In vitro Mammalian Chromosomal Aberration Test of Fullerene-C60

Soo Jin Kim(김수진),Kyung Taek Rim(임경택),Hae Won Cho(조해원),Jeong Hee Han(한정희),Hyeon Yeong Kim(김현영),Jeong Sun Yang(양정선) 환경독성보건학회 2009 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Fullerene의 유전독성을 평가하기 위하여 Chinese hamster유래의 난소유아세포(CHO-K1 cell)를 이용하여 직접법(-S9)과 대사활성화법(+S9 mix)의 염색체이상시험을 실시하였다. 시험물질은 1% CMC 나트륨염의 현탁액(l% CMC 용액)에 희석하여 조제하였다. 대사활성화를 시키지 않은 직접법의 염색체이상시험에서 24시간 투여군은 8단계의 농도(0.078, 0.156, 0.313, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10mM)로 투여하여 실시하였다. 투여 농도 증가에 따른 염색체이상의 빈도가 증가하는 양상이 나타나지 않았다. 48시간의 투여군에서는 8단계의 농도(0.078, 0.156, 0.313, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10mM)로 투여하여 실시하였는데 투여 농도 증가에 따른 염색체이상의 빈도가 증가하는 양상이 나타나지 않았다. 배수체의 염색체이상은 직접법에서 관찰되지 않았다. 대사활성화법을 이용하여 6시간 시험물질을 투여한 시험에 있어서는 8단계의 용량단계 (0.078, 0.156, 0.313, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10mM)를 설정하였는데 투여 농도가 증가함에 따른 염색체이상빈도의 증가양상이 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때 본 시험물질은 본 시험 조건하에서 CHO-K1세포에서 대사활성화를 시켰을 때 염색체 이상을 유발하지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

WIPI 기반 모바일 3D 게임엔진의 설계와 구현

형대진,김승구,조현준,박경환 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2006 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.14 No.1

In this paper, we introduce the method for developing the mobile 3D game engine based on the WIPI platform which has been proposed as the mobile standard platform. Our game engine is designed so that it supports OpenGL-ES and JSR-184 that are mobile 3D graphic APIs. Our game engine has a mobile emulator operated on PC and SDK to support mobile programming in PC environments. Mobile 3D game developers can use the APIs at various levels. Also, the game engine is developed in modular in order to support various game genres.

