The gap-prepulse inhibition deficit of the cortical N1-P2 complex in patients with tinnitus: The effect of gap duration

Ku, Y.,Ahn, J.w.,Kwon, C.,Kim, D.Y.,Suh, M.W.,Park, M.K.,Lee, J.H.,Oh, S.H.,Kim, H.C. Elsevier/North-Holland,Biomedical Press 2017 Hearing research Vol.348 No.-

<P>The present study aimed to investigate whether gap-prepulse inhibition (GPI) deficit in patients with tinnitus occurred in the N1-P2 complex of the cortical auditory evoked potential. Auditory late responses to the intense sound of the GPI paradigm were obtained from 16 patients with tinnitus and 18 age- and hearing loss-matched controls without tinnitus. The inhibition degrees of the N1-P2 complex were assessed at 100-, 50-, and 20-ms gap durations with tinnitus-pitch-matched and non-matched frequency background noises. At the 20-ms gap condition with the tinnitus-pitch-matched frequency background noise, only the tinnitus group showed an inhibition deficit of the N1-P2 complex. The inhibition deficits were absent in both groups with longer gap durations. These findings suggested that the effect of tinnitus emerged depending on the cue onset timing and duration of the gap-prepulse. Since inhibition deficits were observed in both groups at the same 20-ms gap condition, but with the tinnitus-pitch-non-matched frequency background noise, the present study did not offer proof of concept for tinnitus filling in the gap. Additional studies on the intrinsic effects of different background frequencies on the gap processing are required in the future. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

한국산 박새 Parus major 소리(song) 의 구조적 특징과 지리적 변이

함규황,홍길표 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 환경연구 Vol.19 No.-

Studies on the variation state and the structural features of the Great tit's song due to geographical isolation were analyzed among Cheju-do, a geographically fully-isolated region and two inland areas far from being isolated each other. It was found that the variation coefficient of the Great tit's song was higher in the time factor of notes than in its frequency factor, irrespective of the geographical isolation. Each frequency factor of three areas was found to be remarkably correlative with its area, and to have a certain frequency range. After an analysis to measure the variation state among the above areas, it was found that whereas the voice features were common the great extent between Mt. Y□nwha and Mt. Y□hang, those in Cheju-do were considerably different from those in the other areas.

家兎의 前庭眼球反射에 대한 Amphetamine 및 Diazepamdm의 影嚮

이귀행,박병림,류성훈 大韓神經精神醫學會 1990 신경정신의학 Vol.29 No.4

The effects of amphetamine and diazepam on the control of body posture were examined in unanesthetized rabbits. Vestibuloocular reflex(VOR) was elicited by rotation of whole body at frequency of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3Hz by means of sinusoidal rotator in the dark. The following results were obtained. 1) In normal VOR, the frequency and the velocity of nystagmus were increased by increasing the frequency of stimulus rotation from 0.1Hz to 0.3Hz. 2) In amphetamine treated VOR, the frequency and the velocity of nystagmus were increased at all of 3 stimulus frequencies, but any significant differences of the velocity of nystagmus between different stimulus frequencies were not observed. 3) In diazepam treated VOR, the frequency and the velocity of nystagmus were decreased at all of 3 stimulus frequencies, but any significant differences of the frequency and the velocity of nystagmus between different stimulus frequencies were not observed. 4) The actions of amphetamine and diazepam on the VOR were contradictory. These data suggest that amphetamine and diazepam may impair the control of body posture by increasing or decreasing the VOR respectively, through their action on the central nervous system but not on the vestibular system.

정신과자문에 대한 임상적 고찰

이귀행,노승호,박남진 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1989 圓光醫科學 Vol.5 No.1-2

A clinical survey was performed on the cases of cosultations to psychiatry from March, 1988 to January, 1990 at Won Kwang University Hospital. The results were as follows : 1. The consultations were requested from Internal Medicine (43.1%), Neurosurgery (12. 5%), General Surgery (7.8%), Orthopedic Surgery (7.2%), Urology (5.4%), Pediatrics (4.8%), Chest Surgery (3.6%), Dermatology (3.6%), Otorhinolaryngology (3.0%), Plastic Surgery (3.0%), Emergency Room (3.0%), Ophthalmology (1.2%), Oral Surgery (1.2%) and Intensive Care Unit (0.6%). The numbers between parentheses represent the component ratios of the consultations. 2. Memory disturbance (8.6%), Behaviour disturbance (7.8%), Consciousness disturbance (7.6%), Sensory disturbance (7.6%) and Sleep disturbance (7.0%) had higher frequences than others in the consulted symptoms from the referral departments. 3. Memory disturbance (12.3), Behaviour disturbance (9.4%), Sleep disturbance (8.5%), Sensory disturbance (7.4%) and Headache (6.4%) had higher frequences than others in the consulted symptoms checked by psychiatrist. 4. Organic mental disorder (23.8%), Somatoform disorder (18.4%), Epilepsy (9.4%), Mood disorder (5.8%) and Brief reactive psychosis (5.8%) had relatively higher frequences than others in the psychiatric diagnosis of the consulted cases. 5. The cases of Organic mental disorder showed delayed consultations. 6. The psychiatric answers were composed of Psychiatric recommendation (34.1%), Referal to psychiatry (25.1%), Drug prescription (18.0%), Reevaluation for physical condition (12.0%), Observation (10.2%) and Psychitric follow-up (0.6%).

