경상북도 후포와 강원도 장호에서 정치망으로 채집된 어류 종조성 비교

강정하 ( Jung Ha Kang ),김이경 ( Yi Gyeong Kim ),박중연 ( Jung Youn Park ),김진구 ( Jin Koo Kim ),유정화 ( Jung Hwa Ryu ),강충배 ( Chung Bae Kang ),박정호 ( Jeong Ho Park ) 한국수산과학회 2014 한국수산과학회지 Vol.47 No.4

Two major temperature fronts, the Subpolar (Gosung, Gang-won-do; 38°-41° N) and Thermal (Jukbyun, Gyeong-sang-buk-do; 36°-37° N) fronts, are found in the East Sea along the east coast of Korea. These are located roughly where the Tsushima Warm Current and North Korea Cold Current intersect. To clarify the effect of the Thermal Front, we investigated seasonal variation in fish species composition using set nets in two areas located north (Jangho, Gang-won-do) and south (Hupo, Gyeong-sang-buk-do) of Jukbyun, Gyeong-sang-buk-do, and compared the sea water temperature and salinity. We collected a total of 38 fish species in Hupo and 25 in Jangho. Trachurus japonicus was the most common species at both sites, but the subdominant species differed. At Hupo, the subdominant species were Konosirus punctatus and Diodon holocanthus, whereas Clupea pallasii and Scomber japonicus were subdominant at Jangho. Based on Froese and Pauly (2014), subtropical fishes accounted for 55% of fish in Hupo but only for 33% in Jangho. The difference in fish species composition was most obvious in May and August. According to the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Administration, sea surface temperature and salinity were slightly higher at Hupo than at Jangho. Our findings suggest that the oceanographic boundary resulting from the Thermal Front near Jukbyun, Gyeong-sang-buk- do may have a major effect on the distribution of migratory fish species.

Evaluation for Impacts of Nitrogen Source to Groundwater Quality in Livestock Farming Area

Gyeong-Mi Lee,Sunhwa Park,Ki-In Kim,Sang-Ho Jeon,Dahee Song,Deok-hyun Kim,Tae-Seung Kim,Seong-Taek Yun,Hyen Mi Chung,Hyun-Koo Kim 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.5

We investigated 52 livestock farming complexes in Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces based on low, medium, and high livestock density and groundwater quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate a relationship between nitrate N concentration in groundwater and animal factors, such as livestock density and animal species. 2,200 groundwater samples for 3 years from 2012 to 2014 at Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, DO, ORP, temperature, major anions and cations, such as NO₃-N, HCO₃<SUP>-</SUP>, PO₄<SUP>-</SUP>, SO₄<SUP>2-</SUP>, Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, NH₄-N, K<SUP>+</SUP>, Na<SUP>+</SUP>, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>, T-N, and TOC. Average concentration of total N for generated load density was 23,973 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for cattle, 51,551 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for pig, and 52,100 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for poultry. For animal feeding species, average ratio for generated load over discharge load was 16.1% for cattle, 7.8% for pig, and 7.1% for poultry. Therefore, cattle feeding region is highly vulnerable for water pollution compared to pig and poultry feeding areas. The concentrations of chloride, nitrate, and total N in the groundwater samples were higher at high animal farming regions than other regions. The average concentration of nitrate, and chloride in groundwater samples was 5.0 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 16.6 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for low livestock density, 6.9 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 17.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for medium livestock density and 7.6 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 22.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for high livestock density and total nitrogen (T-N) was 7.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for low livestock density, 9.4 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for medium livestock density, 10.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for high livestock density. In conclusion, based on this research, for managing groundwater quality near livestock farming regions, Ca-(Cl+NO₃) group from the Piper diagram is more efficient than using 19 factors for water quality standard.