전기도금을 이용한 스테인레스 스틸 선재의 직경 증가에 관한 실험적 연구

조진형,성영은,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2003 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 전기도금을 이용하여 교정용 선재의 직경을 증가시킨 후 그 물성 변화를 알아봄으로써 이의 임상적 적용 가능성을 알아보고자 시행되었다. 0.016 인치 스테인레스 스틸 교정용 선재에 전기도금을 위한 적절한 전처리를 시행한 후, 황상 니켈 100g/L, 염화니켈 60g/L, 붕산 30g/L, 염화나트륨 50g/L의 조성을 가지는 전해액을 제조하여 1.7V의 전압과 25∼29℃의 온도 3.1∼3.3pH의 조건 하에서 직경을 0.002 인치 증가시켜 0.018 인치 직경의 선재로 만들었다. 전기도금 과정 중 1분 단위로 직경을 측정하여 시간에 따른 직경 증가율을 구하였고, 도금 후 서로 다른 세 지점의 직경을 계측하여 균일성을 평가하였으며, 도금 금속의 정성분석을 위하여 X-선 회절감사를 시행하였다. 도금층의 밀착성 증진을 위해 400℃의 전기로에서 10분간 열처리를 시행한 후 도금 전후와 열처리 전후의 물성 변화를 알아보기 위하여 3점 굴곡 실험을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 전반적인 하중-변형을 곡선을 보면 0.016 인치 군과 0.018 인치 군 사이에 도금 처리한 군이 존재하였으며 열처리한 경우가 0.018 인치 군에 더욱 가까워지는 양상을 보였다. 2. 도금에 의해 직경은 0.002 인치 증가시킨 군이 기존의 0.016 인치 군에 비하여 강성과 항복상도, 극한강도 모두 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 이 중 강성과 극한 강도는 통계적인 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3. 0.016 인치에서 도금에 의해 직경을 0.002 인치 증가시킨 준이 기존의 0.018 인치 군보다 강성과 항복강도 극한강도 모두에서 낮게 나타났으며 통계적 유의차를 보았다. 4. 도금 후 열처리를 시행한 군이 시행하지 않은 군보다 강성, 항복강도, 극한강도 모두 높은 경향을 보였으며, 극한강도에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 5. 전기도금 후 서로 다른 세 지점의 직경차이는 0.1∼0.3%로 균일하게 나타났으며 통계적으로도 유의차가 존재하지 않았다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibile clinical application of electroplating to increase diameter of an orthodontic wire, through examining the change of physical properties. The diameter of stainless steel orthodontic wire was increased from 0.016 inch to 0.018 inch by electroplating in a bath of nickel sulfate 100g/L, nickel chloride 60g/L, boric acid 30g/L, and sodium chloride 50g/L, under the conditions of 1.7V, 25∼29℃, and 3.1∼3.3pH. During the electroplating, the rate of diameter increase was measured every minute. To investigate uniformity, the diameter was performed to analyze the nature of the electroplated metal. Following heat treatment to improve adhesion between the wire and electroplated metal, a three-point bending test was conducted to compare stiffness, yield strength, and ultimate strength among four wire groups; 0.016 inch, electroplated 016, electroplated and heat-treated 016, and 0.018 inch wires. Through the comparison of each wire group, following results were obtained. 1. In the load-deflection graph, the curve of the electroplated group was places between that of the 0.016 inch group and the 0.018 inch group, and the curve was closer to the 0.018 inch group by heat treatment. 2. In the electroplated and heat-treated 016 wire group, the values of stiffness, yield strength and ultimate strength showed higher tendency than in the original 0.016 inch group. Stiffness and ultimate strength showed statistically significant differences between two groups. 3. Stiffness, yield strength, and ultimate strength of electroplated wire presented lower values than those of 0.018 inch wire group. 4. Stiffness, yield strength, and ultimate strength of electroplated and heat-treated wire showed higher tendency than those of electroplated wire group, and ultimate strength showed statistically significant difference between two groups. 5. After electroplating, the difference in diameter between the three locations was within 0.1∼0.3% variation, and showed no statistical significance.

자색고구마가 사염화탄소 투여에 의한 흰쥐의 간손상 보호에 미치는 영향

조영자,김현아,방미애,오용비,정병춘,문윤호,정우진 한국식생활문화학회 2003 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.18 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary purple sweet potato(lpomoea batatas) powder on serum lipid levels and antioxidative enzymes in normal and pretective effect on hepatotoxicity rats induced by carbon tetrachlolide. Four groups of rats (3-week-old inbred Sprague-Dawley male rats) were normal rats fed control diet(C)_(1) induced hepatotoxicity rats fed control diet(EC)_(1) normal rats fed purple sweet potato diet(P), and induced hepatotoxicity rats fed purple potato sweet diet(EP). Rats were induced by single injection of 50% carbon tetrachloide(0.1 mL/100 g B.W., i.p.). The rats were fed ad libitum each of the experimental diet for 5 weeks. After 5 weeks the rats were sacrificed and activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products were determined in their liver homogenates. But serum concentrations of lipid was not significant in all groups. Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT/GPT) and aspartate aminotransferase(ALT/GPT)of the EC and EP groups were heigher than the C and P groups. The hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase(G9Pase) activity of the group fed purple potato diet(P) was lower than the other groups(p<0.05). However, The glutathione peroxidase(GPx) activities was not statistically different between the groups. Renal glutathione S-transferase(GST) activity of the EC and EP groups were lower than the C and P groups(p<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that purple sweet potato is believed to be possible protective effect on hepatotoxicity rats induced by carbon tetrachlolide.