수종 치과용 광중합형 복합레진의 화학적 분해

양규호,최남기,박미란,박은혜 대한소아치과학회 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

이상적인 수복재료의 요건으로 치아의 저작기능과 심미성을 충분히 회복시킬 수 있는 물리적. 화학적 성질을 갖추는 동시에 생물학적인 적합성과 구강내 환경변화에 따른 내구성 등을 들 수 있다 그러나 복합레진을 이용하여 치아를 수복하였을 때 수복물은 구강내에서 시간이 흐름에 따라 타액내에서 서서히 분해되고 교합력이나 음식물에 의해 마모되어가는 운명을 거친다. 본 연구에서는 현재 수복재료로서 많이 사용되고 있는 Definite(Degussa-Hiils AG. Germany), Revolution(Kerr, U.S.A.) Unifil(GC, Japan) , Palfique(Tokuyama, Japan)의 4종의 복합레진을 알카리성 용액 (0. IN NaOH)에 보관하였을 때 각 제품의 분해저항성을 평가하고자 하였다. 각 제품당 3개의 시편을 제작하여 무게측정을 한 후 0.IN NaOH에 저장하여 60℃에서 보관하였다. 2주 후 제거하여 HCI로 중화, 세척 후 60℃에서 건조하였다 무게손실, 표면하분해층 깊이, 용출된 Si농도를 기준으로 각 레진의 분해저항성을 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 무게손실량은 Unifil에서 3.21%로 가장 높았으나 각각 제품간에 있어서의 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 2. 분해층 깊이는 107.69∼47.407n의 범위였고, Unifil, Palfique. Revolution, Definite 순으로 감소하였으며 Palfique. Definite를 제외한 다른 제품간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p(0.05). 3. Si 용출량은 Palfique가 8940.Oppm으로 가장 많은 용출량을 보였으며 Revolution과 Definite를 제외한 각 제품간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 4. 각 제품의 무게손실과 분해층 깊이 사이에는 높은 상관관계를 보였다(r= 0.06, p<0.05) 5. 각 제품의 무게손실과 Si 용출량, 분해층 깊이와 Si 용출량 사이 에는 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 6. 주사전자현미경 관찰시 NaOH용액에 보관한 후 레진 기질과 필러 사이의 결합의 파괴를 관찰할 수 있었다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to degradation of four commercial composite resins in an alkaline solution. The brands studied were Unifil(GC, Japan) , Palfique(Tokuyama, Japan) , Definite(Degussa-Huls AG, Germany) . Revolution(Kerr U.S.A.) . Preweighed discs of each brand were exposed 0. IN NaOH solution at 60℃. After 14 days they were removed, neutralized with HCI, washed with water and dried. Resistance to degra-dation was evaluated on the basis of following parameters : (a) mass loss(%) - determined from pre-and post-ex-posed specimen weights: (b) Si loss(ppm) - obtained from ICP-AE analysis of solution exposed to specimens and (c) degradation depth(㎛) - measured microscopically (SEM) from polished circular sections of exposed specimens. The results were follows. 1 The mass loss of Unifil was 3.21%, it was the highest of materials. But, there was no significant difference among the materials. 2. The degree of degradation layer depth was 107.69∼47.40㎛, the sequence of the degree pf degradation layer depth was in descending order by Unifil, Palfique, Revolution Definitre. There was significant difference among the materials except Palfique and Definite. 3. The Si loss of Paltique was 8940.Oppm, it was the highest. There was significant difference among the materials, except Revolution and Definite(p<0.05). 4. The correlation coefficient between mass loss and degradation depth was relatively high(r = 0.06. p<0.05). 5. There was no significant coefficient correlation between Si loss and mass loss, and/or the degree of degradation layer depth and Si loss. 6. When observed with SEM, destruction of bonding is observed between resin matrix and filler. Above results suggested that the hydrolytic degradation is considered as evaluation factor of composite resins.

