明代朝鮮與女眞的關係硏究

朴喜鎭 韓國暻園大學校아시아文化硏究所 中國中央民族大學韓國文化硏究所 2002 亞細亞文化硏究 Vol.6 No.-

Nuchen is the ancestry of Manchu who built Qing Dynasty, the last feudal empire of China. Early two or three thousand year ago forefathers of Nuchen began to inhabit in the northeastern area of China. Manchu is the minority which has the second largest population next to Zhuanzu of all the 55 minorities of China, and occupies and important position in the history of Chian. Lee Dynasty of Korea, after its establishment, made great efforts to launch multi-directional diplomacy in order to guarantee domestic political stability, economical and cutural development. Especially at the beginning of establishment the rulers actively enhanced the relationship with Ming Dynasty for the purpose of gaining legisimism. Of course Nuchen, another neighboring nation, was also an important existence. At that time Jianzhou Nuchen (one of the three major tribes of Nuchen, i.e. Haixi, Yeren, Jianzhou) had the most inseparable relationship with Korea geographically. This thesis will discuss the relationship between Korea and Nuchen putting the relationship of Korea and Jianzhou Nuchen at the central point. With the relationship between Korea and Jianzhou Nuchen as a central topic, this thesis elaborates power relationship of Northeastern Asia at that historical period, and at the same time analyses power struggle that Nuchen carried out with Ming Dynasty and Korean Dynasty, and studies how Ming Dynasty and Korean Dynasty maintained their relationship in the period of transitional development of Nuchen. First of all it analyses the influence of south moving of Nuchen to the relationship between Ming Dynasty and Korean Dynasty and the influence caused to Nuchen itself, and at the same time analyses its route and cause. Secondly through studying historical situation of the era of Yongle Emperor of Ming Dynasty, it analyses all the efforts that Korean and Ming Dynasty had made to control Nuchen. In other words, it elaborates how Ming Dynasty, the leader of the Northeastern Asia, and Korean Dynasty just established contended for Nuchen, how Korea tried to control Nuchen in its diplomacy with strong Ming Dynasty, and how Nuchen developed into agricultural nation from a hunting tribe amidst the struggle between the two powers. Thirdly it analyes the policy on Nuchen of the Korean Dynasty dividing it into placate and punitive policies. This thesis discusses amicable policy of Korea to become reconciled with Nuchen and how she punished Nuchen with its tough policy by making punitive expedition. Finally it discusses cultural intercourse between Korea and Nuchen. Whatever displomacy they carried, there were not only cultural interchanges participated by governments, but also spontaneous interchanges of culture between the people in the border area, as they were neighboring countries. This thesis discusses the method of cultural intercourse between the two nations and its influence to both nations. Above is the summary of this thesis. Historically the relationship between Korea and Nuchen is of great significance, but it used to be hidden behind the large shade of the relationship of Korea and China, and failed to be studied fully. Regarding this point, as a student who learns about minorities in the northeastern area of China, I decided to select this theme. I am afraid my talent and study are not sufficient, and made a lot of mistakes and lacks in the thesis. I hope all the teachers attended give me encouragement and tell me how to supplement indufficient points.

Enhancement of Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties of Thermoplastic Poly(lactic acid)/Quaternized Chitosan-Saponite Nanocomposites

Xi Xi,Weijun Zhen,Shengzhen Bian,Wentao Wang 한국고분자학회 2015 폴리머 Vol.39 No.4

Water-soluble N-(2-hydroxyl) propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC) was prepared with 2, 3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride grafting to the amino groups of chitosan. Then, chitosan quaternary ammonium intercalated saponite (HTCC-saponite) was synthesized with HTCC and saponite by ultrasonication intercalation. Compared with chitosan, HTCC had a good antibacterial effect. Thermoplastic poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/HTCC-saponite nanocomposites were prepared with HTCC-saponite and PLA by melt intercalation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) showed that HTCC was successfully synthesized by a modified method of two-step reaction. Moreover, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) also showed that saponite was intercalated or nearly exfoliated by HTCC. It was shown the mechanical properties of PLA/HTCC-saponite nanocomposites attained the optimum when the content of HTCC-saponite was 1 phr. The studies of thermal stability, crystallization and rheological behavior of PLA/HTCC-saponite nanocomposites demonstrated that PLA/HTCC-saponite nanocomposites exhibited high performance compared with PLA.

