Hemostatic materials in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage

Don Haeng Lee,Weonjin Ko 소화기인터벤션의학회 2020 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.9 No.1

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Hemostatic materials in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage

Don Haeng Lee,Weonjin Ko 소화기인터벤션의학회 2020 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.9 No.1

Pretreatment alanine transaminase level may not be the most important predictor of HBeAg loss in the older patient

Lee, Jung Il,Park, Hyun Joo,Lee, Jin Woo,Kim, Young Soo,Jeong, Seok,Lee, Don Haeng,Kim, Hyung Gil,Shin, Yong Woon,Kwon, Kye Sook Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Liver international Vol.29 No.2

<P>Abstract</P><P>Background</P><P>Elevated pretreatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) over two times the upper limit of normal reference range has been accepted as a marker for predicting HBeAg loss and an indicator for initiating antiviral therapy. Recently, several opinions argued that in patients aged over 40 years, the treatment should be started if they have elevated serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA without elevated ALT. However, initiating treatment in these patients might be argued against by the concept that the rate of HBeAg loss depends on the pretreatment ALT.</P><P>Aim</P><P>This study was conducted to investigate the usefulness of pretreatment ALT in predicting HBeAg loss in patients aged over 40 years under lamivudine treatment.</P><P>Methods</P><P>We retrospectively analyzed 820 HBeAg-positive patients treated with lamivudine. The patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at or after initiating the lamivudine treatment and patients with evident liver cirrhosis were excluded. Three hundred fifty-five patients met the criteria and were divided into two groups: ≤40 years of age (Group 1) and >40 years of age (Group 2).</P><P>Results</P><P>Analysis using the Kaplan–Meier method and the log rank test showed that the cumulative rate of HBeAg loss was not different in the two groups. Multivariate modelling indicated that an elevated pretreatment ALT level was a predictor of HBeAg loss in Group 1 (<I>P</I><0.05), whereas it failed to act as a predictor in Group 2.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>Antiviral therapy might not need to be deferred until the ALT level increases in order to enhance the chance of HbeAg loss in HBV DNA-(+) patients aged over 40 years.</P>

Lecture 2: Collaborative Research for Clinical Unmet Needs

( Don Haeng Lee ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

최근 정부과제의 동향은 연구자 수요보다는 의료현장의 수요를 충족하기 위한 제품을 개발하기 위한 과제가 증가되고 있다. 따라서 필요한 컨소시엄 구성이 과제마다 상이하기 때문에 임상의사의 참여가 반드시 요구되는 과제에서 임상의사의 강점을 부각시킬 수 있는 전략이 필요하다. 실제로 과제 지원 시 중요한 평가요소는 연구과제의 창의성, 연구내용 및 추진체계의 우수 성, 연구책임자의 우수성, 기대 및 파급효과 등이다. 이러한 평가요소들 중 임상적 필요성을 개발 초기단계부터 임상의사들의 참여로 제품의 임상적 유용성을 극대화하는 것이 임상의사들의 중요한 역할이라 판단된다. 임상의들의 미충족수요를 해결하기 위해서는 공학자, 약학자 또는 기초의학자 등과의 협력이 필수적이다. 이를 위해서는 임 상의들이 융합연구에 대한 적극적인 자세가 필요한데 연구하고자 하는 분야의 전문가를 찾아보고 초청하여 강의를 듣고 실제 임상현장에서의 개발이 필요한 부분을 설명하고 관련된 국가과제에 같이 지원하는 것 등이 실질적인 방법 중의 하나라고 생각 한다. 임상의는 공학을 모르고 공학자는 임상적 의의를 모르는 경우가 많기 때문에 병원에 초청하여 실제 현장에서의 필요성을 설명 하는 것이 중요하다. 예를 들면 내시경과 관련된 연구개발을 하는데 공학자들이 내시경을 이해하지 못하면 개발이 실패할 가 능성이 높기 때문에 실제 내시경시술 장면을 보게 되면 개발 타겟을 확실히 알게 되므로 성공가능성을 높일 수 있다. 이러한 융합연구에 있어 열린 마음으로 서로 신뢰하는 자세가 연구 못지않게 중요하다.

