다기능 문법형태 ‘에’의 의미지도 모형과 각 기능의 습득순서

김충실 ( Jin Zhongshi ),양소열 ( Yang Suyue ) 중국한국(조선)어교육연구학회 2019 한국(조선)어교육연구 Vol.14 No.-

The multi-functional grammatical forms (multifunctional grams) have always been a difficult point in the teaching and acquisition of second language. The multi-functional grammatical form “에(e)” in Korean has various meanings such as ‘location’, ‘time’, ‘reason’, ‘enumeration’ etc. The study uses the semantic map model as a research tool, based on the meaning function of ‘에(e)’, through the comparison of cross-language (Japanese, English, Chinese), draws the semantic map of ‘에(e)’, and on this basis, analyzes the meaning function of grammatical forms corresponding to ‘에(e)’ in Japanese, English and Chinese. Moreover, by examining the input order of the multi-functional grammatical form ‘에(e)’ in the second language education textbook, combined with the drawn semantic map, the order of acquisition of the various meaning functions of the multi- functional grammatical form ‘에(e)’ is pointed out.

[생명도]와 한국어 어순

김충실 ( Jin Zhongshi ) 한국어교육연구소 2017 한국어교육연구 Vol.12 No.1

논문은 언어유형론의 [생명도]이론을 배경으로 한국어 어순에 대해 논의하였다. 논의를 통하여 명사구 병렬문에서 선행절과 후행절의 순위는 [생명도]에 따라 우선 순위가 정해지며 때로는 [생명도]의 ‘나 먼저 원칙’이 아니라 [생명도]에 참여하는 ‘힘의 원칙’외에 문화 인지에 따라 우선순위가 정해진다는 것을 제시하였다. 다음으로 주술구문과 목적어 구문에서는 [생명도]의미자질의 제약을 받을 뿐만 아니라 [생명도]에 따른 변수 [한정도]에 따라 순위가 결정되며 [생명도]가 높을수록 [한정도]가 높고 [한정도]가 높은 성분이 목적어의 자리에 오는 것은 적합하지 않다는 것을 증명하였다. 그리고 전이된 이중목적어구문은 [생명도]가 높은 성분은 [생명도]가 낮은 성분의 앞에 위치하기 때문에 이동이 제약을 받는 다는 것을 밝혔다. As a language which has a complicated system of case markers, Korean has a considerably free word order. But it’s not free at any time. The sequence of the coordinated items in coordinat constructions, the transformation between a subject-predicate sentence and a verb-object sentence, the sequence of the constituents in upgraded double-object sentences are all restricted by a series of syntactic and semantic factors. Explanations for those rules in are found inadequate during the teaching process of Korean as a second language. To solve this problem, the paper discusses the word order of coordinat constructions, subject-predicate sentences, verb-object sentences, object sentences and double-object sentences in Korean on the basis of the theory of animacy in typology. This paper discusses several issues on Korean word order on the basis of the theory of animacy in typology. The study finds out that in Korean coordinate constructions the sequence of the coordinated items primarily depends on the degree of animacy. Moreover, apart from the “principle of first person priority”, in some cases, the "power principle" and the "cultural cognition", which are related to animacy, may also affect the sequence of the coordinated items. But in Chinese, in the transformation from a subject-predicate sentence into a verb-object sentence, the word order is not only constrained by animacy semantic features but also affected by “the degree of specific reference”, a parameter of animacy. The degree of specific reference is in direct proportion to that of animacy. This paper makes a comparative study between Korean and Chinese, and proves that a component of high degree of specific reference should not occur in the object position. In addition, in a Korean upgraded double-object sentence (i.e. the dative case being transformed into the objective case), the word order change is restricted because the constituent of higher degree of animacy should be put before the constituent of lower degree of animacy.

A Hierarchical Segmentation Approach towards Roads and Slopes for Collapse Recognition

Yuanyuan Jia,Zhongshi He,Huazheng Zhu 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.5

High-Precision Tracking Control of a Piezoelectric Micro-nano Platform Using Sliding Mode Control with the Fractional-Order Operator

Rui Xue,Wei Pan,Zhongshi Wang,Dapeng Tian 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.21 No.12

In this paper, a sliding mode control using a fractional-order operator (SMCFO) method is presented for the hysteresis of a piezoelectric (PZT) micro-nano platform. At first, the hysteresis of the PZT micro-nano platform is described using the Duhem model. With respect to the sliding mode controller design, we introduce a fractional-order operator into the design of the sliding mode surface and enhance the performance of the proposed controller. The nonlinear switching action of the controller is eliminated through a smooth control action by applying an uncertainty and disturbance estimation technique. The stability of the proposed controller is analyzed using the Lyapunov theorem. Simulations and experimental results demonstrate that the SMCFO method achieves a no-load high precision tracking control of the PZT micro-nano platform and is also robust against load perturbations of the platform