Performance and Structure Characterization of Poly(lactic acid)/Zinc Oxide Pillared Organic Saponite Nanocomposites by Solution Intercalation

Weijun Zhen,Shengzhen Bian,Jinlu Sun,Xi Xi 한국고분자학회 2016 폴리머 Vol.40 No.2

Zinc oxide (ZnO) pillared organic saponite was synthesized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) via a microwave hydrolysis method. Moreover, poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/ZnO pillared organic saponite nanocomposites were prepared by solution intercalation. The microstructure analysis suggested that ZnO pillared organic saponite appeared at an exfoliated or partially intercalated nanometer layer, which dispersed homogeneously in PLA matrix. The experimental results showed that ZnO pillared organic saponite improved the mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of PLA/ZnO pillared organic saponite nanocomposites. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results demonstrated that the ZnO pillared organic saponite eliminated the cold crystallization process, decreased the crystal size and obviously promoted the crystallinity of PLA, which was in accordance with XRD analysis results. At the same time, the properties of UV absorbance and antibacterial properties of nano ZnO were introduced into PLA.

Mortality Characteristic and Prediction of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in China from 1991 to 2013

Xu, Zhen-Xi,Lin, Zhi-Xiong,Fang, Jia-Ying,Wu, Ku-Sheng,Du, Pei-Ling,Zeng, Yang,Tang, Wen-Rui,Xu, Xiao-Ling,Lin, Kun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Background: To analyze the mortality distribution of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China from 1991 to 2013, to predict the mortality in the ensuing five years, and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Mortality data for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in China from 1991 to 2013 were used to describe its epidemiological characteristics, such as the change of the standardized mortality rate, sex and age differences, urban-rural differences. Trend-surface analysis was used to study the geographical distribution of the mortality. Curve estimation, time series, gray modeling, and joinpoint regression were used to predict the mortality for the ensuing five years in the future. Results: In China, the standardized mortality rate of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma increased with time from 1996, reaching the peak values of $1.45/10^5$ at the year of 2002, and decreased gradually afterwards. With males being 1.51 times higher than females, and the city had a higher rate than the rural during the past two decades. The mortality rate increased from age 40. Geographical analysis showed the mortality rate increased from middle to southern China. Conclusions: The standardized mortality rate of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma is falling. The regional disease control for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma should be focused on Guangdong province of China, and the key targets for prevention and treatment are rural men, especially after the age of 40. The mortality of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma will decrease in the next five years.