Development of Worm-like Polymeric Drug Carriers with Multiple Ligands for Targeting Heterogeneous Breast Cancer Cells

Lee, A-Hyeong,Oh, Kyung-Taek,Baik, Hye-Jung,Lee, Bo-Reum,Oh, Young-Taik,Lee, Don-Haeng,Lee, Eun-Seong Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.8

In this study, wormorm-like polymeric micelles were construted from poly(L-lactic acid)-b-poly(ethyelen glycol) (PLLA-b-PEG) block copolymers via worm-like (or cylindrical) self- assembly that consisted of a relatively long PLLA block ($M_n$ 7K Daltons) at the core and a relatively short PEG block ($M_n$ 2K Daltons) as the shell. Several cancer-targeting moieties (such as folate, cobalamin, and cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD) peptide) were chemically coupled with the succinylated or maleimided PEG block of PLLA-b-PEG to act as a cancer cell-specific targeting ligand for breast cancer. The worm-like micelles with muplite cancer cell-specific ligands proved to be successful in recognizing different breast cancer cells at once. This has the potential to aid in cancer-specific drug delivery and to be used as an effective treatment for breast cancer.

Morin Protects Acute Liver Damage by Carbon Tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) in Rat

Lee, Hee-Seung,Jung, Kyung-Hee,Hong, Sang-Won,Park, In-Sub,Lee, Chong-Mu,Han, Hyo-Kyung,Lee, Don-Haeng,Hong, Soon-Sun 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.9

The purpose of this study was to investigate possible beneficial effects of morin on $CCl_4$-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. Rats received a single dose of $CCl_4$ ($150{\mu}L$/100 g 1:1 in corn oil). Morin treatment (20 mg/kg) was given at 48, 24, and 2 h before $CCl_4$ administration. $CCl_4$ challenge elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, but these effects were prevented by the pretreatment of rats with morin. To identify the mechanism of protective activity of morin in $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, we investigated expressions of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-$\alpha$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS). The expressions of TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and iNOS were increased by $CCl_4$ treatment and increased expressions of those were decreased by morin. These findings suggest that morin prevents acute liver damage by inhibiting the production of TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and iNOS.

중학생의 성별과 신체상에 따른 체육개념 및 체육목표의 차이

이정흔(Lee, Jeong-Heun),이동진(Lee, Dong-Jin),서재하(Seo, Jae-Ha),이문숙(Lee, Moon-Suck),오병돈(Oh, Byoung-Don),조민행(Cho, Min-Haeng),조병준(Cho, Byung-Jun) 한국산학기술학회 2010 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.12

이 연구는 중학생의 성별 및 신체상에 따른 체육목표 및 체육개념에 대한 인식수준을 분석하는 것으로, 중 학생을 대상으로 유층집락무선표집법을 이용하여 남학생 267명, 여학생 166명 등의 총 443명을 표집하였다. 연구목적 을 위해 사용된 도구는 Figure Rating Scale(FRS)과 체육목표 및 개념에 관한 설문지이며, 수집된 자료는 Windows용 SPSS/PC Ver 12.0 프로그램을 이용하였다. 조사대상자의 성별에 따른 체육개념 및 목표의 차이를 분석하기 위해서 t- 검증을 실시하였으며, 조사대상자의 신체상에 따른 체육개념 및 체육목표의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 일원변량분산분 석을 실시하였고, Scheffe의 사후검정을 실시하였다. 이러한 분석을 통해 첫째, 중학생의 체육의 개념과 목표에 대한 인식에서 남학생이 여학생 보다 높은 인식을 가지고 있었다. 둘째, 정상 체형의 중학생이 다른 체형의 중학생에 비해 체육개념과 목표에 대한 인식도가 높았다. 이러한 결과는 올바른 신체상과 건강한 체형을 형성 유지할 수 있도록, 또 한 여학생에게도 체육개념과 체육목표를 경험으로서, 문화재생산으로서, 교과내용을 경험할 수 있도록 포괄적인 개념 의 범위와 계열 및 계획된 수업진행이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in perception levels of goals and concepts of physical education by the body image and gender of middle school students. Among 461 middle students randomly selected by a multistaged cluster sampling technique, 433 students(boys 267, girls 166) filled out questionnaires consisted of Figure Rating Scale and modified ones. To know the differences in the perception levels of goal and concept of physical education by sex, t-test was utilized. In order to find out the differences in the perception levels of goal and concept of physical education by body image, ANOVA was performed using the SPSS Windows 12.0. The results of this study revealed that boys had higher level of goal and concept of physical education than girls. Second, middle school students classified into normal body image was higher level of goal and concept of physical education that other body images such as very thin, thin, very obese, and obese ones. The results of this study indicated that curriculum of physical education focused on fragmentation of health, psychomotor, cognitive, affective, leisure, holistic human should make girls understand thoroughly and deeply goals and concepts of physical education and ideal body image