불가의 언어관에 대한 이해와 문학관의 변모 양상

裵奎範 경희대학교 인문학연구소 2000 인문학연구 Vol.4 No.-

The objective of this paper is to examine the Buddhist view of both literature and language. First of all, by comparing the Zen sect with non-Zen Buddhism, this paper approached to conclude the Buddhist view of both literature and language. The conclusion of this paper is the following. Buddha has expended many Bud-dhist writing for that mankind will perceive a truth as a spirit power of own. That is ‘팔만사천법문(八萬四千法門)’ and the writing of this words are called ‘팔만대장경(八萬大藏經)’. Above this, from ancient time the Zen sect that is token the heart in Korean Buddhism especially at present left many books, the Script, analects, 공안집(公安集), 게송(偈頌). But The Buddhist Faction insist on dening these authorities. Because 불립문자(不立文字) was the center of the Zen sect, they assert a negation for the language. This was diposed Zen monks Who were lived from Koyro to Choson. Turthermore, these trends had changed in direction of meeting the demand of the times, Zen monks had made out many works in literature. For reference, this paper is on the assumption that is studing for the history of Korean Buddhist literature.

핵비등 영역의 가열면상 물 액적의 증발에 대한 연구

남궁 규완,안강수,원성필 울산대학교 1996 공학연구논문집 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 동판, 탄소강판, 스테인레스강판의 가열면상 증류수 액적의 증발시간 및 표면의 온도변화에 대한 것으로 가열면의 초기온도는 핵비등이 존재하는 최저온도로부터 최고 온도 영역의 범위 내에서 논했다. 액적 밑면의 가열면 온도는, Rohsenow가 제시한 푸울 핵비등 열전달 관계식을 사용하여, 2차원 천이 열전도 해석으로부터 계산했으며, 가열면 재질 및 초기 액적크기 등에 따라 합리적인 변화 결과를 얻었다. 또한 본 연구에서 제시한 액적증발 모델은 액적과 가열면간의 접촉면적 변화를 계산하는데 사용되었다. 시간에 의존하는 접촉면 온도와 액적의 기하학적 형상 변화로부터, 특정 액체/고체조합에서 전 증발시간을, 초기 가열면 온도와 초기 액적 크기와 관련하여, 예측했다. This paper discusses the evaporation time of a pure water droplet on smooth surface of copper, carbon steel and stainless steel. The initial surface temperature ranges from the lowest limit to the highest limit of the nucleate boiling region. The surface temperature just below the droplet is calculated from the 2 dimensional transient conduction, using the transfer correlating equation of nucleate pool boiling proposed by Rohsenow. And the evaporation model proposed in this paper is used to calculate the changes of contact area between liquid droplet and heated surface. With these time dependent values of surface temperature and those of geometrical shape of droplet, the total evaporation time for a specific liquid-solid combination can be predicted as the initial surface temperature and the initial droplet size. The predicted evaporation times are compared with the experimental data. Though the present model consists of some assumptions which include bubble waiting time, heat transfer coefficient and the shape of liquid droplet on surface, the predictions and measurements are in good agreement.

중추신경세포배양에서 철 이온 및 Buthionine Sulfoximine에 의한 산화성손상과 NF-κB 활성간의 상호관계

이귀숙,배춘상,김종근 全南大醫大 2001 전남의대학술지 Vol.37 No.4

Shear場下에서의 超音波 吸收에 關한 硏究

崔圭晃,金仁湖,崔洪守 慶尙大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

According to the swarm theory of the nematic liquid crystals, ware investigated the ultrasonic attenuation phenomena under the strong external condition such as the shear, thermal and electric field. The experimental results were shown to be distinguishable from the normal conditions. The periodical curve representing the attenuation in the shear field was appeared as the sine curve. It was considered that these phenomena were due to the long molecules orientation effect.

미나리科 植物의 果實에 관한 硏究 제10보 Coelopleurum속에 대하여

石貴德 德成女子大學校 1977 德成女大論文集 Vol.5-6 No.-

In continuation of studies on the umbelliferous fruits, inner morpholoy of Coelopieurum fuits was examined and its results are discussed in comparison with those of angelica Archangelica, Ostericum, Dystaenia, Ligusticum of Tilingla and Cnidium. The differences between Coelopleurum and the others are as fallows. arrangement of vascular bumdlis is the same as that of angelica and rehexigenetic intercelluar space at mesocarp in mature fruits is simillar to that of Archangelica, and Ostericum.