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Maria Sfakianaki,Chara Papadaki,Maria Tzardi,Maria Trypaki,Sardar Alam,Eleni D. Lagoudaki,Ippokratis Messaritakis,Odysseas Zoras,Dimitris Mavroudis,Vassilis Georgoulias,John Souglakos 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.4
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of liver kinase b1 (LKB1) loss in patients with operable colon cancer (CC). Materials and Methods Two hundred sixty-two specimens from consecutive patients with stage III or high-risk stage II CC, who underwent surgical resection with curative intent and received adjuvant chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin, were analyzed for LKB1 protein expression loss, by immunohistochemistry as well as for KRAS exon 2 and BRAFV600E mutations by Sanger sequencing and TS, ERCC1, MYC, and NEDD9 mRNA expression by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results LKB1 expression loss was observed in 117 patients (44.7%) and correlated with right-sided located primaries (p=0.032), and pericolic lymph nodes involvement (p=0.003), BRAFV600E mutations (p=0.024), and TS mRNA expression (p=0.041). Patients with LKB1 expression loss experienced significantly lower disease-free survival (DFS) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.287; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.093 to 1.654; p=0.021) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 1.541; 95% CI, 1.197 to 1.932; p=0.002), compared to patients with LKB1 expressing tumors. Multivariate analysis revealed LKB1 expression loss as independent prognostic factor for both decreased DFS (HR, 1.217; 95% CI, 1.074 to 1.812; p=0.034) and decreased OS (HR, 1.467; 95% CI, 1.226 to 2.122; p=0.019). Conclusion Loss of tumoral LKB1 protein expression, constitutes an adverse prognostic factor in patients with operable CC.
The nature of urban sprawl in Western Balkan cities
Zora Živanović,Branka Tošić,Natalija Mirić,Nikola Vračević 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2024 도시과학국제저널 Vol.28 No.1
The paper draws attention to the process of urban growth in the Western Balkans, which is principally reflected in the physical expansion into the surrounding area, leading to the conversion of land into urban fabric – urban sprawl. According to the principles of sustainable development, this process is considered unjustified, especially if it is not a consequence of population growth. The features and the intensity of urban sprawl in the Western Balkans have been determined by mathematical and statistical methods, using data from the Urban Atlas database. The main common features and differences related to urban sprawl in the analyzed cities are determined by several factors, which are discussed in the paper. The purpose of the analysis of the intensity of urban sprawl between 2012 and 2018 is to ensure a better understanding of future processes that pose a potential ‘threat’ in environmental terms, but also of other aspects of sustainable development, relevant for bodies and individuals responsible for urban planning. In accordance with the methodology used, the results of the research confirm the presence of urban sprawl in Western Balkan cities, although it has not been proven that there are features common to all cities for any of the analyzed indicators.
Kikinis, Zora,Cho, Kang Ik K.,Coman, Ioana L.,Radoeva, Petya D.,Bouix, Sylvain,Tang, Yingying,Eckbo, Ryan,Makris, Nikos,Kwon, Jun Soo,Kubicki, Marek,Antshel, Kevin M.,Fremont, Wanda,Shenton, Martha E. Springer-Verlag 2017 BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR Vol.11 No.5
<P>Microstructural abnormalities in brain white matter are present in adolescent subjects with prodromal psychotic symptoms.</P>
Food Authenticity - Fighting Food Crime
( Andrew Cannavan ),( Zora Jandric ),( Simon Kelly ) 한국환경농학회 2016 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2016 No.-
Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria Food quality, including food safety, is a major concern facing both the food industry and consumers. Current food production systems, including labelling and traceability systems, cannot guarantee that the food we eat is authentic, of good quality and safe. Recurrent food authenticity incidents and food safety crises endanger public health and provoke loss of public confidence. These incidents may also result in substantial economic losses by manufacturers of authentic products and discredit entire economic sectors, e.g. the Italian olive-oil industry, leading to barriers to international trade. Food crime - intentional mislabelling or adulteration of food commodities for financial gain - has become a major criminal activity, sometimes on an international scale. The need for analytical methods to help combat food crime by underpinning mechanisms for tracing the origin of food commodities, authenticating food products, detecting adulteration and verifying food traceability, has grown rapidly in recent years, and will most probably increase in the future with the continuing growth in the complexity of food supply chains. The Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory (FEPL) of the joint Food and Agriculture Organisation/ International Atomic Energy Agency Division carries out applied research and the development, validation, transfer and application of nuclear and related analytical methods for food authentication. The focus is on important commodities in international trade and targets for fraudulent practices such as counterfeiting or adulteration. A wide range of analytical techniques can be employed for these applications, including stable isotope analysis, untargeted metabolomics, trace element analysis and spectrophotometric methods. The actual techniques applied depend on the specific problem or question. For example, the stable isotope ratios of the bio-elements (H, C, N, O and S) vary according to different environmental drivers, and their measurement can provide a ‘fingerprint’ that is unique to the origin and production history of a product. The relationship of such isotope systems to environmental drivers is well understood, enabling predictive models to be developed. Nitrogen and oxygen stable isotope analysis, for example, can be used to help detect conventionally produced crops that are labelled as organic. The ratios of the stable isotopes of H, C, N and S in chicken meat can provide information to verify their country of origin labels (COOL). Untargeted metabolite fingerprinting using UPLC-QToF MS with multivariate data analysis has been applied in the FEPL to discriminate between various unifloral honeys. Data from honey metabolomics studies were also combined with isotopic, elemental and spectroscopic data to compare the discriminating power of the various techniques, alone or in combination. Metabolomics was also applied to identify biomarkers for the detection of fruit juice adulteration. A current research direction is the investigation of the application of rapid screening techniques for food authenticity. There is an on-going reduction in the cost of analytical equipment and a rapid increase in its portability. Some measurement devices that were previously portable have become hand-held, for example ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), near infra-red (NIR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers, and some bench-top laboratory instruments have become ‘field’ transportable includinglaser induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS), laser ablation molecular isotopic spectrometry (LAMIS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS) and multi-spectral imaging (MSI).Examining foodstuffs by a range of rapid screening techniques and applying standardized field-deployable methods may provide substantial added value within food control systems in the future.