諸葛亮形象及其文化意蘊 : 諸葛亮의 이미지와 그 문화적 의미

徐中偉 永同大學校 1998 硏究論叢 Vol.4 No.1

《삼국지》는 제갈량에 대한 전기하고 해도 과언이 아니다. 《삼국지》의 작자 나관중은 삼국지에 등장하는다른 어떤 인물 보다 묘사에 공을 들였다 이 연구는 《삼국지》에서 가장 중요한 인물인 제갈량에 대해 작자 나관중이 어떤 태도로 묘사하고 있으며, 그같은 묘사가 같는 문화적 의미가 무엇인지를 살펴보았다. 나관중은 《삼국지》에서 제갈량을 통해 고대 중국 지식인들의 정치적, 문화적 역할에 대한 기대를 표현하였다. 군주를 위해 헌신껏 보필하는 것, 자기의 이상으로 현실을 개혁하기 위해 최선을 다하는 중국 지식인의 전통 등을 제갈량의 모습을 통해 확인할 수 있는 것이다. It would not be too excessive to say that 《Sanguoyanyi》 is nearly the autobiography of Zhu Ge-Liang. The author of 《Sanguoyanyi》, took more efforts in describing Zhu Ge-Liang than the other characters. This paper aims to research Luo, Guan-Zhong's attitude in describing Zhu Ge-Liang, who is the most important character in 《Sanguoyanyi》, and to clarify. It's cultural meaning. Through Zhu Ge-Liang of 《Sanguoyanyi》, his great expectation of chinese intellectual's taking positive roles in Chinese polities and culture. Zhu Ge-Liang's image in 《Sanguoyanyi》 clearly shows the subject's dedication to his lord, and the traditional figure of chinese intellectuals. who did their best in reforming reality according to their own ideals.

蒲松齡民族歸屬問題硏究述評 : 蒲松齡의 民族歸屬問題 硏究論評

徐中偉 永同大學校 2001 硏究論叢 Vol.7 No.1

포송령(蒲松齡)은 어느민족인가? 이 같은 간단할 것 같은 문제가 학계에서는 오히려 아래와 같은 네 가지 견해를 보이고 있다. 즉 회족(回族), 여진족(女眞族), 몽고족(蒙古族), 한족(漢族) 등이 그것이다. 본 논문은 이러한 네 가지 견해에 대해 설명과 분석을 하였으며, 포송령이 한족(漢族)이라는 說이 비교적 설득력이 있다고 본다. What nationality was Pu Songling? In academic circles, there are four views regarding this seemingly simple question; Huizu, NuZhenZu, Mongol, Hanzu. This paper reviews the four views and argues that it is more convincing that Pu Songling belongs to Hanzu.

"雅愛搜神" 與《聊齊志異》 : 蒲松齡의 興趣와《聊齊志異》창작

徐中偉 永同大學校 1999 硏究論叢 Vol.5 No.1

문학작품은 작가의 현실과 인생에 대한 예술 관조라 하겠다. 특히 작가의 특수한 흥취와 애호가 각색을 연출하는 데 중요한 요인이 된다. 본고의 목적은 蒲松齡의《요齊志異》창작과정에 대하여 살펴보고, 그의 여우와 귀신에 대한 흥취가《요齊志異》를 창작한 주요 동기가 되었음을 고찰하는 데 있다. A literary work may be defined as a writer's contemplation of reality and human lives. Especially, the writer's own interest and taste play an important role in making the inherent color of his literary works. Specifically, among man famous Chinese writers, this paper deals with Pu Songling and his best work 《Liaozhaizhiyi》. The purpose of paper is twofold : First, it reviews the creation process of 《Liaozhaizhiyi》. Second, it argues that Pu Songling's own interest in or ardent love of foxes and ghosts was the core motivation of writing 《Liaozhaizhiyi》.

Selection signature reveals genes associated with susceptibility loci affecting respiratory disease due to pleiotropic and hitchhiking effect in Chinese indigenous pigs

Xu, Zhong,Sun, Hao,Zhang, Zhe,Zhang, Cheng-Yue,Zhao, Qing-bo,Xiao, Qian,Olasege, Babatunde Shittu,Ma, Pei-Pei,Zhang, Xiang-Zhe,Wang, Qi-Shan,Pan, Yu-Chun Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.2

