The Improved Algorithm of Edge Detection Based on Mathematics Morphology

Deng Caixia,Chen Yu,Bi Hui,Han Yao 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.5

Two Evaluation Budgets for the Measurement Uncertainty of Glucose in Clinical Chemistry

Hui Chen,Ling Zhang,Xiaoyun Bi,Xiaoling Deng 대한진단검사의학회 2011 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.31 No.3

Background: Measurement uncertainty characterizes the dispersion of the quantity values attributed to a measurand. Although this concept was introduced to medical laboratories some years ago, not all medical researchers are familiar with it. Therefore, the evaluation and expression of measurement uncertainty must be highlighted using a practical example. Methods: In accordance with the procedure for evaluating and expressing uncertainty, provided by the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), we used plasma glucose (Glu) as an example and defined it as the measurand. We then analyzed the main sources of uncertainty, evaluated each component of uncertainty, and calculated the combined uncertainty and expanded uncertainty with 2 budgets for single measurements and continuous monitoring, respectively. Results: During the measurement of Glu, the main sources of uncertainty included imprecision, within-subject biological variance (BVw), calibrator uncertainty, and systematic bias. We evaluated the uncertainty of each component to be 1.26%, 1.91%, 5.70%, 0.42%, and -2.87% for within-run imprecision, between-day imprecision, BVw, calibrator uncertainty, and systematic bias, respectively. For a single specimen, the expanded uncertainty was 7.38% or 6.1±0.45 mmol/L (κ=2); in continuous monitoring of Glu, the expanded uncertainty was 13.58% or 6.1±0.83 mmol/L (κ=2). Conclusions: We have demonstrated the overall procedure for evaluating and reporting uncertainty with 2 different budgets. The uncertainty is not only related to the medical laboratory in which the measurement is undertaken, but is also associated with the calibrator uncertainty and the biological variation of the subject. Therefore, it is helpful in explaining the accuracy of test results. Background: Measurement uncertainty characterizes the dispersion of the quantity values attributed to a measurand. Although this concept was introduced to medical laboratories some years ago, not all medical researchers are familiar with it. Therefore, the evaluation and expression of measurement uncertainty must be highlighted using a practical example. Methods: In accordance with the procedure for evaluating and expressing uncertainty, provided by the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), we used plasma glucose (Glu) as an example and defined it as the measurand. We then analyzed the main sources of uncertainty, evaluated each component of uncertainty, and calculated the combined uncertainty and expanded uncertainty with 2 budgets for single measurements and continuous monitoring, respectively. Results: During the measurement of Glu, the main sources of uncertainty included imprecision, within-subject biological variance (BVw), calibrator uncertainty, and systematic bias. We evaluated the uncertainty of each component to be 1.26%, 1.91%, 5.70%, 0.42%, and -2.87% for within-run imprecision, between-day imprecision, BVw, calibrator uncertainty, and systematic bias, respectively. For a single specimen, the expanded uncertainty was 7.38% or 6.1±0.45 mmol/L (κ=2); in continuous monitoring of Glu, the expanded uncertainty was 13.58% or 6.1±0.83 mmol/L (κ=2). Conclusions: We have demonstrated the overall procedure for evaluating and reporting uncertainty with 2 different budgets. The uncertainty is not only related to the medical laboratory in which the measurement is undertaken, but is also associated with the calibrator uncertainty and the biological variation of the subject. Therefore, it is helpful in explaining the accuracy of test results.

Growth of InGaN Films on c-plane Sapphire Substrates with an AlN Nucleation Layer by Using Metal-organic Chemical-Vapor Deposition

Dang-Hui Wang,Sheng-Rui Xu,Jin-Cheng Zhang,Ke Chen,Zhi-Wei Bi,Lin-Xia Zhang,Fan-Na Meng,Shan Ai,Yue Hao 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.61 No.4

In this study, we report on the crystal quality of InGaN epifilms with different indium fractions grown at different growth temperatures on c-plane sapphire substrates with an AlN nucleation layer by using low-pressure metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD). High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), atom force microscopy (AFM), photoluminescence (PL) and Raman scattering measurements were employed to study the crystal quality, optical properties and strain condition of InGaN epifilms with increasing indium fraction (from 4.36% to 15.36%). Results show that InGaN epitaxial layers can be realized with a higher indium fraction at a lower temperature by inserting an AlN nucleation layer between the sapphire substrate and the GaN buffer layer and that the obtained InGaN epifilms have an improved crystal quality and a lower threading dislocation density.

