정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

An Improved Speech Processing Strategy for Cochlear Implants Based on an Active Nonlinear Filterbank Model of the Biological Cochlea

Kim $^$, Kyung Hwan,Choi, Sung Jin,Kim, Jin Ho,Kim, Doo Hee IEEE 2009 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Vol.56 No.3

<P>The purpose of this study was to improve the speech processing strategy for cochlear implants (CIs) based on a nonlinear time-varying filter model of a biological cochlea. The level-dependent frequency response characteristic of the basilar membrane is known to produce robust formant representation and speech perception in noise. A dual resonance nonlinear (DRNL) model was adopted because it is simpler than other adaptive nonlinear models of the basilar membrane and can be readily incorporated into the CI speech processor. Spectral analysis showed that formant information is more saliently represented at the output of the proposed CI speech processor compared to the conventional strategy in noisy conditions. Acoustic simulation and hearing experiments showed that the DRNL-based nonlinear strategy improves speech performance in a speech-spectrum-shaped noise.</P>

A Study on the legal aspects of foreign investments in Korea

Kim, Doo Hwan金斗煥 숭실대학교 법학연구소 1993 法學論叢 Vol.6 No.-

수출입 컨테이너 장치장 배정을 위한 소프트웨어의 개발

김갑환,김홍배,홍봉희,김기영,배종욱,최진오,김두열,이영기,박영만,박강태,손행대 한국경영과학회 1995 經營 科學 Vol.12 No.3

The Pusan Container Terminal faces a rapid increase in berthing time of container ships as well as in waiting time of external trucks, which is due to an absolute lack of yard space. This research is focused on the development of a decision support system for the planning of the container terminal yard assignment so that the yard space would be utilized most effectively. Efforts should be given to the reasonable assignment of the yard storage and the dynamic adaptation to the ever changing environment. The software introduced here is based o the know-how of the field exports and its framework takes the approach of the hierarchical decision making.

안근성 중증근무력증이 동반된 갑상선 기능항진증의 임상상 : Report of Six Cases

서지영,김두만,김현규,최철수,임성희,유재명,최문기,유형준,박성우,김형철,송홍기,김덕환 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

Carbon/Epoxy 복합재료 적층판의 반복하중횟수에 따른 피로 거동에 대한 연구

김두환,김영필 서울産業大學校 2005 논문집 Vol.54 No.2

Currently the situation of composite materials technology prosperity more from day to day. But civil engineering's technology remains to the construction materials of the old era yet. Because of composite material's theory is so complicated that it couldn't application of construction structural engineering easily. For making an application in construction parts of the composite material's complicated theory needs to accumulation of data by the help of study and experiment(demonstrate). Thus, this study is conducted research and analysis about the Influence of repeated loading cycles on Strength Ratio of the high quality material which is Carbon/Epoxy Composite Laminates through the test of tensile and fatigue Characteristics, based on it, construction engineers will can apply composite materials to construction technical without difficulty.

지능형 내시경용 초소형 형상기억합금 엑츄에이터의 제작 및 특성에 관한 연구

김민성,박두환,박현철,이준탁 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2001 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.9 No.1

A SMA actuator fabricated in this paper generates the large force and it's structure is very simple. The SMA actuator was fabricated by small size with diameter of 9mm and length of 27mm and also it's actuations toward all the directions can be acquired because of three springs which was fabricated with diameter of 2.4mm and 28 turns. We showed into applicability to smart catheter by analysing accurately the dynamic characteristics such as heading angle, force, displacement.

생물학적 유동층의 Media 충진량에 따른 미생물 농도 변화

김환기,최두형,박찬수 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1998 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.1

The variation of microbiological concentration with packed volume of media was examined in the biological fludized bed which has swirl flow. The TOC and HRT of synthetic wastewater was kept with 70 ㎎/ℓ and 1.6 hr in the reactor, respectively. The mean grain size of sand as media was 0.397 mm and its volume was packed from 20 % to 60 % in the reactor. The experiment results from the above conditions were the treatment efficiency of 87.5 to 93.7 %, the MLVSS of 2,360 to 3,860 ㎎/ℓ, and the microbiological concentration per g-media of 8.4 to 17.3 ㎎/ℓ. The detailed results are as follows. 1) The continuous operation was possible in the biological fludized bed which has swirl flow, not existing fludized bed. 2) The whole microbiological concentration in the reactor was the highest at packing the media volume of 40 to 45 % and the microbiological concentration per g-media was the highest at packing the media volume of 25 %. In the viewpoint of SS, the best packing volume of media was 35 to 45 % in that the separation of microbes were the lowest. 3) From SEM photographs, it showed as that cocci and bacillus adhere to and grow on the media surface

레소르신올의 아조짝지움 反應에 關한 硏究

金容仁,吳亮煥,尹斗善 弘益大學校 1987 弘大論叢 Vol.19 No.2

The coupling reactions of resorcinol with diazotized aniline and 6 sorts of monosubstituted benzenediazonium salts have been studied kinetically in aqueous solution buffered at pH 5.70. The coupling reaction with diazotized p-nitroaniline proceeded 500 times more rapidly than that with the benzenediazonium salt, which was coupled 20 times faster than that with the diazotized p-anisidine. The fact that the rate of coupling reaction depended an the ionic strength and pH of the medium showed that the reaction was followed by Bartlett's mechanism explaining the reaction between phenolate ion and diazonium ion. Base catalysis of pyridine an the azocoupling of resorcinol with p-methylbenzene-diazonium salt indicated the dependence of this reaction an two step mechanism. The activation energies measured in the coupling reaction of resorcinol with diazotized aniline, p-nitroaniline, sulfanilic acid, p-bromoaniline, p-chloroaniline, p-toluidine, and p-anisidine, were 11.25, 5.85, 7.43, 8.73, 9.72, 12.40, and 13.61 Kcal/mol, respectively. A linear free energy relationship has been essentially observed except for some para substituted active component, for which the extended Hammett plot treated by Yukawa-Tsuno permitted a good linear relationship with three para substituted active components when considering the mesomeric effect. The calculated reaction constant of these azocoupling reactions was ρ=3. 75, and the reaction constant of resonance contribution was calculated as r=0.31 at 20℃.

고속 플라즈마 진단용 능동회로의 설계 및 응용

김두환,이우근,박정후 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1995 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.49 No.-

본 논문에서는 자화 플라즈마의 파라메타를 측정할 수 있는 고속 푸르브 구동시스템을 구현하였다. 이 시스템은 1[msec] 이내에 -40 - +40[V]에 이르는 톱니파 전압을 푸르브에 인가시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 2회 연속 미분을 행하여 전자에너지 분포함수를 구할 수 있었다. 이와 같이 고속 푸르브 구동시스템 및 2회 연속 미분회로를 이용하여 고속으로 거의 전형적인 푸르브 특성곡선을 얻을 수 있었고 2회 연속 미분회로로써 얻어진 전자에너지 분포하수에서 플라즈마의 중심부 보다 플라즈마의 가장자리에 고에너지를 가진 전자들이 많이 분포함을 알 수 있었다. In this paper ,we have realized the high speed probe driving circuit system which can measure the plasma parameters of magnetoplasma. By this system, the probe voltage can be seeped in a 1[msec] order. In addition, we can obtain the electron energy distribution function in magnetoplasma by using two differentiators. In this study, we obtain a complete probe characteristics, and find that the electron energy measured at the edge of plasma is larger than of electron measured at the center of plasma