Evaluation for Impacts of Nitrogen Source to Groundwater Quality in Livestock Farming Area

Lee, Gyeong-Mi,Park, Sunhwa,Kim, Ki-In,Jeon, Sang-Ho,Song, Dahee,Kim, Deok-hyun,Kim, Tae-Seung,Yun, Seong-Taek,Chung, Hyen Mi,Kim, Hyun-Koo 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.5

We investigated 52 livestock farming complexes in Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces based on low, medium, and high livestock density and groundwater quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate a relationship between nitrate N concentration in groundwater and animal factors, such as livestock density and animal species. 2,200 groundwater samples for 3 years from 2012 to 2014 at Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, DO, ORP, temperature, major anions and cations, such as $NO_3-N$, ${HCO_3}^-$, ${PO_4}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, $Cl^-$, $NH_4-N$, $K^+$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, T-N, and TOC. Average concentration of total N for generated load density was $23,973g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for cattle, $51,551g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for pig, and $52,100g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for poultry. For animal feeding species, average ratio for generated load over discharge load was 16.1% for cattle, 7.8% for pig, and 7.1% for poultry. Therefore, cattle feeding region is highly vulnerable for water pollution compared to pig and poultry feeding areas. The concentrations of chloride, nitrate, and total N in the groundwater samples were higher at high animal farming regions than other regions. The average concentration of nitrate, and chloride in groundwater samples was $5.0mg\;L^{-1}$, $16.6mg\;L^{-1}$ for low livestock density, $6.9mg\;L^{-1}$, $17.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for medium livestock density and $7.6mg\;L^{-1}$, $22.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for high livestock density and total nitrogen (T-N) was $7.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for low livestock density, $9.4mg\;L^{-1}$ for medium livestock density, $10.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for high livestock density. In conclusion, based on this research, for managing groundwater quality near livestock farming regions, $Ca-(Cl+NO_3)$ group from the Piper diagram is more efficient than using 19 factors for water quality standard.

전투력 요소로 본 이순신의 전투준비태세와 초기전투 승리요인

이경식(Lee, Gyeong-sig) 국방부 군사편찬연구소 2016 군사 Vol.- No.98

This study focuses on how General Lee achieved continuous victories in the beginning of Japanese invasion. Unlike previous studies that focused on the victory factors on the water, this study focuses on analyses of General Lee’s combat preparation and emphasized combat capability during initial stages of battles, which defeated Japanese forces. The background of General Lee’s substantial war preparation came from the battle of Japanese invasion led by Hong-Yang in the Year of Jeong-Hae (1587). By developing the foundation for discipline and commanding system based on the past experience, Lee focused on creative, yet stuck to the basic war-preparation. One of Lee’s creative works was that he collected information of Japanese combat style to create his battle strategies: to deny enemy"s climbing up the warship, but to be close enough to target enemy ships with turtle ships, and to inspect the war preparations. For the war preparations, Lee inspected ships, various weapons, and defense system on the field. But most importantly, Lee’s victorious background originated from his nationally scaled propulsion for increasing the number of war-ships, development of cannons specially designed for battles against Japanese forces. When the actual Lim-Gin Japanese invasion occurred, Lee was fully prepared to go to the war against Japan by utilizing the effective reporting system, which reached to Right naval HQ located in Jeon-Ra provinces, observatory posts, and central government in a very short time. Lee also prepared for all possible routes of Japanese incomings and settled his navy on sea of Gyeong-Sang waiting for the imminent battle command from the government. In order to execute Command & Control system in the battle at the sea of Gyeong-Sang, Lee required strict command system, and hierarchy with Won-Gyun and Uk-Gi Lee’s fleet, which allowed well-coordinated strategic system. Also, strategy integrated intelligence, maneuver, fires, and force protections against Japanese Force. First, spot the enemy, approach with fleets during earl dawn when security is assured, then charge with turtle ships and full-on assailment of cannons with Pan-Ok ships to defeat Japanese Navy. After such strategy, Lee quickly ran away from the battle scene in order to prepare for the possible ambush attacks and buy some maintenance time for his navy. In summary, Lee achieved the victory via analyzing Japanese Navy’s current status, geography, water current, surround and attack strategy, ambush attacks, and effective maneuvers, which integrated with turtle ships and navy’s fire power. He also inspected his forces, fleets, and other weapons to sustain his combat capabilities. He distributed loots from the battles to his soldiers to alleviate their fear and fatigue. The most important victory factor would be Lee’s victory oriented leadership. His leadership highlighted field focused operations, principles, executions, and keen discernment, which contributed to flexible strategies, all with courage, fairness, people and his navy. In order to win the war, combat capability had to be performed at its best, and Lee’s victories at the initial battles exemplify preparation for the war and successful coordination of combat capability with his leadership in the naval battles.