한·중 명사화 대응 표현 연구

최현식 ( Cui Xianzhi ),김충실 ( Jin Zhongshi ) 한국중국언어학회 2023 중국언어연구 Vol.- No.106

For a long time, the comparative study of Chinese and Korean nominalization has been mainly carried out as a part of translation research or foreign language education research. Therefore, the previous research on Chinese nominalization is relatively weak, and the investigation of related phenomena is not in~depth. If the purpose of education is to improve thinking ability and explore the essence of language, a systematic study of language should be made before exploring the second language teaching method. According to the facts above, this paper pointed out the universality of nominalization from the perspective of language typology, and classified the nominalization phenomena of Chinese and Korean with reference to relevant researches from the cross~language perspective. In the Chinese part, based on grammatical features, the research objects were divided into monosyllabic verbs, disyllabic verbs, adjectives and nominalized clauses in the position of subject and object. In the Korean part, firstly, based on lexical features, the research objects were divided into Sino~Korean verbs and Korean native verbs. Secondly, based on grammatical features, the research objects were divided into intransitive verbs, transitive verbs and nominalized clauses. Then, this paper made a two~way investigation into the existing nominalization researches made by Chinese and Korean academia. On this basis, starting from the controversial points of Korean and Chinese nominalization, this paper studied and compared the characteristics of Korean and Chinese nominalization, and found the answers to the questions raised in the paper. First, with regard to the “nominalization” proposed in the previous researches, this paper pointed out that Chinese disyllabic verbs correspond to Sino~Korean words, and Chinese monosyllabic verbs correspond to Korean native words. Disyllabic verbs and adjectives can be modified by adnominal phrases, so they have the characteristics of nouns. Monosyllabic verbs can be modified by adverbs, so they have the characteristics of verbs. Some studies hold the opinion that Chinese and Korean nominal clauses have the characteristics of verbs. This paper proved the validity of this opinion through the phenomenon that they can be modified by adverbs. The semantic differences between Korean nominalization marker “~ eum” and “~ gi” are also reflected in Chinese. Second, there is no nominalization in monosyllabic verb itself. The phenomenon is caused by the omission of some components when deep structures are expressed by surface structures.

제2언어습득연구에서 Markedness Theory의 적용

악일비 ( Yue Yifei ),김충실 ( Jin Zhongshi ) 한국어교육연구소 2018 한국어교육연구 Vol.13 No.1

프라하 학파의 Trubetzkoy와 Jakobson이 1930년대 표기이론(Markedness Theory)을 제시한 이래 ‘표기’라는 개념은 여러 언어학 이론에 접목되어 널리 적용되면서 발전해왔다. 이 논문은 구조주의문법, 생성문법, 기능문법 및 인지언어학과 언어유형론, 언어습득이론에서의 ‘표기’ 개념과 표기 대립방식, 표기 판단 기준을 대조하여 여러 언어이론에서 표기에 대한 인식의 다른 점을 정리하였다. 그리고 제2언어습득이론 연구를 중심으로 중국에서 한국어 교육을 실례로 표기이론과 습득난 이도 예측, 표기이론과 모국어전이, 표기이론과 습득순서 등 세 개 측면에서 표기 이론의 효용성과 가치를 밝혔다. 모국어전이와 난이도 예측에서는 대조분석가설의 한계를 지적하고 유표성 차이 가설에 의한 모국어전이 원인을 제시하고 유표량과 유표정도에 따라 난이도 예측을 할 수 있다고 제시하였다. 습득순서에서는 기존의 이론을 살펴보고 유표량에 의해 습득순서가 정해진다는 것을 밝혔다. 마지막으로 한중 제2언어 습득연구에서 표기이론의 부분 성과를 소개하고 한계점과 향후의 연구 방향을 제시하였다. The concept of markedness has been introduced to various linguistic theories and applied to various types of research since it was put forward in the 1930s by Trubetzkoy and Jakobson, who are the representative figure of the Prague School. This paper presented the conceptional difference of markedness in structural grammar, generative grammar, functional grammar, cognitive linguistics, language typology and language acquisition theories and then compared the opposition means and the criteria of markedness in above-mentioned theories. In addition, combining Korean language learning cases in China, this paper expounded on the value of Markedness Theory in the research of second language learning, especially acquisition difficulty, acquisition order and first language transfer. In the part of acquisition difficulty and first language transfer, this paper pointed out the limitation of Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis and explained the cause of first language transfer by Markedness Difference Hypothesis. It was found that acquisition difficulty can be predicted by the degree of markedness. In the part of acquisition order, the paper checked the existing theories and held the opinion that acquisition order is decided by the amount of markedness. At last, some Korean-Chinese second language acquisition research findings from the perspective of Markedness Theory were introduced to reveal the existing shortcomings and the way for further researches.