Objective: Porcine respiratory disease is one of the most important health problems causing significant economic losses. To understand the genetic basis for susceptibility to swine enzootic pneumonia (EP) in pigs, we detected 102,809 single nucleotide polymorphisms in a total of 249 individuals based on genome-wide sequencing data. Methods: Genome comparison of susceptibility to swine EP in three pig breeds (Jinhua, Erhualian, and Meishan) with two western lines that are considered more resistant (Duroc and Landrace) using cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity and F-statistic (F_ST) statistical approaches identified 691 positively selected genes. Based on quantitative trait loci, gene ontology terms and literature search, we selected 14 candidate genes that have convincible biological functions associated with swine EP or human asthma. Results: Most of these genes were tested by several methods including transcription analysis and candidate genes association study. Among these genes: cytochrome P450 1A1 and catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) are involved in fertility; transforming growth factor beta receptor 3 plays a role in meat quality traits; Wnt family member 2, CTNNB1 and transcription factor 7 take part in adipogenesis and fat deposition simultaneously; plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (completely linked to AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, r² = 1) plays an essential role in the successful ovulation of matured oocytes in pigs; colipase like 2 (strongly linked to SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor, r² = 0.848) is involved in male fertility. Conclusion: These adverse genes susceptible to swine EP may be selected while selecting for economic traits (especially reproduction traits) due to pleiotropic and hitchhiking effect of linked genes. Our study provided a completely new point of view to understand the genetic basis for susceptibility or resistance to swine EP in pigs thereby, provides insight for designing sustainable breed selection programs. Finally, the candidate genes are crucial due to their potential roles in respiratory diseases in a large number of species, including human.

Myosin VI contributes to malignant proliferation of human glioma cells

Xu, Rong,Fang, Xu-hao,Zhong, Ping The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.2

Previously characterized as a backward motor, myosin VI (MYO6), which belongs to myosin family, moves toward the minus end of the actin track, a direction opposite to all other known myosin members. Recent researches have illuminated the role of MYO6 in human cancers, particularly in prostate cancer. However, the role of MYO6 in glioma has not yet been determined. In this study, to explore the role of MYO6 in human glioma, lentivirus-delivered short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting MYO6 was designed to stably down-regulate its endogenous expression in glioblastoma cells U251. Knockdown of MYO6 significantly inhibited viability and proliferation of U251 cells in vitro. Moreover, the cell cycle of U251 cells was arrested at G0/G1 phase with the absence of MYO6, which could contribute to the suppression of cell proliferation. In conclusion, we firstly identified the crucial involvement of MYO6 in human glioma. The inhibition of MYO6 by shRNA might be a potential therapeutic method in human glioma.

Insight into tidal disturbance on colonization surveys for marine bioassessment using periphytic ciliates based on biological trait analysis

Zhong, Xiaoxiao,Xu, Guangjian,Min, Gi-Sik,Kim, Sanghee,Xu, Henglong Elsevier 2019 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN Vol.149 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To understand tidal disturbance on the colonization dynamics in community functioning of the ciliates in marine ecosystems, a 1-month survey was conducted using the conventional slide system (CS) and the polyurethane foam enveloped slide system (PFES) in Korean coastal waters. The results showed considerable differences were detected in community functioning parameters between the two systems. The vagile, flattened forms feeding on periphytic microalgae showed a higher community-weighted mean (CWM) value, and the solitary-colonial pattern represented a more stable temporal variability during the colonization in the PFES system than the CS system. The temporal shift in community functioning of the ciliates showed different ways in both systems. The functional diversity measures generally levelled off at more stable values in the communities with ages of 13–15 days in the PFES system than the CS system. These results imply that the PFES system may be a workable method for bioassessment in marine ecosystems.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> There were differences in community functioning between the CS and PFES systems. </LI> <LI> The vagile, flattened forms showed higher CWM values in the PFES system. </LI> <LI> The solitary-colonial pattern showed a stable temporal variability in the PFES system. </LI> <LI> The dynamics of functional diversity were found more stable in the PFES system. </LI> <LI> The PFES system was effective for reducing the disturbance due to tidal events. </LI> </UL> </P>

Loss of Pten synergizes with c-Met to promote hepatocellular carcinoma development via mTORC2 pathway

Zhong Xu,Junjie Hu,Hui Cao,Maria G Pilo,Antonio Cigliano,Zixuan Shao,Meng Xu,Silvia Ribback,Frank Dombrowski,Diego F Calvisi,Xin Chen 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly malignancy with limited treatment options. Activation of the AKT/mTOR cascade is one of the most frequent events along hepatocarcinogenesis. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase and presents in two distinct complexes: mTORC1 and mTORC2. While mTORC1 has been extensively studied in HCC, the functional contribution of mTORC2 during hepatocarcinogenesis has not been well characterized, especially in vivo. Pten expression is one of the major mechanisms leading to the aberrant activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling. Here, we show that concomitant downregulation of Pten and upregulation of c-Met occurs in a subset of human HCC, mainly characterized by poor prognosis. Using CRISPR-based gene editing in combination with hydrodynamic injection, Pten was deleted in a subset of mouse hepatocytes (sgPten). We found that loss of Pten synergizes with overexpression of c-Met to promote HCC development in mice (sgPten/c-Met). At the molecular level, sgPten/c-Met liver tumor tissues display increased AKT and mTOR signaling. Using Rictor conditional knockout mice, we demonstrate that sgPten/c-Met-driven HCC development strictly depends on an intact mTORC2 complex. Our findings therefore support the critical role of mTORC2 in hepatocarcinogenesis. sgPten/c-Met mouse model represents a novel valuable system that can be used for the development of targeted therapy against this deadly malignancy.

