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dela Peñ,a, I. J. I.,dela Peñ,a, I.,de la Peñ,a, J. B.,Kim, H. J.,Sohn, A.,Shin, C. Y.,Han, D. H.,Kim, B.‐,N.,Ryu, J. H.,Cheong, J. H. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2017 Genes, brain, and behavior Vol.16 No.7
<P>Several studies suggest a strong genetic component of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. Determining specific genetic risk variants for each symptom dimension of ADHD may aid in the identification of the biological risk factors of the disorder. In this study, we explored the potential genetic underpinnings of the hyperactive phenotype of ADHD. To this end, we examined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of SHR/NCrl, an animal model of ADHD, compared with its genetic control, the Wistar Kyoto (WKY/NCrl) rat and the Wistar rat, strain used to represent the ‘normal’ heterogeneous population. Relative to WKY/NCrl and Wistar controls, SHR/NCrl showed hyperactivity in the open‐field test. Treatment with the ADHD drug, amphetamine (AMPH) reduced hyperactivity in SHR/NCrl. Meanwhile, AMPH increased locomotor activity in WKY/NCrl and Wistar rats. Gene expression analysis found 21 common upregulated and 36 downregulated genes in the PFC of drug‐naive SHR/NCrl when compared with WKY/NCrl and Wistar rats. Of these DEGs, expression levels of two genes, <I>Atxn7</I> and <I>Per2,</I> which are involved in transcription and circadian rhythm, respectively, were downregulated following AMPH treatment in SHR/NCrl. Quantitative real‐time‐polymerase chain reaction analyses verified expression patterns of these genes in the PFC of drug‐naïve and AMPH‐treated SHR/NCrl. The present findings indicate genetic risk variants that may be associated with the hyperactive phenotype in ADHD. Further studies are warranted to establish the roles of <I>Atxn7</I> and <I>Per2</I> in mediating hyperactivity.</P>
dela Peñ,a, Irene Joy I.,Botanas, Chrislean Jun,de la Peñ,a, June Bryan,Custodio, Raly James,dela Peñ,a, Ike,Ryoo, Zae Young,Kim, Bung-Nyun,Ryu, Jong Hoon,Kim, Hee Jin,Cheong, Jae Ho Elsevier 2019 Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological Vol.88 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by varying levels of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. Patients with ADHD are often classified as (1) predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, (2) predominantly inattentive, and (3) combined type. There is a growing interest in developing specific animal models that would recapitulate specific clinical forms of ADHD, with the goal of developing specific therapeutic strategies. In our previous study, we have identified Ataxin-7 (<I>Atxn7</I>) as a hyperactivity-associated gene. Here, we generated Atxn7 overexpressing (Atxn7 OE) mice to investigate whether the increased Atxn7 expression in the brain correlates with ADHD-like behaviors. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence confirmed overexpression of the Atxn7 gene and protein in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum (STR) of the Atxn7 OE mice. The Atxn7 OE mice displayed hyperactivity and impulsivity, but not inattention. Interestingly, treatment with the ADHD drug, atomoxetine (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), attenuated ADHD-like behaviors and reduced Atxn7 gene expression in the PFC and STR of these mice. These findings suggest that Atxn7 plays a role in the pathophysiology of ADHD, and that the Atxn7 OE mice can be used as an animal model of the hyperactive-impulsive phenotype of this disorder. Although confirmatory studies are warranted, the present study provides valuable information regarding the potential genetic underpinnings of ADHD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We previously found that Atxn7 is associated with ADHD-like behaviors. </LI> <LI> We generated mice that overexpresses Atxn7 in the brain (Atxn7 OE). </LI> <LI> The Atxn7 OE mice show hyperactivity and impulsivity, but not inattention. </LI> <LI> Atomoxetine attenuates the hyperactive and impulsive behavior of the Atxn7 OE mice. </LI> <LI> The Atxn7 OE mice may represent the hyperactive-impulsive subtype of ADHD. </LI> </UL> </P>