한글 해득 능력이 학급 공동체 네트워크 형성에 미치는 영향

이경화 ( Lee Gyeong-hwa ),최종윤 ( Choi Jong-yoon ) 청람어문교육학회(구 청람어문학회) 2016 청람어문교육 Vol.59 No.-

이 연구는 한글 해득 능력이 학급 공동체 네트워크 형성에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 한글 해득 능력 검사 도구, ‘친구’ 관계 네트워크 검사 도구, ‘학습 조언’ 관계 네트워크 검사 도구를 개발하였다. 경기도 소재의 한 초등학교 1학년 3개 학급을 대상으로 기술 통계, 상관 분석의 통계적 방법과 사회 연결망 분석(Social network analysis) 방법을 병행하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한글 해득 능력의 하위 요소로 음독 유창성의 평균값은 191.9개, 음독 정확성의 평균값은 98.92%, 받아쓰기의 평균값은 8.34점으로 측정되었다. 둘째, 각 학급의 학급 공동체 네트워크 분석을 위한 ‘친구’ 관계 네트워크와 ‘학습 조언’ 관계 네트워크분석 결과 관계 밀도는 0.612에서 0.663 사이에 형성되어 비교적 높게 나왔으며, 연결도는 0.11에서 0.18 사이에 형성되어 학습 공동체 구성원들은 11%에서 18% 정도의 연결도를 형성하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 셋째, 한글 해득 능력과 학급 공동체 네트워크의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 읽기 능력과 쓰기 능력은 내향 연결 중앙성과 통계적으로 유의미한 정적 상관을 성립하였다. 이 연구는 한글 해득 능력과 학급 공동체 네트워크 형성의 관계를 실증적으로 밝힌 점, 언어의 사회적 기능을 강조한 한글 해득 교육의 필요성을 확인한 점, 언어를 통한 공동체 네트워크 형성의 특징을 파악한 점에서 의의가 있다. This study aims to analyze a relationship between students’ Hangeul comprehension abilities and a class com munity network. An analysis was conducted for 3 classes, first grade of an elementary school located at Gyeong-gi Do together with the descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and the Social network analysis. Research findings are as follows. Firstly, as for sub factors of Hangeul comprehension abilities the mean value of the oral reading fluency was 191.9, that of the oral reading accuracy was 98.92%, and that of dictation was 8.34 points. Secondly, analysis results of ‘friendship’ network and learning advice relational network for analyzing a class community network shows a relatively higher a relational density. Thirdly, as a result of analyzing the correlation between Hangeul comprehension ability and class community network, reading and writing abilities had a significantly positive correlation with the introversive degree centrality. This study has significance in that it identified empirically the relation between Hangeul com prehension ability and class community network, suggested basic data for set ting a direction of Hangeul com prehension education, examining students`` attributes, connection among class members and characteristics of a class community network.

경남지역에서 분리한 Salmonella Enteritidis의 항생제 감수성 검사 및 random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR을 이용한 유전형 분석

김은경 ( Eun-gyeong Kim ),김민경 ( Min-kyung Kim ),권현애 ( Hyun-ae Kwon ),윤도경 ( Do-kyung Youn ),구정헌 ( Jeong-heon Koo ),박소연 ( So-yeon Park ),이희근 ( Hui-geun Lee ),조명희 ( Myeong-hui Jo ),하도윤 ( Do-yun Hah ),김철호 ( 한국동물위생학회(구 한국가축위생학회) 2018 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.41 No.3

Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) are found in animals, humans, and environment. In addition, S. Enteritidis draws attention to the public health concerns due to carriage of antibiotic resistance traits. For these reasons, the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of S. Enteritidis are significant issues with regard to public health. To address this issues, a total of 24 strains of S. Enteritidis from 164 samples collected from several slaughterhouses in Gyeong-Nam province in order for antibiotic resistance profiles. Subsequently, we characterized the genotyping by random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. As a result, very high level of resistance to protein synthesis inhibition antibiotics and most isolates were susceptible to others. Six random primers were used for RAPD-PCR to reveal genotypes of S. Enteritidis isolates. One of the primer, P1245, generated 147 distinct RAPD-PCR fragments ranging from 400∼3000 bp. The number of RAPD-PCR products ranged from 4 to 8 for this primer. The RAPD-PCR fragments could be placed these strains into 3 subgroups and 2 classes by UPGMA cluster analysis. Interestingly, several S. Enteritidis that isolated from different slaughterhouses showed same genotype. These results showed only limited genetic variation among the isolates, those were grouped into a few different patterns of antibiotic resistance.

