Bagging deep convolutional autoencoders trained with a mixture of real data and GAN-generated data

( Cong Hu ),( Xiao-jun Wu ),( Zhen-qiu Shu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.11

While deep neural networks have achieved remarkable performance in representation learning, a huge amount of labeled training data are usually required by supervised deep models such as convolutional neural networks. In this paper, we propose a new representation learning method, namely generative adversarial networks (GAN) based bagging deep convolutional autoencoders (GAN-BDCAE), which can map data to diverse hierarchical representations in an unsupervised fashion. To boost the size of training data, to train deep model and to aggregate diverse learning machines are the three principal avenues towards increasing the capabilities of representation learning of neural networks. We focus on combining those three techniques. To this aim, we adopt GAN for realistic unlabeled sample generation and bagging deep convolutional autoencoders (BDCAE) for robust feature learning. The proposed method improves the discriminative ability of learned feature embedding for solving subsequent pattern recognition problems. We evaluate our approach on three standard benchmarks and demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to traditional unsupervised learning methods.

Adsorption and sensing characteristics of air decomposed species onto pyridine-like PdN3-doped CNT: a first-principles study

Cong Hu,Qiao Shi,Yang Xin,Wu Tian,Pu Ziheng 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.1

This work using first-principles theory proposed PdN3-doped CNT (PdN3-CNT) as a potential gas sensor for detection of NO, NO2 and O3 in the air insulated equipment, to evaluate its operation status. Results indicate that the PdN3-CNT behaves chemisorption upon three gas species, with adsorption energy (Ead) of − 2.15, − 1.91 and − 1.96 eV, and charge-transfer (QT) of − 0.141, − 0.325 and − 0.419 e, respectively. The band structure (BS) and density of state (DOS) analysis reveal that the gas adsorptions cause remarkable deformations in the electronic property of the PdN3-CNT, leading to the increase of the bandgap for the gas adsorbed systems and verifying the strong binding force of the bonded atoms from the orbital DOS. Combined with the results by frontier molecular orbital theory, we presume that PdN3-CNT is a promising sensing material to be explored as a resistance-type gas sensor for detection of NOx with higher electrical response upon NO. It is our hope that our theoretical assumption could be further studied and realized in the following experiential research, which would be meaningful to propose novel sensing candidate in the field of electrical engineering to guarantee the safe operation of the air insulation equipment.

miR-124 Inhibits Growth and Invasion of Gastric Cancer by Targeting ROCK1

Hu, Cong-Bing,Li, Qiao-Lin,Hu, Jian-Fei,Zhang, Qiang,Xie, Jian-Ping,Deng, Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.16

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as critical regulators of genes involved in many biological processes. Aberrant alteration of miRNAs have been found in many cancers, including gastric cancer (GC), but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Herein, we investigated the role of miR-124 in GC. We found that its expression was significantly reduced in both GC tissue samples and cell lines. Forced expression of miR-124 suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK1) was identified as a direct target of miR-124 in GC cells. Finally, silencing of ROCK1 showed similar effects as miR-124 overexpression, while supplementation of ROCK1 remarkably restored the cell growth and invasion inhibited by miR-124. Together, our data demonstrate that miR-124 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting ROCK1, and posit miR-124 as a novel strategy for GC treatment.

A network meta-analysis of the short-term efficacy of five chemotherapy regimens based on cisplatin and fluorouracil for esophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma

Cong Wang,Dong-Jian Song,Zhi-Li Xu,Shu-Ping Xie,Jun-Hong Hu 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-

The primary purpose of this study was to explore the short-term efficacy of different cisplatin and fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of patients with esophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma (EGJA) using a network meta-analysis (NMA). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to chemotherapy regimens based on cisplatin and fluorouracil for EGJA were included from the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library electronic databases (from inception to June 2016). Direct and indirect evidence were combined to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) as well as to draw the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curves. This NMA finally enrolled ten eligible RCTs with the following five regimens: cisplatin plus fluorouracil (cisplatin+fluorouracil), cisplatin+fluorouracil-based chemotherapy (cisplatin+fluorouracil+docetaxel/epirubicin/irinotecan), fluorouracil-based chemotherapy (fluorouracil+docetaxel/doxorubicin/ methotrexate/irinotecan), cisplatin-based chemotherapy (cisplatin+docetaxel/epirubicin/irinotecan/capecitabine/s-1) and other drug-based chemotherapy (docetaxel/irinotecan/capecitabine). These results revealed that compared with a cisplatin+ fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimen, the fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimen had a lower overall response rate (ORR) and partial response (PR) for EGJA patients (ORR: OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.22–0.86; PR: OR=0.46, 95% CI=0.23–0.91). Cluster analyses suggested that the cisplatin+fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimen had the best short-term efficacy for EGJA in terms of the complete response (CR), PR, ORR, stable disease (SD) and progression disease (PD). Our results indicated that cisplatin+fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimens may have the best short-term efficacy in the treatment of EGJA

