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Orbital Exenteration: A 23-year Report
abolfazl kasaee,mansooreh jamshidian-Tehrani,bahram eshraghy,kambiz ameli,shahbaz nekoozadeh,motahareh sadeghi 대한안과학회 2019 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.33 No.4
Purpose: Orbital exenteration is a psychologically and anatomically disfiguring procedure which indicated insome patients with malignant or progressive diseases of orbital and periorbital area. In this study, we reviewed176 patients that underwent orbital exenteration. Methods: This was a retrospective study of medical records from all patients who underwent orbital exenterationfrom March 1991 to March 2014 in oculoplastic department at an eye care center. Demographic data,diagnosis, site of primary involvement and technique of surgery were determined in patients. Results: One hundred seventy-six cases of orbital exenteration were included that had documented histopathology. The age of patients ranged from 1 to 91 years (mean age ± standard deviation, 55.43 ± 27 years). Ninety-seven (55.11%) males and 79 (44.88%) females were included. Fifteen different tumors were identified. Themost common indication was patients with basal cell carcinoma 49 (28%) followed by 41 (23.5%) squamouscell carcinomas, 35 (20%) retinoblastoma, and 13 (7%) adenoid cystic carcinomas. In total, adnexal malignancieswere the most common tumors, secondarily involving the orbit. Eyelids 89 (50.5%) and the globe 43 (24%)were the most frequent site of involvement. Three types of exenteration were performed, based on availabledata of 129 operation sheets, 46 (35.7%) subtotal, 62 (48.1%) total, and 21 (16.3%) cases of extensive exenterations. In total 97 cases were evaluated pathologically for perineural involvement, of which perineural invasionwas noted in 9 (7%) reports. Conclusions: Frequency of exenteration in our center has increased in past 3 years and the majority of caseswere eyelid basal cell carcinoma. Patient education considering periocular lesions can help in earlier diagnosisof malignant lesions and therefore reducing the number of exenteration.
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Conducted EMI Reduction on the Pulse Tube Cryocooler
Eshraghi, M.J.,Myongwon Cho,Jin Mok Kim,Sasada, I. IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.45 No.6
<P>Pulse tube (PT) cryocoolers can be used to cool SQUIDs, however their electromagnetic interference (EMI) through the conducted high frequency noise currents are normally too large to operate SQUIDs. In this paper, high frequency noise currents of a pulse tube cryocooler system are simultaneously observed at several critical points to analyze conducting paths of the noise currents and to find a solution for this problem. High frequency noise currents are detected by current sensors consisting of a current transformer and a terminating resistor at the secondary side. By covering three-phase power lines and a neutral line connecting the valve motor to the inverter with a copper mesh, and by using it as an additional neutral line, conducted EMI (noise currents) to the cryostat has bee reduced by one fifth. With this treatment, SQUIDs have been operated normally.</P>
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M. Eshraghi,P. Kameli 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
We developed a simple synthesis method for production of CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles. The method is based on the solid state ball-milling and calcinations of acetate precursors and citric acid. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Magnetic properties of the samples were studied using vibrating sample magnetometer and ac susceptibility measurements. The results show that the products mainly consist of CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles. Magnetization measurements demonstrate the effect of calcination temperature on particle size and hence, on the magnetic properties of the CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles. By increasing the particle size from 3.5 to 7.2 nm, the room temperature coercivity and magnetization increase from 0 to 152 Oe and from 8 to 30 emu/g respectively. Also, the low temperature calcinated samples, C250 and C30 are superparamagnetic in nature due to it’s near-zero coercivity and remanence. We estimated the mean value of the effective anisotropy constant, K_eff = 9.2 × 10^6 erg/cm^3. This value is much larger than the bulk value, due to the surface effects.
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Shaun Eshraghi,Suman Das,Mehdi Karevan,Kyriaki Kalaitzidou 한국정밀공학회 2013 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Electrically conductive polymer nanocomposites were prepared through selective laser sintering (SLS) of polyamide-12 (PA) powder coated with graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) using sonication. The SLS process parameters were optimized in order to maximize the tensile modulus at 3 and 5 wt% GNP. The highest tensile modulus (2.1 GPa) was achieved at 3 wt%. A slight decrease in flexural modulus and strength was observed at 3 and 5 wt% GNP compared with the neat polymer. Morphological observation of the graphitecoated PA powder showed fairly homogeneous dispersion. The SLS processed parts were nearly fully dense and the highest density (99.5%) was found at 3 wt% GNP. The bulk electrical conductivity of the SLS-processed nanocomposites was found to be 3.8×10-11 and 6.4×10-8 S/cm for 3 and 5 wt% GNP respectively.
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Amir Eshraghi,Ali Akbar Mirzaei,Rahbar Rahimi,Hossein Atashi 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.10
Mass transfer limitations and kinetics studies were performed for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over spherical 10 wt% Fe-10wt% Co-0.5 wt% Pt/79.5 wt% -Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. The external mass transfer limitation was checked by studying the effect of gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) and feed flow rate (at constant GHSV) on CO conversion. Theoretical and practical methods were applied to assess the effect of catalyst pellet size on the internal mass transfer limitation. The results indicated there is external diffusion limitation for GHSV lower than 4,200 h1. Both the theoretical and practical methods showed that the reaction is free of internal diffusion limitation with average particle sizes of 0.21 and 0.42 mm due to Thiele modulus smaller than 0.4, denoting that the rate of reaction is kinetically controlled. The kinetics results demonstrated the combined enol and carbide mechanism-based model was able to provide a good fit for the experimental data.
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Mohammad Rajabi,Nasser Soltani,Iman Eshraghi 국제구조공학회 2016 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.58 No.2
Effects of temperature dependent material properties on mixed mode fracture parameters of functionally graded materials subjected to thermal loading are investigated. A domain form of the Jk-integral method including temperature-dependent material properties and its numerical implementation using finite element analysis is presented. Temperature and displacement fields are calculated using finite element analysis and are used to compute mixed mode stress intensity factors using the Jk-integral. Numerical results indicate that temperature-dependency of material properties has considerable effect on the mixed-mode stress intensity factors of cracked functionally graded structures.
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