구강점막 부착용 케토프로펜 고분자 필름의 제조 및 평가

박진석,이상은,강봉석,이경록,이은주,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract – The objective of this study was to prepare ketoprofen-loaded buccal adhesive patch. The adhesive patch was formulated by casting method using aqueous soluble polymer povidone K17 (PVP 17PF) as film-forming agent and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as adhesive agent. To compare the effect of HPMC type, different molecular weight of K4M and K15M HPMC was used. The physicochemical properties of patches such as appearance, thickness, in vitro release, and adhesiveness were investigated. The concentration of ketoprofen was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 233 nm. The appearance of prepared patches was semi-transparent, light-yellow or almost colorless, and odorless. Thickness of each patches (n=6) was 0.895 ± 0.033 mm for K4M patch and 0.727 ± 0.036 mm for K15M patch. In vitro release test, both K4M and K15M patches showed over 20% release within 30 min. At 120 min, K4M and K15M patches demonstrated 95% and 67.5% release of ketoprofen, respectively, and up to 240 min, both patches released drug completely. Maximum adhesive force of K4M and K15M patches was 6.571 ± 2.703 gf and 2.735 ± 1.151 gf, respectively. Moreover, it took 28.29 ± 0.38 sec and 28.30 ± 0.34 sec for K4M and K15M patch to peel off them after adhesion, showing no significant difference. In conclusion, thickness, in vitro release, and maximum adhesive force could be modulated by alteration of polymer types.

SO₂로부터 원소 황 회수를 위한 Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ 촉매반응연구

김봉석,이종대,박노국,류시옥,이태진,김재창 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.5

Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ 촉매상에서 CO에 의한 SO₂의 촉매환원으로부터 원소 황 회수 반응에 대하여 연구하였다. Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ 촉매는 Ce/Zr 조성비를 x=1, 0.8, 0.5, 0.2, 0과 같이 조절하여 제조하였으며 반응온도(400-450℃), 공간속도(10,000-70,000 h^(-1)) 변화에 따른 SO₂전화율과 원소 황(S)선택도를 조사하였다. Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂촉매의 최적반응온도는 425℃ 이었으며 공간속도 50,000 h^(-1)에서 Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O₂와 Ce_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O₂ 촉매의 SO₂ 전환율이 93%, 원소 황 선택도 98%로 CeO₂, Ce_(0.2)Zr_(0.8)O₂ 촉매보다 반응성이 높았다. Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂촉매에 Zr의 첨가량이 증가할수록 CeO₂의 환원률이 증가되었으며, 이러한 결과는 산소 저장성이 우수한 CeO₂에 Zr를 첨가함으로써 산소이동성이 증가되었기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 Zr의 첨가로부터 Ce-based 촉매의 격자산소 환원과 비어있는 격자산소 자리의 재산화에 영향을 주어 redox 반응특성을 개선할 수 있음을 확인하였다. The catalytic reduction of SO₂ to elemental sulfur with CO over Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ was studied. The Ce_(10x)Zr_(x)O2 catalysts were prepared by changing the Ce/Zr mole ratio(x=1, 0.8, 0.2, 0). The reactivity of Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ in accordance with experimental conditions, such as reaction temperature(400-450??), space velocity (GHSV: 10,000-70,000 h^(-1)) were investigated. The conversion of SO2 and the selectivity to elemental sulfur in the recovery of elemental sulfur from SO2 using Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.4)O₂ and Ce_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O₂ catalysts were respectively about 93% and 98% at temperature about 425 ??, which were superior to other catalysts. It seems that the reactivity is influenced by the Ce/Zr mole ratio. From these results, it was concluded that the oxygen mobility of catalysis was increased with inserting the Zr. Because the reduction of lattice oxygen and reoxidation of Ce-based catalysts was improved by the adding Zr, it is possible to improve the redox characteristic.

코로나 플라즈마 처리에 의한 HDPE 표면의 개질에 관한 연구

최진숙,전종탁,정봉규,이근대,문명준,이종무 釜慶大學校 2001 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

We are able to generate the stable plasma in open air and nitrogen using a corona plasma treatment system(CPTS) with a high voltage. This was applied to treat the surface of rather non-polar HDPE(High Density Polyethylene) intended for the improvement of adhesion of over-coated layers such as coatings, printing inks. The surface tension of HDPE was significantly improved by the CPTS. The characteristics of surface layer were evaluated by means of contact angle measurement, ATR-FT/IR spectroscopy, and it was found that functional groups were introduced into the surface layer of the HDPE. The use of nitrogen was increased the surface tension of the HDPE from 33.8 mJ/m^2 to 66.56 mJ/m^2, and highly effective method of HDPE surface modification could be realized.