明代朝鲜与女真的关系研究

朴喜?(Piao Xi-Zhen) 가천대학교 아시아문화연구소 2002 아시아문화연구 Vol.6 No.-

Nuchen is the ancestry of Manchu who built Qing Dynasty, the last feudal empire of China. Early two or three thousand years ago forefathers of Nuchen began to inhabit in the northeastern area of China. Manchu is the minority which has the second largest population next to Zhuanzu of all the 55 minorities of China, and occupies an important position in the history of China. Lee Dynasty of Korea, after its establishment, made great efforts to launch multi -directional diplomacy in order to guarantee domestic political stability, economical and cultural development. Especially at the beginning of establishment the rulers actively enhanced the relationship with Ming Dynasty for the purpose of gaining legitimism. Of course Nuchen, another neighboring nation, was also an important existence. At that time Jianzhou Nuchen (one of the three major tribes of Nuchen, i.e. Haixi, Yeren, Jianzhou) had the most inseparable relationship with Korea geographically. This thesis will discuss the relationship between Korea and Nuchen putting the relationship of Korea and Jianzhou Nuchen at the central point. With the relationship between Korea and Jianzhou Nuchen as a central topic, this thesis elaborates power relationship of Northeastern Asia at that historical period, and at the same time analyses power struggle that Nuchen carried out with Ming Dynasty and Korean Dynasty, and studies how Ming Dynasty and Korean Dynasty maintained their relationship in the period of transitional development of Nuchen. First of all it analyses the influence of south moving of Nuchen to the relationship between Ming Dynasty and Korean Dynasty and the influence caused to Nuchen itself, and at the same time analyses its route and cause. Secondly through studying historical situation of the era of Yongle Emperor of Ming Dynasty, it analyses all the efforts that Korean and Ming Dynasty had made to control Nuchen. In other words, it elaborates how Ming Dynasty, the leader of the Northeastern Asia, and Korean Dynasty just established contended for Nuchen, how Korea tried to control Nuchen in its diplomacy with strong Ming Dynasty, and how Nuchen developed into agricultural nation from a hunting tribe amidst the struggle beween the two powers. Thirdly it analyses the policy on Nuchen of the Korean Dynasty dividing it into placate and punitive policies. This thesis discusses amicable policy of Korea to become reconciled with Nuchen and how she punished Nuchen with its tough policy by making punitive expedition. Finally it discusses cultural intercourse between Korea and Nuchen. Whatever diplomacy they carried, there were not only cultural interchanges participated by governments, but also spontaneous interchanges of culture between the people in the border area, as they were neighboring countries. This thesis discusses the method of cultural intercourse between the two nations and its influence to both nations. Above is the summary of this thesis. Historically the relationship between Korea and Nuchen is of great significance, but it used to be hidden behind the large shade of the relationship of Korea and China, and failed to be studied fully. Regarding this point, as a student who learns about minorities in the northeastern area of China, I decided to select this theme. I am afraid my talent and study are not sufficient, and made a lot of mistakes and lacks in the thesis. I hope all the teachers attended give me encouragement and tell me how to supplement insufficient points.

Control-Oriented Modeling of a Three-Dimensional Hypersonic Vehicle with Rigid/Flexible Coupling

Xi-bin Zhang,Yu-mei Ding,Zhen-xing Zhang 한국항공우주학회 2022 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.23 No.2

Modeling for a hypersonic vehicle is a great challenging task due to its tightly integrated airframe/propulsion system and flexible structure. A three-dimensional, six-degree-of-freedom, physics-based hypersonic vehicle model is being established that can capture the real physical characteristics for control studies. Flexible effects, aerodynamic loads and viscous effects are calculated using or combining variation method, shock/expansion theory and Eckert’s reference temperature method. Based on curve fit approximation of the forces and moments of the vehicle, a control-oriented six-degree-of-freedom model is then developed. The simulations illustrate that the surrogate model contain aerodynamic/structure/propulsion interactions of the vehicle, and can support designing of the model-based control.

The SH2 domain is crucial for function of Fyn in neuronal migration and cortical lamination

( Xi Lu ),( Xin De Hu ),( Ling Zhen Song ),( Lei An ),( Ming Hui Duan ),( Shu Lin Chen ),( Shan Ting Zhao ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2015 BMB Reports Vol.48 No.2

Neurons in the developing brain form the cortical plate (CP) in an inside-out manner, in which the late-born neurons are located more superficially than the early-born neurons. Fyn, a member of the Src family kinases, plays an important role in neuronal migration by binding to many substrates. However, the role of the Src-homology 2 (SH2) domain in function of Fyn in neuronal migration remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the SH2 domain is essential for the action of Fyn in neuronal migration and cortical lamination. A point mutation in the Fyn SH2 domain (FynR176A) impaired neuronal migration and their final location in the cerebral cortex, by inducing neuronal aggregation and branching. Thus, we provide the first evidence of the Fyn SH2 domain contributing to neuronal migration and neuronal morphogenesis. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(2): 97-102]