Ike Dela PENA,June Bryan dela Pen˜a,김붕년,한덕현,노민수,정재훈 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.5
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),the most commonly diagnosed neurobehavioral disorder ofchildhood, is usually treated with psychostimulants (e.g.,amphetamine). Little is known about the neuronal and behavioralconsequences of chronic amphetamine use or abuse inindividuals with ADHD. Of all ADHD animal models, thespontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is the most validated andwidely used. Here, we analyzed striatal transcriptomes inamphetamine-pretreated SHRs (5 mg/kg, i.p. for 7 days [twicedaily]), which showed a conditioned place preference to andself-administration of amphetamine. Microarray analysesrevealed increased mRNA expression of 55 genes ([1.65-foldincrease), while 17 genes were downregulated (\0.6-fold) inthe striatum of SHRs. The main functional categories overrepresentedamong the differentially expressed genes in thestriatum include those involved in transcription (e.g., Cebpb,Per2), genes associated with angiogenesis (e.g., Kdr, Klf5), celladhesion (e.g., Col11a1, Ctgf), apoptosis (e.g., Nfkbia, Perp)and neuronal development (e.g., Egr2, Nr4a3). In conclusion,we dissected the striatal transcriptional responses to the reinforcingeffects of repeated amphetamine treatment in the SHRmodel ofADHD. Future studies should determine the influenceof these altered transcripts on amphetamine reinforcement inamphetamine-treated SHRs, and the clinical relevance of thepresent findings with regard to amphetamine use/abuse inADHD individuals.
Supplementation of Laurus nobilis Attenuate Ethanol-induced Psychomotor Alterations in Rats
Irene Joy I. dela Peña,June Bryan dela Pen˜a,윤서영,김희진,이진희,백세희,서용기,백석준,문병석,정재훈 한국생약학회 2014 Natural Product Sciences Vol.20 No.1
Laurus nobilis (L. nobilis) is traditionally used as an herbal medicine to treat various diseases. Ethanol (EtOH) consumption entails physiological, mental and psychomotor alterations. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of L. nobilis in attenuating the EtOH-induced psychomotor alterations. L. nobilis was administered to SD rats, 30 minutes before EtOH administration (4 g/kg), at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. Evaluations of psychomotor activity in the open-field, accelerating rota-rod, wire, and swimming ability were done at 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours after EtOH administration. In addition, blood ethanol and acetaldehyde levels were also measured. Pre-treatment of L. nobilis significantly improved EtOH-induced psychomotor alterations and decreased blood ethanol and acetaldehyde levels. These findings suggest that L. nobilis might be an effective substance to attenuate the harmful effects of EtOH, particularly psychomotor alterations, and can potentially be considered as a functional food.
dela Cruz, Joseph,Byambaragchaa, Munkhzaya,Choi, Seok-Geun,Hwang, Seong-Gu The Korean Society of Animal Environmental Science 2014 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.20 No.4
Heat stress is a significant burden to animal production in most areas of the world. Improving our knowledge of physiological and metabolic mechanisms of acclimation may contribute to the development of procedures that may help to maintain health and production efficiency under hot temperature. The effect of Ulmus pumila (UP) extract in inducing Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) expression in heat-stressed RAW264.7 macrophage cells was investigated. Cell viability assay showed a dose dependent increase in cells after treatment with UP for 24 hours. RT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that increasing concentrations of UP induce the expression of Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) and dose dependently upregulated the expression of Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and Hsp90. LPS-induced nitric oxide was dose-dependently reduced while phagocytic activity greatly recovered with UP treatment. These data demonstrated that UP can be a potential candidate in the development of cytoprotective agent against heat stress.