파노라마방사선사진 지수와 임플란트 실패와의 관계에 관한 연구

조현정,이원진,허민석,안창현,이진구,이삼선,최순철 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.1

Purpose : Several panoramic indices have been suggested to assess bone quality from the morphology and width of mandibular cortex on panoramic radiography. The purpose of this study was to compare dental implant failure group with control group in panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical index (MCI), and gonion index (GI) and to determine the effect of these panoramic indices on dental implant failure. Materials and Methods : A case-control study was designed. Test group (n = 42) consisted of the patients who had their implants extracted because of peri-implantitis. Control group (n = 139) consisted of the patients who retained their implants over one year without any pathologic changes and had been followed up periodically. They had dental implants installed in their mandibles without bone augmentation surgery from 1991 to 2001. The following measures were collected for each patients: 1) PMI, MCI, and GI were measured twice at one-week interval on preoperative panoramic views; and 2) age, sex, implant length, implant type, installed location, occluding dentition state, and complication were investigated from the chart record. Results : The PMI showed moderate level of repeatability. The intra-observer agreement of MCI and GI were good. There was statistically significant difference in PMI between two groups. There were significant different patterns of distribution of MCI and GI between two groups. Among the panoramic indices, PMI and MCI showed significant correlation with dental implant failure. Conclusion : Panoramic indices can be used as reference data in estimating bone quality of edentulous patients who are to have implants installed in their mandibles.

전기도금을 이용한 교정용 선재의 직경 증가에 관한 실험적 연구

조진형,김경근,황현식 전남대학교 치과대학 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibile clinical application of electroplating to increase diameter of an orthodontic wire, through examining the change of physical properties. The diameter of stainless steel orthodontic wire was increased from 0.016 inch to 0.018 inch by electroplating in a bath of nickel sulfate 100g/L, nickel chloride 60g/L, boric acid 30g/L, and sodium chloride 50g/L, under the conditions of 1.7V, 25∼29℃, and 3.1∼3.3pH. During the electroplating, the rate of diameter increase was measured every minute. To investigate uniformity, the diameter was measured at three different locations of each wire specimen after electroplating. An X-ray diffraction test was performed to analyze the nature of the electroplated metal. Following heat treatment to improve adhesion between the wire and electroplated metal, a three­point bending test was conducted to compare stiffness, yield strength, and ultimate strength among four wire groups; 0.016 inch, electroplated 016, electroplated and heat ­ treated 016, and 0.018 inch wires. Through the comparison of each wire group, following results were obtained. 1. In the lad ­ deflection graph, the curve of the eletoplated group was placed between that of the 0.016 inch group and the 0.018 inch group, and the curve closer to the 0.018 inch group by heat treatment. 2. In the electroplated and heat ­ treated 016 wire group, the values of stiffness, yield strength and ultimate strength showed higher tendency than in the original 0.016 inch group. Stiffness and ultimate strength showed statistically significant differences between two groups. 3. Stiffness, yield strength, and ultimate strength of electroplated wire presented lower values than those of 0.018 inch wire group. 4. stiffness, yield strength, and ultimate strength of electroplated and heat ­ treated wire showed higher tendency than those of electroplated wire group, and ultimate strength showed statistically significant difference between two groups. 5. After electroplating, the difference in diameter between the three locations was withing 0.1´0.3% variation, and showed no statistical significance.