Suppression of Ku80 Correlates with Radiosensitivity and Telomere Shortening in the U2OS Telomerase-negative Osteosarcoma Cell Line

Hu, Liu,Wu, Qin-Qin,Wang, Wen-Bo,Jiang, Huan-Gang,Yang, Lei,Liu, Yu,Yu, Hai-Jun,Xie, Cong-Hua,Zhou, Yun-Feng,Zhou, Fu-Xiang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Ku70/80 heterodimer is a central element in the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway, Ku80 playing a key role in regulating the multiple functions of Ku proteins. It has been found that the Ku80 protein located at telomeres is a major contributor to radiosensitivity in some telomerase positive human cancer cells. However, in ALT human osteosarcoma cells, the precise function in radiosensitivity and telomere maintenance is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ku80 depletion in the U2OS ALT cell line cell line. Suppression of Ku80 expression was performed using a vector-based shRNA and stable Ku80 knockdown in cells was verified by Western blotting. U2OS cells treated with shRNA-Ku80 showed lower radiobiological parameters (D0, Dq and SF2) in clonogenic assays. Furthermore, shRNA-Ku80 vector transfected cells displayed shortening of the telomere length and showed less expression of TRF2 protein. These results demonstrated that down-regulation of Ku80 can sensitize ALT cells U2OS to radiation, and this radiosensitization is related to telomere length shortening.

Topographic Anatomy of the Inferior Medial Palpebral Artery and Its Relevance to the Pretarsal Roll Augmentation

Cong, Li-Yao,Lee, Sang-Hee,Tansatit, Tanvaa,Hu, Kyung-Seok,Kim, Hee-Jin American Society of Plastic Surgeons 2016 Plastic and reconstructive surgery Vol.138 No.3

<P>Background: A detailed analysis of the topography of the inferior medial palpebral artery is needed to optimize the safety and efficacy of pretarsal roll augmentation. Methods: Thirty-one hemifaces from 13 Korean and 8 Thai cadavers (15 male and six female cadavers) were dissected. The distributions of the inferior medial palpebral artery were determined with respect to the superior medial palpebral artery and the supratrochlear artery. Results: Four distribution patterns were observed. The inferior and superior medial palpebral arteries branched individually from the ophthalmic artery, with the ophthalmic artery terminating as the supratrochlear artery on the forehead (type I); a short trunk branched from the ophthalmic artery and divided into the inferior medial palpebral artery and superior medial palpebral artery, and the ophthalmic artery terminated as the supratrochlear artery (type II); the inferior and superior medial palpebral arteries arose together from the ophthalmic artery, and the ophthalmic artery terminated as the supratrochlear artery (type III); or the inferior and superior medial palpebral arteries were the terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery, with the supratrochlear artery arising from the angular artery (type IV). The diameter of the artery was 0.94 +/- 0.22 mm at the entry point and 0.37 +/- 0.11 mm at the lateral canthus. Conclusions: The inferior medial palpebral artery was located along the tarsal plate deep to the pretarsal part of the orbicularis oculi in the lower eyelid. Injections to augment the pretarsal roll should be made between the subcutaneous tissue and this pretarsal part of the orbicularis oculi.</P>

Tensile Behaviors of Laser-Discrete-Quenched Substrate/Nickel Coating of Electroplated Grinding Wheel

Cong Mao,Yujie Zhong,Yongle Hu,Weidong Tang,Z. M. Bi,Zhaohong Lei,Changchun Jiang,Aimin Tang 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.5

Electroplated grinding wheel has significant advantages, such as longer service life, higher removal rate, reduction of preparation work, reapplication of the wheel bub. Then it is an efficient, green and eco-friendly abrasive tool. In order to reveal the mechanism that the service life of the electroplated grinding wheel is increased by pre-quenched substrate, the tensile behavior and interfacial stresses of the laser-discrete-quenched substrate/nickel coating were studied through tensile experiment and simulation. The results show that random initial cracks appear in the nickel coating over the unquenched zone before the tensile experiment. There is an inter-diffusion region at the interface of steel substrate and nickel coating; in comparison with the unquenched zone, the size of the inter-diffusion region in the laser-quenched zone was decreased significantly (e.g., 1.2 μm in comparison with 2.6 μm). In tensile testing, the coating over the pre-quenched specimen remains bonded with the substrate firmly even the fracture occurs. In contrast, the damages in the forms of blistering, stripping and exfoliating occurred in the coating over the unquenched specimen. When a fracture occurs, there is a significant difference of the ultimate strains of quenched and unquenched zones; the ultimate strain of quenched zone is 0.0714, while that of the unquenched zone is 0.1667. At the bonding interface, the pre-quenched specimen ensured the overall shear stress and the maximum normal stress, which are lower than those of unquenched specimen. The initial cracks in pre-quenched specimen propagate during stretching, the effect of the absorbed strain energy reduces strain mismatch between the substrate and coating at the interface, and this improves the bonding strength at the interface of the laser-discrete-quenched specimen significantly.