원발성 간내 담관세포암의 임상적 고찰

이돈행(Don Haeng Lee),송시영(Si Young Song),전재윤(Chae Yoon Chon),한광협(Kwang Hyub Han),정재복(Jae Bock Chung),문영명(Young Myoung Moon),강진경(Jin Kyung Kang),박인서(In Suh Park) 대한소화기학회 1995 대한소화기학회지 Vol.27 No.6

N/A Background/Aims: Intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma is devided into the peripheral and hilar type according to the location. The clinical features of hilar type is similar to that of extrahe- patic bile duct cancer and the peripheral type similar to the hepatocellular carcinoma. We conducted this study to identify the differences of clinical characteristics and survival rates between the hilar and peripheral type. Methods: We analyzed 42 cases with intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma who were histologically confirmed from January 1981 to December 1990 at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University. Results: The mean age was 57.2 years, the male to female ratio 2.2 to 1. The most common symptom was abdominal pain(83.3%), jaundice was more frequently encountered in hilar type(33.3%) than peripheral type(6.7%) and abdominal mass more common in peripheral type(48.4%) than hilar type(11.1%). Associated diseases were infestation of Clonorchis sinensis(19.0%), liver cirrhosis(19.0%) and intrahepatic bile duct stones(7.1%). The elevation of serum CEA(more than 5 ng/ml) was noted in 52.0%. On abdominal ultrasonography, the hypere- choic pattern in hilar type and the hypoechoic pattern in peripheral type were commonly noted. The hepatic arterial angiography showed mostly hypovascular pattem(72.7%). Local invasion was more frequent in hilar type than peripheral type, however distant metastasis was more common in peripheral type. The overall median survival of 36 cases was 5.5 months, and hilar type 5.3 months and peripheral type 5.9 months. According to the treatment modalities, the survival rates in cases underwent curative resection(median survival; 12.5 months) and in cases with combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hyperthermia(median survival; 9.6 months) were significantly higher than that of no treatment group(median survival; 2.0 months)(pC0.05). Conclusions: To improve the survival in cases with intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma, the efforts to diagnose in early stage should be recommanded, especially in the high risk group such as the patients with Clonorchiasis and intrahepatic bile duct stones. Additionally we should remind the differences including the pattern of metastasis between hilar and peripheral types in the management of these patients. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1995;27: 679 - 689)

Measurement of Hepatic Functional Reserve by Functional Liver Imaging

이진우 ( Lee Jin U ),조혜진 ( Jo Hye Jin ),김정은 ( Kim Jeong Eun ),이정일 ( Lee Jeong Il ),정석 ( Jeong Seog ),권계숙 ( Kwon Gye Sug ),이돈행 ( Lee Don Haeng ),김범수 ( Kim Beom Su ),김형길 ( Kim Hyeong Gil ),신용운 ( Sin Yong U 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2003 No.-

<Purpose> To evaluate the feasibility of functional liver imaging (FLI) as a new method for measuring hepatic functional reserve (HFR). <Materials and Methods> Twenty-two patients with cirrhotic liver with various functional impairments (Child-Pugh [CP] c

소화기영역에서의 약물방출스텐트

이돈행 ( Don Haeng Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2007 대한소화기학회지 Vol.49 No.5

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers cause obstruction of the GI tract including biliary tree. In advanced GI cancer, endoscopic stent insertion is the treatment of choice. However, the current stent allows only mechanical palliation of obstructed GI tract and has no anti-tumor effect. The primary role of a drug eluting stent (DES) in gastrointestinal malignancy is that it decreases the tumor re-growth and sustains the stent patency. This might not be as impressive as the effect of a vascular DES which decreases the incidence of restenosis and thus increases the survival rate of the patient. However, in terms of improving the quality of life of the patient, maintaining the stent patency is one of the most important task of GI doctors. With an advanced technology in stent production, Korea would be able to play an active role in the field of DES especially with more advanced anti-tumor effect. Moreover, advances in this type of drug delivery system will enable the development of local treatment of GI malignancy using endoscopy. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2007;49:294-299)