복합열화환경하에서의 중성화 및 염화물이온 확산특성이 철근부식에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

조봉석,장재봉,김재환,김용로,권영진,김무한 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

It is recognized that reinforcement corrosion is the main distress behind the present concern regarding concrete durability. In this study, to confirm corrosion of reinforced concrete due to permeability of carbonation and chloride ion affected by thickness of cover, kinds of surface coating, measured electric potential, ratio of corrosion area, weight reduction, corrosion velocity of steel bar under environment of complex deterioration. The results showed that an increase in age also decreases Carbonation velocity coefficients and increases Chloride ion diffusion coefficients. As well, an increase in age also increases corrosion of reinforcement due to permeability of carbonation and chloride ion. Corrosion of reinforcement by thickness of cover is superior to 10mm thick than 20mm thick. It showed that an increase in thickness of cover prevent steel bar from deteriorating due to permeability of carbonation and chloride ion. The results of this study showed that corrosion velocity was affected by thickness of cover, kinds of surface coating. data on the development of corrosion velocity made with none, organic B, organic A, inorganic B. and inorganic A is shown.

경북지역 안경원 개설에 필요한 요건 분석 연구

박수봉 ; 이채호 ; 김진숙 김천대학교 2001 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.22 No.-

This study showed purchase of glasses, the position on shops, working condition of opticians, financial administration affairs using questionaire, which offers research data basis on marketing plans of optician's shop opening condition.

정신분열병에 대한 Risperidone의 효과 및 안전성에 관하여

신석철,왕성근,지익성,이선우,이규광,이봉희,이진영,황선희,신용재,배경도,김정란 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.1

In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of risperidone, 10 patients with chronic schizophrenia were examined for 8 weeks in a silgle-open study. After the wash-out period of 1 week, risperidone was administered. Efficacy was evaluated by means of Positive and Negative syndrome Scale for Schizophernia(PANSS) and Clinical Global Impression(CGI). Safety assessment included the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale(ESRS), vital signs, body weight, ECG, and laboratory tests. The results were as follows 1) On the PANSS total score, there was significant improvement of total score after 1 week (P<.05) of administratiom. 2) On the PANSS positive and negative subscal, there were significant improvement of posotive and negative scores after 2 weeks (P<.05) of administration. 3) On the PANSS general psychopatholgy subscals, there were significant improvement of general psychopathologyscores after 1 week (P<.05) of administratiom. 4) On the CGI, there was significant decreasement of clinical impression of severity of schizophrenia score after 2 week (P<.05) of administration. 5) A statistically significant increase in body weight (P<.05) was observed after 8 weeks of administration. 6) EPS reached the peak at the end of the 1st week of administration of risperidone (11.8± 24.25) but they were easily relieved by addition of benztropine and clonazepam. There was not significant change in laboratory tests, vital sign, ECG after 8 weeks of administration. These results suggest that Risperidone is an effective antipsychotics and clinically safe except for increased body weight in chronic schizophrenia.

효소 전처리 BCTMP 시트의 노화 거동

양봉숙,김형진,강규영,조병묵,오정수 동국대학교 생명자원과학대학 연습림 2000 연습림논문집 Vol.- No.6

It was generally known that the aging treatment of paper is accompanied with the reductions in physical and optical properties of individual fibers and sheet. In particular, the paper prepared with mechanical pulps occurs the yellowing of sheet, during aging, due to the absorption of light or temperature, and finally has limitation in widely applicable functions of paper. The aging behaviors of paper can be discussed with three groups of factor. One is considered to external factors, like heat, light and moisture. Another is commented with environmental factors, like oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and other air pollutant materials. The other is explained by internal factors, like pulp types, lignin contents, and so on. In this paper, the aging behaviors of paper prepared with BCTMP were studied in order to know how to affect in physical and optical properties of paper. For modification of fibers properties, a commercial enzyme was pretreated in the slurry of BCTMP, before handsheet-making. Sheets were aged by accelerated heat treatment. The comparisons were carried out in mechanical strength properties and color reversions. Aging treatments were resulted in higher brightness reductions, in enzyme pretreated paper.