Apply the combination of anthropometric health indicators and Sheldon`s somatotype in health promotion

Wen-Ko Chiou,Ming-Hsu Wang,Bi-Hui Chen 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

The concept of somatotyping is a unique method for the classification of human physique that was first invented by Sheldon and modified by Heath and Carter. Somatotype is also widely used as a tool to estimate the nutritional status of populations and to monitor the growth and diseases of individuals. Human bodies compose from many parts and it is difficult to judge the healthy status from the single index. The body image compose form the multiple indexes could help people to judge the healthy status from the anthropometry data. The aim of this study was to develop body image templates in both genders from the 3D anthropometry data to evaluate the human healthy status. This study collected the dimensions from anthropometry and body image among 90 Taiwanese participants in the Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. This research uses the 3D whole body photography system to collect the anthropometry dimensions and analyze the data from the Beauty3D software. Collecting the 5 indexes, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-thigh ratio (WTR) and to judge the indexes for normal and abnormal status by the WHO standards. Using the multiple indexes to category the body health into 4 levels. The results show that 4 body image templates in both genders were created, and the difference between the different templates and genders were discovered. The body image templates showed the human body images come from the different health status. It can be concluded that different body image templates from the multiple dimensions can lead to judge the human healthy status and base on the different templates could provide the visual judgment for the different body types for the health status.

Height effect could be a factor for the musculoskeletal disorder in cleaning occupation

Ming-Hsu Wang,Wen-Ko Chiou,Bi-Hui Chen 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

Clearly, cleaning is a demanding repetitive occupation, which incurs a high level of musculoskeletal disorders. The phrase “work-related upper limb musculoskeletal disorders” includes a variety of upper limb degenerative and inflammatory diseases and disorders, which result in pain and functional impairment. Inappropriate and poor working postures, lack of task variation, poor ergonomic design of work places, poor design of cleaning tools and work organization (e.g., long working hours, low salaries and awkward schedules) are all areas where relatively simple interventions can significantly reduce the rate of exposure to occupational disease. The poor working resources make the high rate of related musculoskeletal disorders for the cleaners. The aim of this study was to compare the musculoskeletal disorders with different height of the cleaners and to evaluate the effect of height on cleaners’ working postures in a school environment. Thirty motivated professional female cleaners from one university in Taiwan took part in this survey. Their age ranged from 45 to 65 years and the average length of their work experience was 6.5 years. The survey was carried out according to the following steps: Step 1: Definition of the framework/theme of the survey. Step2: Establishment of the goal, Step3: Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) survey, Step4: Development of a cleaning task analysis, Step5: Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) survey, Step6: Evaluation for NMQ and REBA. Base on this research result, it can be concluded that different heights with the cleaners can lead to different musculoskeletal disorders and base on the different heights could provide the different protection devices and recommendations which, in turn, leads to the cleaners’ better health and better cleaning results.

Apply the Combination of Anthropometric Health Indicators and Sheldon`s Somatotype in Health Promotion

( Wen Ko Chiou ),( Ming Hsu Wang ),( Bi Hui Chen ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-

The concept of somatotyping is a unique method for the classification of human physique that was first invented by Sheldon and modified by Heath and Carter. Somatotype is also widely used as a tool to estimate the nutritional status of populations and to monitor the growth and diseases of individuals. Human bodies compose from many parts and it is difficult to judge the healthy status from the single index. The body image compose form the multiple indexes could help people to judge the healthy status from the anthropometry data. The aim of this study was to develop body image templates in both genders from the 3D anthropometry data to evaluate the human healthy status. This study collected the dimensions from anthropometry and body image among 90 Taiwanese participants in the Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. This research uses the 3D whole body photography system to collect the anthropometry dimensions and analyze the data from the Beauty3D software. Collecting the 5 indexes, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-thigh ratio (WTR) and to judge the indexes for normal and abnormal status by the WHO standards.

Height Effect could be a Factor for the Musculoskeletal Disorder in Cleaning Occupation

( Ming Hsu Wang ),( Wen Ko Chiou ),( Bi Hui Chen ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-

Clearly, cleaning is a demanding repetitive occupation, which incurs a high level of musculoskeletal disorders. The phrase work-related upper limb musculoskeletal disorders includes a variety of upper limb degenerative and inflammatory diseases and disorders, which result in pain and functional impairment. Inappropriate and poor working postures, lack of task variation, poor ergonomic design of work places, poor design of cleaning tools and work organization (e.g., long working hours, low salaries and awkward schedules) are all areas where relatively simple interventions can significantly reduce the rate of exposure to occupational disease. The poor working resources make the high rate of related musculoskeletal disorders for the cleaners. The aim of this study was to compare the musculoskeletal disorders with different height of the cleaners and to evaluate the effect of height on cleaners`working postures in a school environment. Thirty motivated professional female cleaners from one university in Taiwan took part in this survey. Their age ranged from 45 to 65 years and the average length of their work experience was 6.5 years. The survey was carried out according to the following steps: Step 1: Definition of the framework/theme of the survey. Step2: Establishment of the goal, Step3: Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) survey, Step4: Development of a cleaning task analysis, Step5: Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) survey, Step6: Evaluation for NMQ and REBA.