QUAL2E 모델에 의한 남강댐 상류하천의 장래수질 예측

咸契運,安庚模,金春秀 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1996 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.12 No.-

A water quality of the upper stream in the Nam river dam was simulated by QUAL2E Model. The Simulated constituents were BOD, DO and SS. The change of water quality in 2001 and 2006 were predicted to evaluate the pollutant load contribution. The conclusion which is obtained from this study are as follows: 1. From the simulation of water quality of the upper stream in the Nam river dam in 1996 using QUAL2E Model, the BOD concentration in Gyeong-Ho river was 0.98mg/l~ 2.88mg/l with the exception of the most upper stream, and the water quality in down stream was more polluted than that in upper stream by 0.28mg/l~1.0mg/l. The BOD concentration in the Duk-Chun river was 0.98mg/l~ 2.88mg/l 2. The BOD concentration in the Gyeong-Ho and Duk-Chun river in 2001, 2006 was predicted to be over 1.37mg/l~3.40 and 1.59mg/l~3.93mg/l, respectively.

섬유상활성탄에 의한 수용액중 페놀류의 흡착특성

정경락,장경환 全北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

The adsorption characteristics of phenols by the surface-modified activated carbon fibers from its aqueous solution was examined. Cellulose activated carbon fiber(toyobo Co. KF-1500) was used as an adsorbent, and it was treated with heat, air and helium. Pore-size distribution, BET surface area and surfce acidity were measured. The adsorption isotherms were found to conform with the Freundlich equation and its k values were ranged from 1.5381 to 3.6076 mmol/ g and its 1/ n values were ranged from 0.1798 to 0.3144. The affinity of each adsorbate on activated carbon fiber increased in the order ; Phenol <PCP<PNP. The adsorption capacity decreased when oxidized carbon was used, while it increased when redused carbon was used. The adsorption capacity increased when its surface area increased. It is concluded that the adsorption capacity changes in relation with the surface oxides and the surface area of the activated carbon fiber.

열분해 튜브의 내면침탄에 따른 열응력 및 변형해석에 관한 연구

조경식,성활경 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 産技硏論文集 Vol.7 No.-

Ethylene is produced from a mixture of hydrocarbon feedstock and steam in a pyrolysis tubes. These pyrolysis tubes operating at high temperatures are subject to severe thermal stress, where carbon and/or carbon product get attached to the inner surface of the tubes. This phenomena in duces a localized temperature increase, which in turn enhances a local carburization process. Additional stress is produced due to localized volume expansion, and the change in thermal expansion coefficient. The carburization process eventually gives rise to building, bowing and crack of the pyrolysis tubes which therefore is known to be most critical process that decides the lifetime of the tubes. In this thesis, two dimensional analysis of the thermal stress and strain in the HK-40 pyrolysis tubes with varying carburization depths and was made using finite element methods. A commercially available NISA Ⅱ program was used on 16 different carburization models.

원격연수용 초등국어과 스토리보드 개발 연구

천경록,염창권,손경옥 光州敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 2002 初等敎育硏究 Vol.17 No.1

This study has developed 44 hours storyboard for distance education, and presented one sample storyboard. The theme of storyboard is Korean language arts instruction for elementary teacher training. We explained the needs of distance cyber education. We argued that cyber teacher training compensates for traditional off-line training. We organized panels consisted of professors, teachers, administrators in fields of Korean language education and educational technology. The storyboard should reflect the nature of Korean language arts. Also it should be authentic, practical, and realistic for teaching. The Process of development is analyzing needs of contents, deciding development direction, composing sub themes for 60 hours, organizing storyboard writers, training writers, developing sample storyboard, developing storyboard, and revising storyboard. The problem of development is organizing storyboard writers who represent Korean language arts, delay of writing source materials, deciding pay of writing, copyrights of storyboard, and developing practical contents. The three principles of designing storyboard interface are interaction between users, focusing of information, and compensating source materials.