흰쥐에서 니켈 및 카드뮴의 동시노출이 간에 미치는 영향

차봉석,왕승준,장세진 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 이 연구는 적출간 관류법을 이용하여 영화니켈과 염화카드뮴의 동시 노출로 인하여 간에 나타나는 효과를 확인하는 데에 있다. 방법 : 간독성의 지표로서 AST, ALT, LDH의 농도 및 관류속도를 이용하였고 생존력에 대한 지표로서 산소소모율을 측정하였다. 300(±50) g의 흰쥐를 노출군(비노출군 및 50 μM/ 200 μM의 각 농도별 염화니켈과 염화카드뮴의 개별 투여군 및 동시 투여군)별로 5마리씩 총 35마리를 할당하였다. 간을 통과한 관류액을 채취하여 생화학적 간독성 지표를 측정했고 집단간의 시간의 경과에 따른 측정치의 비교를 위해 반복 측정된 2요인 분산분석을 실시하였다. 개별 투여군과 동시 투여군의 생화학적 지표간의 평균을 비교함으로써 상승효과에 대한 가능성을 확인했다. 결과 : 개별 투여군 및 동시 투여군 모두에서 AST, ALT, LDH가 증가했다. 관류속도 및 산소 소모율은 시간의 경과에 따라 감소했으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지는 못했다. AST, ALT, LDH, 산소소모율이 일정 시간대 이후로 개별 노출군의 합보다 동시 노출군에서의 측정치가 더욱 크게 증가하였다. 결론 : 간독성에 대한 생화학적 지표의 변화를 확인함으로써 두 물질의 동시노출로 인한 복합적 효과는 상승효과일 가능성이 높은 것으로 보인다. Objectives : This research was intended to verify hepatic effect of simutaneously com-bined exposure of nickel chloride and cadmium chloride with IPRL (Isolated Perfumed Rat Liver) method. Methods : AST(aspartate aminotransferase), ALT(alanine aminotransferase), LDH (lac-tate dehydrogenase) and perfusion flow rate were used as the indicator of hepatotoxicity and oxygen consumption rate were used as the indicator of viability. 300(±50) g - weighted rats were allocated randomly to each group (control group, 50 μM·200 μM sera-rately exposure group of NiCl₂and CdCl₂, simultaneously combined exposure group of NiCl₂and CdCl₂by 5, totally 35. Buffer which got out of liver was sampled and then biochemical indicator of hepatotoxlcity was measured. In order to verify difference among groups, two way - repeated ANOVA was used. With comparing mean summation of sepa-rate exposure group with mean of simultaneous exposure group, possibility that combined effect could be synergistic effect was verified. Results : AST, ALT, LDH increased in both of separate exposure group and simultaneous exposure group. Perfusion flow rate and oxygen consumption rate decreased but statlstically significant difference among groups was not found. In each exposure group, AST, ALT, 7DH, oxygen consumption rate of simultaneous exposure group increased more than sum of separate exposure group after any sampling time. Conclusions : It was found that simultaneous combined effect could be synergistic effect through the biochemical indicator of hepatotoxicity.

공간능력, 시지각 회상 능력, 학습양식에 따른 지구와 달의 운동 개념

김봉섭,정진우,양일호,정지숙 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1998 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among spatial ability, learning styles, visual-perception-recall ability, and the conceptual construction of the earth and moon's motion. Four paper-and-pencil tests were used to measure students' cognitive variables. Spatial ability was measured by Spatial Visualization Test, visual-perception-recall ability was measured by Rey's Figure which also have used to test visual-perception-recall ability of right-temporal lobes, and VVT were used to investigate students' learning styles. Further, the test of concept construction was consisted of 15 items about the earth and moon's motion developed by researcher. One hundred and twenty-seven 6th-, one hundred and sixteen 7th-, eighty-seven 9th-grade, ninety-three college students were participated in the investigation of the effects of age and learning style on conceptual construction. In the analysis of students' performances, spatial ability, visual-perception-recall ability, and conceptual achievement showed an increasing pattern with grading. In addition, visual learner's conceptual achievement showed a significantly higher score on conceptual test than verbal learner's(p<0.05). The results of the present study supported the hypothesis that learning styles would differently influence to learning atmospheric concepts by students' learning styles. This study also indicated to be considered the students' spatial ability in learning atmospheric concepts.

피로와 의료이용, 업무상 사고 및 질병결근

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,정진주,이철갑,강명근,현숙정,조정진,차봉석,박종구 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: This study examined the relationship of fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project, 2002~2004). A total of 30,146 employees categorized within the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were recruited. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess the participants' sociodemo-graphics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, personality trait, self=perceived fatigue (MFS) and the frequency of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Data on medical utilization and occupational accident were confirmed from company health records. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to elucidate the relationship of self-perceived fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Results: In logistic regression analyses, self-perceived fatigue was associated with medical utilization (outpatient), occupational accident and sickness absence although the strength of the associations was higher in the blue collar workers except for medical utilization. For medical utilization, the white collar worker's adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the third quartile and the highest quartile, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were 1.50 (95% CI: 1.20-1.87) and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.69-2.75), respectively. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the second (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06-1.43), third (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.22-1.66) and highest quartile (OR:1.83, 95% CI: 1.55-2.17), respectively, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were statistically significant. However, no associations were found between fatigue and inpatient utilization for either the white or blue collar workers. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of being injured for workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.00-2.00), 1.57 (95% CI: 1.10-2.22) and 2.41 (95% CI: 1.69-3.44), respectively, compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile, but, those of the white collar workers were not significant. There was more likely to an increased risk of sickness absence in workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile in both white and blue collar workers, but the magnitudes of risk were higher in the blue collar workers than the white collars workers. Conclusion: This result suggests that fatigue is a determinant predictor of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence, and that the pattern of risks for the three outcomes differs according to the occupational type. Some limitations of this study and considerations for future study were also discussed.