Retraction notice to: Myosin VI contributes to malignant proliferation of human glioma cells

Xu, Rong,Fang, Xu-hao,Zhong, Ping The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.5

Dynamics of Yeast-like Symbiote and its Relationship with the Virulence of Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal, to Resistant Rice Varieties

Zhong-Xian Lu,Xiao-Ping Yu,Jian-Ming Chen,Xu-Song Zheng,Hong-Xing Xu,Jue-Feng Zhang Zhang,Lie-Zhong Chen 한국응용곤충학회 2004 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.7 No.3

Abundance of the yeast-like symbiote (YLS) in brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stl, collected from rice fields in China and obtained from International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), was monitored. The role of YLS in nymph survival rate, development and adult reproduction, and activities of transaminases in BPH on different resistant rice varieties were examined. Also, the relationship between YLS and virulence shifts of BPH to resistant rice varieties was discussed. The results indicated that the virulence of BPH populations to resistant rice varieties was strongly related to the abundance of YLS in 5th instar nymphs and brachypterous females of BPH field populations at Nanning in South China and Hangzhou in East China, showing the more abundance of YLS in BPH, the higher virulence of BPH to resistant rice varieties, while no obvious differences in YLS abundance were monitored between three BPH biotypes. Numbers of YLS reduced significantly in female adult of BPH biotype 1 fed on resistant rice varieties IR26, Mudgo and ASD7, compared with that fed on susceptible rice variety TN1. The lowest YLS abundance of BPH from field population was found in 2nd generation successively fed on resistant varieties, and the number of YLS was resumed at 4th generation when the BPH has adapted the resistant varieties. The markedly lower nymphal survival rate, adult fecundity and activities of alanine and aspartic transminase, and significantly longer nymph duration in the three aposymbiotic biotypes than in the symbiotic ones were recorded on both susceptible and resistant rice varieties. However, the much greater differences between aposymbiotic and symbiotic BPH were found on the inadaptable resistant rice varieties than that on the fitness resistant rice varieties. Those results implied that YLS in BPH should play a crucial role in the virulent shift of BPH populations to resistant rice varieties.

Molecular Characterization of an Isolate of Bean Common Mosaic Virus First Identified in Gardenia Using Metatranscriptome and Small RNA Sequencing

Zhong-Tian Xu,Hai-Tao Weng,Jian-Ping Chen,Chuan-Xi Zhang,Jun-Min Li,Yi-Yuan Li 한국식물병리학회 2024 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.40 No.1

Gardenia (<i>Gardenia jasminoides</i>) is a popular and economically vital plant known for its ornamental and medicinal properties. Despite its widespread cultivation, there has been no documentation of plant viruses on gardenia yet. In the present study, gardenia leaves exhibiting symptoms of plant viral diseases were sampled and sequenced by both metatranscriptome and small RNA sequencing. As a consequence, bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) was identified in gardenia for the first time and named BCMV-gardenia. The full genome sequence of BCMV-gardenia is 10,054 nucleotides (nt) in length (excluding the poly (A) at the 3′ termini), encoding a large polyprotein of 3,222 amino acids. Sequence analysis showed that the N-termini of the polyprotein encoded by BCMV-gardenia is less conserved when compared to other BCMV isolates, whereas the C-termini is the most conserved. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis showed that BCMV-gardenia was clustered closely with other BCMV isolates identified outside the leguminous plants. Our results indicated that the majority of BCMV-gardenia virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) were 21 nt and 22 nt, with 21 nt being more abundant. The first nucleotide at the 5′ termini of vsiRNAs derived from BCMV-gardenia preferred U and A. The ratio of vsiRNAs derived from sense (51.1%) and antisense (48.9%) strands is approaching, and the distribution of vsiRNAs along the viral genome is generally even, with some hot spots forming in local regions. Our findings could provide new insights into the diversity, evolution, and host expansion of BCMV and contribute to the prevention and treatment of this virus.