RNA silencing-mediated resistance is related to biotic/abiotic stresses and cellular RdRp expression in transgenic tobacco plants

( Xiao Liang Wu ),( Wen Cui Hou ),( Mei Mei Wang ),( Xiao Ping Zhu ),( Fang Li ),( Jie Dao Zhang ),( Xin Zheng Li ),( Xing Qi Guo ) 생화학분자생물학회 2008 BMB Reports Vol.41 No.5

Phylogeny and molecular evolution of the DMC1 gene within the StH genome species in Triticeae (Poaceae)

Xiao-Li Wang,Xing Fan,Jian Zeng,Li-Na Sha,Hai-Qin Zhang,Hou-Yang Kang,Rui-Wu Yang,Li Zhang,Chun-Bang Ding,Yong-Hong Zhou 한국유전학회 2012 Genes & Genomics Vol.34 No.3

To estimate the phylogeny and molecular evolution of a single-copy nuclear disrupted meiotic cDNA (DMC1) gene within the StH genome species, two DMC1 homoeologous sequences were isolated from nearly all the sampled StH genome species and were analyzed with those from seven diploid taxa representing the St and H genomes in Triticeae. Sequence diversity patterns and genealogical analysis suggested that (1) there is a close relationship among North American StH genome species;(2) the DMC1 gene sequences of the StH genome species from North America and Eurasia are evolutionarily distinct;(3) the StH genome polyploids have higher levels of sequence diversity in the St genome homoeolog than the H genome homoeolog;(4) the DMC1 sequence may evolve faster in the polyploid species than in the diploids; (5) high dN and dN/dS values in the St genome within polyploid species could be caused by low selective constraints or AT-biased mutation pressure. Our result provides some insight on evolutionary dynamics of duplicate DMC1 gene, the polyploidization events and phylogeny of the StH genome species.

The characteristic analysis of the operational overvoltage caused by the vacuum circuit breakers on High-speed trains

Xiao Song,Tong Mengyuan,Rao Yang,Li Yuhang,Ye Zhizong,Shen Yixiang,Hou Hao,Gao Guoqiang,Wu Guangning,Jin Yaoyao,Zhou Jie,Liu Jie 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.1

Along with the operating velocity and traction power increasing continuously, the issue related to the safety and reliability of the high-voltage traction power system for high-speed trains have gradually been exposed during the practical service process. When the train passes a neutral section settled roughly per 15 km between two neighboring substations, the on-board vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) must to be operated for changing the input powers with diff erent phases. At the moment of switching on or off the VCB, the arc between the contacts in the arc-extinguishing chamber may be triggered, which tends to result in the operational overvoltage. Due to numerous inductances and capacitances existing in the traction power supply system, the overvoltage may lead to high-frequency electromagnetic oscillation spreading along the transmission routes. The on-board high-voltage equipments within the power supply system may suff er from the impulse brought from the VCB operational overvoltage frequently, which is possible to cause the insulation aging or breakdown issue. To investigate the characteristic of the operational overvoltage of VCBs, a ‘train-rail-catenary’ power supply model is built based on the measured impedance parameters, which has been verifi ed by the experimental tests. The generating mechanism with the infl uence factors of the operational overvoltage when switching on or off the VCB has been explored, meanwhile the distribution of the train body overvoltage on each carriage has also been presented.

Nanoparticle Realgar Powders Induce Apoptosis in U937 Cells through Caspase MAPK and Mitochondrial Pathways

Xiao-bo Wang,Hui-yuan Gao,Bai-ling Hou,Jian Huang,Rong-gang Xi,Li-jun Wu 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.5

Nanoparticle realgar powders (NRP) inhibited U937 cell growth in a time and dose-dependent manner. U937 cells treated with NRP showed typical characteristics of apoptosis including the morphological changes and DNA fragmentation. Caspase family inhibitor (z-VAD-fmk), caspase-8, -9 inhibitor (z-IETD-fmk, Ac-LEHD-CHO, respectively) and caspase-3 inhibitor (z- DEVD-fmk) partially prevented NRP -induced apoptosis. Moreover, the classical substrates of caspase-3, poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) was degraded after U937 cells treatment with NRP. In addition, NRP increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression. Although p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and ERK inhibitor (PD98059) failed to block cell death, JNK inhibitor (SP600125) had marked inhibitory effects on NRP -induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of JNK was up-regulated, suggesting that JNK was responsible for NRP -induced apoptosis in U937 cells. These results suggested that the caspase, mitochondria and MAPK signal pathways were involved in NRP-induced U937 apoptosis.

