytotoxic effect against Hep 3B, inhibitory growth rate below 55% of control was concentration of 10-3g/ml in water layer. the synergistic effect with adriamycin was shown in concentration of 10-3g/ml in ether layer, 10-4g/ml above in water layer, hexane layer, the synergistic effect with cisplatin was shown in concentration of 10-4g/ml above in water layer, the synergistic effect with 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) was shown in concentration of 10-3g/ml in water, ethyl acetate layer 4. In vivo, the gaining of body weight were significantly suppressed in water of Herba Artemisiae Capillaris only as compared with control group bearing S-180 and ILS was 18.2% in water layer, 16% in hexane layer, 17% in ethyl ether layer respectively. 5. The number of platelet was significantly increased in water layer, ethyl ether layer and platelet aggregation was significantly increased in waster, hexane, ethyl ethers and ethyl acetate layer as compared with control group. From the above result it was concluded that fractions of Herba Artemisiae Capillaris had antitumor effect, but Hep G2 of human hepatic tumor cells, water, ethyl ether layer of all fractions and adriamycin of anticancer drugs were more effective in the antitiumor activity.

여성에 있어서 연령 및 생리주기가 대장통과시간에 영향을 미치는가?

송영진,이상전,윤효영 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1995 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.5 No.1

20대에서 60대까지의 병력상 장운동 장애가 없는 여성 43명(50세미만으로서 생기주기가 규칙적이고 검사기간동안 나포기에 있는 자 13명, 황체기에 있는자 15명, 50세이상으로서 폐경기이후인 자 15명)을 대상으로 방사선 비투과표지를 수회 투여하는 방법을 사용하여 대장 통과시간을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 우측결장 11.2 ±2.2시간, 좌측결장 9.5 ±1.1시간, 직장 및 에스상결장 10.7 ±1.9시간, 전 대장 31.3 ±2.8시간이었다. 2) 50세미만 군은 우측결장 10.9 ±1.2시간, 좌측결장 9.9 ±1.3시간, 직장에스상결장 및 직장 9.9 ±2.3시간, 전 대장 30.7 ±3.0시간이었고, 50세이상군은 우측결장 11.5 ±1.9이상, 좌측결장 8.8 ±0.8시간, 직장 및 에스상결장 12.1 ±2.0시간, 전 대장 32.4 ±2.4 시간으로 양군간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 3) 난포기 여성군은 우측결장 11.1 ±7시간, 좌측결장 8.6 ±1.2시간, 직장 및 에스상결장 10.4 ±1.3시간, 전 대장 30.1 ±2.4 시간이었으며, 황체기 여성군은 우측결장 10.8 ±1.2시간, 좌측결장 11.0 ±2.1시간, 직장 및 에스상결장 9.5 ±0.8시간, 전 대장 31.3 ±4.2 시간으로 좌측결장에서는 황체기가 난포기보다 통과시간이 유의하게 길었으나(p<0.05), 전체 대장 통과시간에는 유의한 차이가 없어(p>0.05) 생리주기상의 시기에 따른 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 이상의 결과로부터 노인화에따라 대장 통과시간이 길어짐을 알 수 있었으나 생리주기에 따른 대장통과시간의 차이는 발견할 수 없었다. 따라서, 여성에 있어서 노인화에 따른 변비는 대장통과시간의 지연과 관련이 있을지 모르나, 생기주기에 따른 변비증상의 발현은 대장통과시간의 지연과는 관련이 없음을 시사한다. 아울러 이는 황체기가 변비 증상의 심한 정도와 관련이 있을지 모르지만 그 변화 양상은 장 평활근에 대한 progesterone의 영향과는 연관이 없음을 시사하고 있다. To ellucidate the effect of age and the phase of a menstrual cycle in women on the segmental or/and total colonic transit time, mean colonic transit time was measured in 43 women(13 in the follicular phase, 15 in the luteal phase, and 15 of the postmenopause) between 3rd decade and 7 the decade. All had complained of no functional gastrointestinal symptoms, and premenopausal women have regular menstrual cycles. Multiple bolus techniques of radioopaque markers were used by taking twenty markers for three consecutive days, and then two abdominal films on the day 4th. and 7th. The results were as follows : 1) Mean transit time was 11.2 ±2.2 hours in right colon, 9.5 ±1.1 hours in left colon, 10.7 ±1.9 hours in rectun and sigmoid colon, and 31.3 ±2.8 hours in total colon. 2) Mean transit time under age 50 was 10.9 ±1.2 hours in right colon, 9.9 ±1.3 hours in left colon, 9.9 ±2.3 hours in rectum and sigmoid colon, and 30.7 ±3.0 hours in total colon, while over age 50 they were 11.5 ±1.9 hours in right colon, 8.8 ±0.8 hours in left colon, and 12.1 ±2.0 hours in rectum and sigmoid colon, and 32.4 ±2.4 hours in total colon, which showed statistically differences in rectum and sigmoid colon, and total colon(p<0.05). 3) Mean transit time of women in the follicular phase were right colon 11.1 ±7 hours, left colon 8.6 ±1.2 hours, rectum and sigmoid colon 10.4 ±1.3 hours, and total colon 30.1 ±2.4 hours, in the luteal phase were right colon 10.8 ±1.2 hours, left colon 11.0 ±2.1 hours, rectum and sigmoid colon 9.5 ±0.8 hours, and total colon 31.3 ±4.2 hours. Although transit hour in the left colon was longer in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase, no significant difference was found in the total colon transit time(p>0.05). These results showed mean colon transit time prolongs as women become older, but is not affected by the specific phase in a menstrual cycle.

Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b에서 세포내 메탄자화효소의 활성 측정

송효학,김경태,박성훈,강정미 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1996 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.50 No.-

메탄자화균을 이용한 지방족 염소화합물의 분해를 위해 메탄자화균의 일종인 Metlylosirus trichosporium OB3b를 배양하고 메탄자화효소의 활성을 5ml vial을 이용하여 여러조건에서 측정하였다. 기절로 propene을 사용하고 생성물인 propene oxide를 가스크로마토그래프(GC)로 분석하였다. 환원력 공급제로 formate가 첨가될 경우 그렇지 않은 경우에 비해 MMO의 활성이 4-5배 가량 높았고, 최적 pH와 온도는 각각 pH 7.0-7.5, 30℃였다. 기질에 대한 포화상수 Km의 값은 ?????mol/L였고 고농도 propene oxide는 활성을 저해하였다. 균체량이 너무 적으면 GC에서의 분석감도에 문제가 있었고 너무 많으면 산소전달이 제한되므로 MMO 활성 측정값이 저하되었다. 분석에 적합한 최적 균체량은 MMO 활성에 따라 달라지지만 대략 0.3∼0.8㎎/ml 정도였다. In order to determine the optimal assay conditions, the activity of the whole-cell methane monooxygenase(MMO) in Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b was measured under various conditions using gas chromatograph(GC). The enzymatic reaction monitored was propene oxidation to propene oxide and the reaction container was 5ml vial with a PTFE-faced rubber septum. When fermate was added as reducing agent, MMO activity was consistently 4-5 times higher compared to the case that fermate was missing. The optimal pH and temperature were 7.0-7.5 and 30℃, respectively. The dependence of enzymatic activity on propene concentration followed Michaelis-Menten kinetic model and the saturation constant(Km) was observed to be ?????mol/L The enzymatic activity was reduced with increasing incubation time or by high concentration of propene oxide. Considering the sensitivity of GC measurement and mass transfer resistance of gas substrates, proper cell density in the present assay system was estimated to be 0.3-0.8㎎/ml.

개선된 다출력 동적 CMOS 설계 방식을 이용한 고성능 32 비트 CLA가산기 설계 및 구현

송근호,방만식,서정훈,한석붕,이효상,김강철 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1997 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In this paper, we designed, implemented and evaluated 32-bit CLA adder with the ENMODL(enhanced NORA Multiple Output Domino Logic) logic style which is new dynamic CMOS logic. The circuit is implemented using 0.8㎛ CMOS double-metal process technology. It operates stably and the addition time is less 3.9 ns. The ENMODL logic style can improve the performance in the high-speed computing circuits depending on the degree of recurrence.