정량적관상동맥조영술의 정확도 및 재현도

조용근,황진용,박헌식,채성철,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.4

목적 : 정량적관상동맥조영술이 최근 널리 보급되고 있지만 국내외를 막론하고 이의 정확도 및 재현도에 관한 연구가 불충분하여 본 연구를 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 110명의 환자에서 미국 General Electric사의 Advantx L/C/LP 디지탈혈관찰영기와 미국 USCI사의 좌관상동맥용 Judkins형의 Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6F 도자를 이용하여 좌관상동맥조영술을 같은 각도에서 3회 실시하고 도자의 외경을 일본 Mitutoyo사의 정밀도 0.01㎜의 micrometer로 측정한 후 측정된 도자의 실제 직경과 정량적관상동맥조영술로 측정된 관상동맥의 직경을 비교하였다. 결 과 : USCI® Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6F 좌관상동맥용 도자의 실제 외경은 1.91±0.03㎜이었고 정량적관상동맥조영술로 측정 한 도자의 외경은 1.94±0.11㎜이었다. 도자를 5.7F로 calibration했을 매 도자의 외경은 1.87±0.12㎜이었다. 세번 다 다른 화상에서 측정한 경우 근위부관상동맥 직경의 차이는 0.02±0.12㎜이었고 같은 화상에서 3회 측정하였던 경우에는 0.11±0.01㎜이었다. 결론 : 정량적관상동맥조영술의 정확도 및 재현도는 사용에 적합한 정도이나 적지 않은 문제점에 대한 보완이 필요하다고 생각된다. During quantitaive coronary angiography(QCA), contrast filled catheter is usually used as a scaling device. However the real diamerer of catheter is almost always smaller than the listed diameter. We measured the real diameter of catheters with precision micrometer(Mitutoyo® Japan). After caliberating the catheter as listed French size and diameter, we did QCA at the same tube position of the diameters of catheter and proximal left coronary artery. All measurements were done 3 times consecutively. The mean real diameter of USCI® Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6 F left Judkin catheter was 1.91±0.03 ㎜. The mean QCA diamter of the same catheter was 1.94±0.11 ㎜. When we calibrated catheter as 1.91 ㎜. the mean QCA diameter was 1.87±0.12 ㎜. The mean differences of the diameters of the proximal left coronary artery were 0.20±0.12 ㎜ when the measurements were done in three different frames. When the measurements were done in the same frmae, the mean difference decreased to 0.11±0.01 ㎜. We conclude that the precision and reproducibility of QCA are within reasonable range, but more refimement is needed.

RFID를 적용한 항공물류 SCM 시스템의 설계 및 구현

형대진,김승구,이재윤,조현준,박경환 東亞大學校附設 情報技術硏究所 2005 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.13 No.1

The present the information sharing among the subjects was not enough in Airway Logisctics Industry, because each subject use the independent system. The Airway Logistics Network is suggestion, but the Airway Logistics Network dose not operate with efficient connection, because each subject attached to the connection among the internal system. If the RFID system which one of Auto-ID systems is introduce into Airway Logistics, an efficient management of Airway Logistics will be possible. In this Paper, we introduce the RFID system into Airway Logistics SCM system for an efficient management and an efficient information sharing. We also develop Airway Logistics SCM system with priority given to Forwarder which is occupy an important position in Airway Logistics industry.

Resilon을 이용한 근관충전 시 수종의 치면처리제에 따른 미세누출 평가

오종현,박세희,신혜진,조경모,김진우 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.2

이 실험의 목적은 Resilon으로 근관충전된 치아에서 자가산부식전처리제에 따른 치근단 미세누출을 평가하고자 함이다. 70개의 단근치를 사응하였고 .04 Taper ProFile을 사용하여 ISO #40까지 근관성형 하였다. 치아는 근관충전 재료와 자가산부식 전처리제에 따라서 15개씩 4개의 실험군과 5개씩 2개의 대조군으로 나누었다. 실험 치아는 치아 장축에 평행하게 잘라내어 염색액의 최대 침투 길이를 측정하였다. 통계분석은 One-way ANOVA test로 분석하였으며 Scheffe test로 사후검정 하였다. 실험결과 자가산부식전처리제를 사용한 2, 3, 4군 사이에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 1군과 4군 사이에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났으며 (p < 0.05), 1군에서 가장 적은 치근단 미세누출을 나타냈다. 이 실험 결과에 따르면 Resilon으로 근관충전을 한 치아는 gutta percha와 AH26^(ⓡ)으로 근관충전할 치아와 비교했을 때 더 좋은 치근단 밀폐를 나타내지 않는다는 결론을 얻었으며, Resilon을 사용하여 근관충전을 한 경우에 자가산부식 전처리제의 차이에 따른 치근단 밀폐효과의 차이를 보이지 않는다는 결론을 얻었다. The purpose of this study was to compare the apical microleakage in root canal filled with Resilon by several self-etching primers and methacrylate-based root canal sealer. Seventy single-rooted human teeth were used in this study. The canals were instrumented by a crown-down manner with Gate-Glidden drills and .04 Taper Profile to ISO #40. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups of 15 teeth each according to root canal filling material and self-etching primers and two control groups (positive and negative) of 5 teeth each as follows: group 1 - gutta percha and AH26^(ⓡ) sealer; group 2 - Resilon, RealSeal™ primer and RealSeal™ sealer; group 3 - Resilon, Clearfil SE Bond^(ⓡ) primer and RealSeal™ sealer group 4 - Resilon, AdheSe^(ⓡ) primer and RealSeal™ sealer. Apical leakage was measured by a maximum length of linear dye penetration of roots sectioned longitudinally by diamond disk. Statistical analysis was performed using the One-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe' s test. There were no statistical differences in the mean apical dye penetration among the groups 2, 3 and 4 of self-etching primers. And group 1, 2 and 3 had also no statistical difference in apical dye penetration. But, there was statistical difference between group 1 and 4 (p < 0.05). The group 1 showed the least dye penetration. According to the results of this study, Resilon with self-etching primer was not sealed root canal better than gutta precha with AH26^(ⓡ) at sealing root canals. And there was no significant difference in apical leakage among the three self-etching primers.