Study on Genetic Diversity of Six Duck Populations with Microsatellite DNA

Wu, Yan,Liu, Xiao-Lin,Hou, Shui-Sheng,Huang, Wei Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.6

In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of six duck populations by employing the genetic polymorphisms of 20 microsatellites. The parameters used in this study included number of alleles, average effective numbers of alleles (E) and average rates of heterozygosity of each population. The results showed that all the microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic except that the locus AJ515896 in Muscovy duck was 0. The average PIC (0.762), average h (0.7843) and average E (5.261) of the six duck populations were all high, indicating that the gene polymorphisms and genetic diversity were high. The test of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium showed that the six populations in this study were all in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium. The F-statistic analysis results showed the range of FST was from 0.0205 (AJ515895) to 0.2558 (AJ515896). The mean FST was 0.0936. Phylogenetic study revealed that Peking duck (Z1 and Z4), Shaoxing duck, Cherry Valley duck and Aobaixing duck were clustered in one group, while the Muscovy duck was clustered in one group alone. The phylogenetic relationships among different populations were in accordance with their breeding history and distribution. Our data suggested that the 20 microsatellite loci were effective markers for analysis of genetic relationships among duck populations.

In Vitro and in Vivo Antitumor Evaluation of Berbamine for Lung Cancer Treatment

Hou, Zhi-Bo,Lu, Kai-Jin,Wu, Xiao-Li,Chen, Cong,Huang, Xin-En,Yin, Hai-Tao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

Purpose: Lung cancer, one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the world, is characterized by relatively high morbidity and mortality. Berbamine (BER) has been initially reported to exert anti-proliferative effects against a series of cancers. Methods: In this study the in vitro cytotoxicity of BER was measured by MTT assay. In vivo anti-cancer efficacy of BER was assessed in A549 xenografts. Results: Cytotoxicity tests showed dose-dependent cell growth inhibition effects of BER against A549 cells. Moreover, BER significantly reduced the growth of lung cancer in a dose-dependent manner in nude mice with prolonged survival time. Conclusion: Therefore, BER might be in herbal medicine for cancer therapy and further efforts are needed to explore therapeutic strategies.

Mangiferin loaded magnetic PCEC microspheres: preparation, characterization and antitumor activity studies in vitro

WenJing Xiao,Jun Hou,Jie Ma,BoTao Yu,JianDong Ren,WeiHua Jin,Juan Wu,DeZhi Zheng,KaiHua Fan 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.8

Mangiferin is a promising effective chemopreventiveagent against various tumors. However, itsclinical use is limited by poor water solubility and lowbioavailability. In this article, mangiferin loaded magneticPCEC microspheres (MG-MS) were designed, characterizedand the antitumor activity of MG-MS was evaluatedin vitro. The magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) were synthesizedvia the high-temperature reaction of ironacetylacetonate in phenyl ether in the presence of oleic acidand oleylamine. Poly (ε-caprolactone)-poly (ethyleneglycol)-poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL, PCEC)copolymers were formed by ring-opening copolymerizationof ε-CL initiated by PEG-diol using Sn(Oct)2 as acatalyst and MG-MS were prepared by solvent diffusionmethod. MNP, PCEC copolymer, and MG-MS werecharacterized by GPC, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, 1H-NMP andMalvern Laser Particle Sizer. Meanwhile, the antiproliferativeactivity in vitro and in vitro release behavior of thismicrospheres were studied in detail. The results indicatethat the obtained magnetic microspheres might have greatpotential as an effective carrier for mangiferin used incancer chemotherapy.