Effect of composite biological preservative containing Lactobacillus plantarum on postharvest litchi quality

Cong Xu,Wen-feng Hu,Shi Luo,Hua-jian Luo,Ke Ma,Yan-fang Li 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

Biological preservatives containing live microorganisms are environmentally friendly and non-toxic substances used to preserve the quality of fresh fruits. This study investigated whether a composite biological preservative containing live Lactobacillus plantarum (designated as DN003) could preserve the quality of postharvest litchi fruits at high temperature and in humid environment. Postharvest litchi fruits were briefly soaked in DN003, then dried and stored at 29–33oC with 95–98% relative humidity; prochloraz treatment was included as positive control and non-treatment as negative control. In comparison with negative control group, litchi fruits in both DN003-treated and positive control groups better retained their appearance with lower polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities and showed higher concentrations of vitamin C, titratable acids, and total sugar content. These data demonstrated that the new composite biological preservative containing L. plantarum is promising to be used in the preservation of postharvest litchi fruit, particularly in hightemperature and humid environment.

Three-Dimensional Topography of the Emerging Point of the Ophthalmic Artery

Cong, Li-Yao,Choi, You-Jin,Hu, Kyung-Seok,Tansatit, Tanvaa,Kim, Hee-Jin Williams & Wilkins 2019 Plastic and reconstructive surgery Vol.143 No.1

BACKGROUND:: During periorbital noninvasive and surgical procedures, there is the risk of iatrogenic injury to the emerging point of the ophthalmic artery. This study aimed to determine the three-dimensional location of the emerging point of the ophthalmic artery and to provide clinicians with anatomical information that would help them to avoid associated complications. METHODS:: Seventeen hemifaces of the emerging point of the ophthalmic artery from 10 Korean and seven Thai cadavers were dissected and scanned by a three-dimensional scanner. The emerging points of the ophthalmic artery of 30 healthy Korean volunteers were also detected using an ultrasound imaging system. RESULTS:: The transverse distance from the medial canthus to the emerging of the ophthalmic artery was 3.8 ± 1.0 mm medially, and the vertical distance was 14.0 ± 2.9 mm superiorly. The transverse distance from the midline was 16.5 ± 1.7 mm to the emerging point of the ophthalmic artery and 20.0 ± 2.0 mm to the medial canthus. The measured depth from the skin surface to the emerging point of the ophthalmic artery was 4.8 ± 1.7 mm by means of three-dimensional scanning and 4.5 ± 1.1 mm using ultrasound detection. The vertical distance from the inferior margin of the superior orbital rim to the emerging point of the ophthalmic artery was 5.3 ± 1.4 mm. CONCLUSION:: These data inform clinicians about the anatomical three-dimensional location of the emerging point of the ophthalmic artery, which will help them to avoid iatrogenic injury when they are performing periorbital clinical procedures.

Analytical loss model of series-resonant indirect-matrix-type power electronics transformers using MOSFETs

Hu, Yujie,Li, Zixin,Zhao, Cong,Li, Yaohua The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.11

A MOSFET-based series-resonant indirect-matrix-type power electronic transformer (PET) consists of line-frequency-switching folding-unfolding bridges and series-resonant dc-dc converters (SRCs), which is an attractive choice to achieve ac-ac conversion due to its high efficiency and high power density. However, the conduction losses, switching losses, and core losses in each of the high-frequency switching cycles T_s are different due to the pulsating dc voltage |ac|, which introduces difficulties in the calculation of losses. In addition, the small dc capacitors also participate in the resonance, and the resonant current shape deviates from a pure sine. Therefore, the conventional loss model is not suitable for PETs. In this paper, the time-domain analysis of SRC resonant current considering the dc capacitor is developed. Then, the analytical expression of the resonant current RMS value in grid cycle T_g is derived, which is more accurate in calculating conduction loss than the conventional model. In addition, it avoids the calculating losses in each T_s. Next, an analytical switching loss model is developed based on the curve fitting of the capacitance-voltage relationship. A simplified analytical core loss model is provided. Each part of the loss of the PET is verified by thermal simulations, and the total losses are verified by efficiency tests on an experiment prototype.