Ipriflavone 투여가 백서의 실험적 치아이동 후 치주조직의 재형성에 미치는 영향

민지현,조진형,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.5

본 연구는 치아이동 후 ipriflavone 투여가 치주조직의 재형성, 나아가 치아회귀 억제에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 웅성 백서 72마리를 대상으로 상악 좌우측 제1, 2구치 사이에 교정용 고무밴드를 끼워 제1, 2구치를 3주간 이동시킨 다음, 교정용 고무밴드 제거 1일 전부터 매일 체중 kg당 50 mg 또는 400 mg의 ipriflavone을 투여한 실험군과 ipriflavone을 투여하지 않은 대조군으로 구분하였다. 교정용 고무밴드를 제거함으로써 회귀가 나타나기 시작한 날로부터 5일 간격으로 15일까지 각각 실험동물을 희생시켜가며 치아회귀 거리를 계측하는 한편 치주조직 재형성 소견을 관찰하였다. Ipriflavone을 투여하고 치아회귀를 관찰한 결과 용량에 관계없이 대조군에 비하여 적은 양의 회귀를 나타내었으며 시간 간격에 따른 치아회귀를 관찰한 결과 대부분의 회귀가 5일째 나타난 대조군과 달리, 늦게 그리고 점진적으로 나타나는 양상을 보였다. Ipriflavone을 투여하고 조직소견을 관찰한 결과 대조군에 비하여 치조골연이 매끄러운 양상을 보였으며 시간 간격에 따른 조직소견을 관찰한 결과 대조군에 비하여 치주인대 재배열이 빠르게 나타나는 양상을 보였다. 이상의 결과는 ipriflavone의 투여가 치주조직의 재형성을 통하여 회귀를 억제함으로 교정적 치아이동 후 보정에 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of ipriflavone on periodontal reorganization and prevention of relapse following tooth movement. Methods: Orthodontic rubber bands were inserted between the first and second maxillary molars of 27 white male rats for 3 weeks for experimental tooth movement. From one day before the removal of orthodontic rubber band, ipriflavone was administered 50 or 400 mg/kg daily in each experimental group whereas carboxymethyl cellulose solution was administered in the control group. They were sacrificed at the 5, 10, and 15th day from the day of removal of orthodontic rubber bands. The amount of relapse was evaluated by measuring the interdental space, and the extent of periodontal reorganization was compared through histological examination. Results: In case of ipriflavone administration, the amount and velocity of relapse was less and slower compared to the control group. In addition, the ipriflavone group showed more rapid periodontal reorganization compared to the control group. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that ipriflavone administration can be used effectively in the prevention of relapse following orthodontic tooth movement through the acceleration of periodontal reorganization.