Non-Doped Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Saturated Red Emission

Fei Xiao,Bing-xian Shao,Huan-rong Wu,Hui-ying Fu,Xiao-yuan Hou,Xin-dong Gao,Yi-qiang Zhan 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.2

Non-doped organic light-emitting diodes with saturated red emission were fabricated using 4-(2-(3,3-dicyanomethylene-5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexylidene)vinyl)phenyldi(1-naphthyl)amine (DNP-2CN) or 4-(2-(3,3-dicyanomethylene-5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexylidene)vinyl)phenyl(1-naphthyl)phe- nylamine (DPN-2CN) as the emitting layer. Different electron-transporting materials, tris(8-hydroxylquinoline) aluminum (Alq$_3$), 2,2',2''-(1,3,5-phenylene)tris[1-phenyl-1$H$-benzimidazole] (TPBI) and 2-(4-biphenyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD), were introduced into the devices for examining their energy level compatibility of DNP-2CN or DPN-2CN. The device with a structure of ITO/ NPB/ DNP-2CN/ BCP/ Alq$_3$/ LiF/ Al showed red emission with $\lambda_{max}$ at 670 nm (CIE coordinates: $x$ = 0.66, $y$ = 0.33) and a high luminance of 438 cd m$^{-2}$ at a driving voltage of 12 V. The device with a structure of ITO/ NPB/ DPN-2CN/ BCP/ Alq$_3$/ LiF/ Al showed a high brightness of 225 cd m$^{-2}$ at a driving voltage of 12 V with $\lambda_{max}$ at 674 nm (CIE coordinates: $x$ = 0.65, $y$ = 0.33).

Targeting Renal Cell Carcinoma with Gambogic Acid in Combination with Sunitinib in Vitro and in Vivo

Jiang, Xiao-Liang,Zhang, Yao,Luo, Chun-Li,Wu, Xiao-Hou Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Purpose: To evaluated the effect of the gambogic acid (GA), one of the effective components of Garcinia, in combination with a new multi-targeted oral medication, sunitinib (SU) on renal cancer cell proliferation in vitro and on tumor growth in vivo. Methods: After treatment with GA or SU, either alone or in combination, MTT and FACS analysis were used to examine cell viability and cycle distribution of the renal carcinoma cell lines 786-0 and Caki-1. Western blotting was employed to examine the expression of proteins related to the cell cycle and vascular formation. Furthermore, a xenograft model was applied to study the antitumor efficacy of SU or GA alone or in combination, with immunohistochemistry to detect expression of proteins related to xenograft growth and angiogenesis. Western blotting was used to examine NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway elements in xenografts. Results: Treatment of 786-0 and Caki-1 cells with GA or SU resulted in decreased tumor cell proliferation, especially with joint use. Cells accumulated more strongly in the sub-G1 phase after joint treatment with GA and SU than treatment of GA and SU alone. Western blotting arrays showed 1 protein significantly upregulated, 2 proteins downregulated, and 2 proteins unchanged. Moreover, combined use of GA and SU inhibited the growth and angiogenesis of xenografts generated from Caki-1 significantly. Immunohistochemistry arrays showed downregulation of the expression of proteins promoting xenograft growth and angiogenesis, and Western blotting showed inhibition of the NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway after treatment by GA alone and in combination with SU in xenografts. Conclusions: Our results show that the joint use of GA and SU can provide greater antitumor efficacy compared to either drug alone and thus may offer a new treatment strategy for renal cell carcinoma.

Nanoparticle Realgar Powders Induce Apoptosis in U937 Cells through Caspase MAPK and Mitochondrial Pathways

Wang, Xiao-bo,Gao, Hui-Yuan,Hou, Bai-ling,Huangi, Jian,Xi, Rong-gang,Wu, Li-Jun 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.5

School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Department of Pharmacy, Department of traditional Chinese MeNanoparticle realqar powders (NRP) inhibited U937 cell growth in a time and dose-dependent manner. U937 cells treated with NRP showed typical characteristics of apoptosis including the morphological changes and DNA fragmentation. Caspase family inhibitor (z-VAD-fmk), caspase-8, -9 inhibitor (z-IETD-fmk, Ac-LEHD-CHO, respectively) and caspase-3 inhibiter (z-DEVD-fmk) partially prevented NRP -induced apoptosis. Moreover, the classical substrates of caspase-3 poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) was degraded after U937 cells treatment with NRP. In audition, NRP Increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression. Although p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and ERK inhibitor (PD98059) failed to block cell death, JNK inhibitor(SP600125) had marked inhibitory effects on NRP -induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of JNK was up-regulated, suggesting that JNK was responsible for NRP -induced apoptosis in U937 cells. These results suggested that the caspase, mitochondria and MAPK signal pathways were involved in NRP-induced U937 apoptosis.