dela Peñ,a, Ike,Bang, Minji,Lee, Jinhee,de la Peñ,a, June Bryan,Kim, Bung-Nyun,Han, Doug Hyun,Noh, Minsoo,Shin, Chan Young,Cheong, Jae Hoon Elsevier 2015 Behavioural brain research Vol.291 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Factor analyses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) symptoms divide the behavioral symptoms of ADHD into two separate domains, one reflecting inattention and the other, a combination of hyperactivity and impulsivity. Identifying domain-specific genetic risk variants may aid in the discovery of specific biological risk factors for ADHD. In contrast with data available on genes involved in hyperactivity and impulsivity, there is limited information on the genetic influences of inattention. Transcriptional profiling analysis in animal models of disorders may provide an important tool to identify genetic involvement in behavioral phenotypes. To explore some of the potential genetic underpinnings of ADHD inattention, we examined common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the prefrontal cortex of SHR/NCrl, the most validated animal model of ADHD and WKY/NCrl, animal model of ADHD-inattentive type. In contrast with Wistar rats, strain representing the “normal” heterogeneous population, SHR/NCrl and WKY/NCrl showed inattention behavior in the Y-maze task. The common DEGs in the PFC of SHR/NCrl and WKY/NCrl vs. Wistar rats are those involved in transcription (e.g. <I>Creg1</I>, <I>Thrsp</I>, <I>Zeb2</I>), synaptic transmission (e.g. <I>Atp2b2</I>, <I>Syt12</I>, <I>Chrna5</I>), neurological system process (e.g. <I>Atg7</I>, <I>Cacnb4</I>, <I>Grin3a</I>), and immune response (e.g. <I>Atg7</I>, <I>Ip6k2</I>, <I>Mx2</I>). qRT-PCR analyses validated expression patterns of genes representing the major functional gene families among the DEGs (<I>Grin3a</I>, <I>Thrsp</I>, <I>Vof-16</I> and <I>Zeb2</I>). Although further studies are warranted, the present findings indicate novel genes associated with known functional pathways of relevance to ADHD which are assumed to play important roles in the etiology of ADHD-inattentive subtype.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We describe novel genes associated with inattention in SHR/NCrl and WKY/NCrl. </LI> <LI> These are genes involved in transcription, synapse transmission, immune system, etc. </LI> <LI> qRT-PCR validated expression patterns of <I>Grin3a, Zeb2, Vof-16</I> and <I>Thrsp</I>. </LI> <LI> Further studies are needed to determine their roles in ADHD inattentive subtype. </LI> </UL> </P>
Dela Cruz, Ma. Ivy S.,Thongsai, Nichaphat,de Luna, Mark Daniel G.,In, Insik,Paoprasert, Peerasak Elsevier 2019 Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engi Vol.568 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, novel carbon dots were synthesized from polyurethane foam via a one-step pyrolysis method. Polyurethane foam is an interesting precursor for carbon dot synthesis because: (1) polyurethane foam waste generation is alarmingly high and (2) polyurethane is rich in nitrogen content which is important for producing highly photoluminescent carbon dots. The carbon dot synthesis parameters namely acid concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature were modeled and optimized using Box-Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM). Temperature was found to be the most important parameter affecting the photoluminescence quantum efficiency of the carbon dots. The as-prepared carbon dots in aqueous solution showed a blue-green emission under UV light with a relatively high quantum yield of 33%, agreeing well with the value predicted using the RSM. The carbon dots exhibited distinct selectivity toward silver ion (Ag<SUP>+</SUP>) with a limit of detection of 2.8 μM. The Ag<SUP>+</SUP> contents in real water samples were accurately determined with acceptable repeatability. Based on these results, the RSM is a useful tool for investigating the effects of reaction parameters on the quantum efficiency of carbon dots. Furthermore, pyrolysis was proved to be an effective means for producing label-free, highly photoluminescent carbon dots from polyurethane, enabling new, effective recycling strategy and various potential sensing applications.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Tourist Destination Selections Shaped by Lifestyle
( Dela Cruz,Rexter Marco G. ),( Paredes,Neil Owen M. ),( Santillan,Katerine May M. ),( Tabuyo,Jimford U ) 한국문화관광학회 2018 문화관광연구 Vol.20 No.1
This study focused on the significant differences in choosing a destination brought by the socio-demographics of DLSU-D employees using a theoretical framework formulated in relation to Push-Pull theory. Unlike other studies, this considered all the demographics in examining its differences. Through Analysis of Variance and t-test, income and religion were known to show a significant difference in destination selection. Moreover, the results reveal that international destinations appeal to the respondents the most. The demographics that brought a significant difference in choosing a destination were religion and trip expenditure.