Effect of the Molar Ratio of Li/Ti and Thermal Treatment on the Electrochemical Performance of Li4Ti5O12–rutile TiO2 Nanocomposite as Anode Materials

Zhen Yang,Xi-Ping Li,Jian Mao 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.8

Li4Ti5O12–rutile TiO2 (LTO–RTO) dual-phase nanocomposite anode materials show excellent electrochemical performance. However, the effects of molar ratio of Li/Ti and thermal treatment on electrochemical properties of the LTO–RTO composite have been rarely reported. In this work, LTO–RTO nanocomposites were prepared by sol-hydrothermal method with different Li/ Ti molar ratios in raw materials and following calcinations at 600℃, 650℃ and 700℃ for the different holding time. The results indicate that with the decrease of Li/Ti molar ratio, the discharge capacity of the LTO–RTO nanocomposite increases at first and then decreases, and the optimal Li/Ti molar ratio is 4:4.77, which was obtained with calcination at 600℃ for 10 h. The effects of calcination temperature and holding time were further investigated. The result demonstrates that the thermal treatment has an obvious influence on the electrochemical performance due to the morphology change in the nanocomposite. The LTO–RTO nanocomposite calcinated at 650℃ for 2 h with a Li/Ti molar ratio of 4:4.77 in raw materials delivers excellent rate capability: the initial discharge capacity is 175.9, 176.3, 170.4, 167.5, 163.3 and 155.6 mA h g-1 at the rate of 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 10 and 20℃ (1 C = 175 mA h g-1), respectively.

Generation of Cloned Transgenic Cats Expressing Red Fluorescence Protein1

Yin, Xi Jun,Lee, Hyo Sang,Yu, Xian Feng,Choi, Eugene,Koo, Bon Chul,Kwon, Mo Sun,Lee, Young S.,Cho, Su Jin,Jin, Guang Zhen,Kim, Lyoung Hyo,Shin, Hyoung Doo,Kim, Teoan,Kim, Nam Hyung,Kong, Il Keun Oxford University Press 2008 BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION Vol.78 No.3

<P>A method for engineering and producing genetically modified cats is important for generating biomedical models of human diseases. Here we describe the use of somatic cell nuclear transfer to produce cloned transgenic cats that systemically express red fluorescent protein. Immature oocytes were collected from superovulating cat ovaries. Donor fibroblasts were obtained from an ear skin biopsy of a white male Turkish Angora cat, cultured for one to two passages, and subjected to transduction with a retrovirus vector designed to transfer and express the red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene. A total of 176 RFP cloned embryos were transferred into 11 surrogate mothers (mean = 16 +/- 7.5 per recipient). Three surrogate mothers were successfully impregnated (27.3%) and delivered two liveborn and one stillborn kitten at 65 to 66 days of gestation. Analysis of nine feline-specific microsatellite loci confirmed that the cloned cats were genetically identical to the donor cat. Presence of the RFP gene in the transgenic cat genome was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analyses. Whole-body red fluorescence was detected 60 days after birth in the liveborn transgenic (TG) cat but not in the surrogate mother cat. Red fluorescence was detected in tissue samples, including hair, muscle, brain, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, bronchus, lung, stomach, intestine, tongue, and even excrement of the stillborn TG cat. These results suggest that this nuclear transfer procedure using genetically modified somatic cells could be useful for the efficient production of transgenic cats.</P>

Knockdown of SMYD3 by RNA interference inhibits cervical carcinoma cell growth and invasion in vitro

Shu Zhen Wang,Xue Gang Luo,Jing Shen,Jia Ning Zou,Yun Hua Lu,Tao Xi 한국생화학분자생물학회 2008 BMB Reports Vol.41 No.4