Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Morphology of Salivary Glands in Patients with Cerebral Palsy

Zee-Ihn Lee,Dong-Hyun Cho,Won-Duck Choi,박동휘,Seung-Deuk Byun 대한재활의학회 2011 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.35 No.5

Objective To investigate the eff ect of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) on drooling and the morphologic change of the salivary gland in patients with cerebral palsy. Method Eight cerebral palsy patients suffering from severe drooling participated in this study. BTXA was injected into both submandibular and parotid glands under intravenous sedation and with ultrasound guidance (1 unit/gland/kg: maximum 100 units) in an outpatient or inpatient procedure. The severity of drooling was measured before injection and 3 weeks after injection using the Teacher Drooling Scale, the Drooling Score-severity,frequency and the Visual Analog Scale. To investigate the morphologic change of the salivary glands, the size of salivary glands were measured before injection and 3 weeks after injection using computed tomography of the neck. The measurement values were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results Statistically significant improvements were shown in all three parameters for assessing the severity of drooling after BTXA injections (p<0.05). Size of the salivary glands were signifi cantly decreased at 3 weeks after BTXA injection (p<0.05). Conclusion Salivary gland injection with BTXA could be a useful treatment method to reduce drooling in patients with cerebral palsy and decreased size of salivary glands may partially explain the mechanism.

Single Cell Array of Biotinylated Cells Using Surface Functionalization and Microcontact Printing

Lee, Zee-Won,Lee, Kyung-Bok,Hong, Jang-Hee,Kim, Jae-Hong,Choi, Inpyo,Choi, Insung S. Chemical Society of Japan 2005 Chemistry letters Vol.34 No.5

<P>This paper describes a versatile method for generating single cell arrays on a glass substrate, which could be applicable to any arbitrary cell types, by a combination of surface functionalization, biotinylation of cells, and microcontact printing (μCP).</P>

Charge Transfer Enhancement in the SERS of a Single Molecule

Park, Won-Hwa,Kim, Zee Hwan American Chemical Society 2010 NANO LETTERS Vol.10 No.10

<P>We measured the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of individual gold nanoparticle-4-aminobenzenethiol (ABT)-gold film junctions to investigate the charge-transfer (CT) enhancement of the SERS signals. Despite the mild electromagnetic field enhancement (∼10<SUP>5</SUP>) and high surface density of the ABT-molecules (∼240 molecules/hotspot) at the junctions, we observed the clear spectral and temporal signatures of CT-enhanced single-molecule SERS (SM-SERS). The result reveals that only a small fraction of the molecules at the junction has a significant CT-enhancement of 10<SUP>1</SUP>∼10<SUP>3</SUP>, whereas the rest of the molecules are nearly CT-inactive. Furthermore, the result also proves that overall (charge-transfer and electromagnetic) enhancement of 10<SUP>6</SUP>∼10<SUP>8</SUP> is sufficient to observe the SM-SERS of an electronically off-resonant molecule, which disproves the widespread belief that a minimum enhancement of ∼10<SUP>14</SUP> is required for SM-SERS.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2010/nalefd.2010.10.issue-10/nl102026p/production/images/medium/nl-2010-02026p_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl102026p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Proteomic analysis of the secretome of rice calli

Cho, Won Kyong,Chen, Xiong Yan,Chu, Hyosub,Rim, Yeonggil,Kim, Suwha,Kim, Sun Tae,Kim, Seon-Won,Park, Zee-Yong,Kim, Jae-Yean Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Physiologia plantarum Vol.135 No.4

<P>The cell wall and extracellular matrix in higher plants include secreted proteins that play critical roles in a wide range of cellular processes, such as structural integrity and biogenesis. Compared with the intensive cell wall proteomic studies in <I>Arabidopsis</I>, the list of cell wall proteins identified in monocot species is lacking. Therefore, we conducted a large-scale proteomic analysis of secreted proteins from rice. Highly purified secreted rice proteins were obtained from the medium of a suspension of callus culture and were analyzed with multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT). As a result, we could detect a total of 555 rice proteins by MudPIT analysis. Based on bioinformatic analyses, 27.7% (154 proteins) of the identified proteins are considered to be secreted proteins because they possess a signal peptide for the secretory pathway. Among the 154 identified proteins, 27% were functionally categorized as stress response proteins, followed by metabolic proteins (26%) and factors involved in protein modification (24%). Comparative analysis of cell wall proteins from <I>Arabidopsis </I>and rice revealed that one third of the secreted rice proteins overlapped with those of <I>Arabidopsis</I>. Furthermore, 25 novel rice-specific secreted proteins were found. This work presents the large scale of the rice secretory proteome from culture medium, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the rice secretome.</P>

Proteome study of the phloem sap of pumpkin using multidimensional protein identification technology

Cho, Won Kyong,Chen, Xiong-Yan,Rim, Yeonggil,Chu, Hyosub,Kim, Suwha,Kim, Seon-Won,Park, Zee-Yong,Kim, Jae-Yean Elsevier 2010 Journal of plant physiology Vol.167 No.10

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The phloem is the major transport route for both small substances and large molecules, such as proteins and RNAs, from their sources to sink tissues. To investigate the proteins present in pumpkin phloem sap, proteome analysis using multidimensional protein identification technology was carried out. Pumpkin phloem peptides obtained by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry were searched against pumpkin protein data derived from the National Center for Biotechnology Information. A total of 47 pumpkin phloem proteins were identified. The identified proteins mainly corresponded to enzymes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis, antioxidation processes, or defense mechanisms. Interestingly, seven enzymes required for gibberellin biosynthesis were identified for the first time by this proteomics approach. In summary, the new phloem proteins identified in this study provide strong evidence for stress and defense signaling and new insights regarding the role of gibberellin in the developmental programming of higher plants through the phloem.</P>

Proteomic Analysis to Identify Tightly-Bound Cell Wall Protein in Rice Calli

Cho, Won Kyong,Hyun, Tae Kyung,Kumar, Dhinesh,Rim, Yeonggil,Chen, Xiong Yan,Jo, Yeonhwa,Kim, Suwha,Lee, Keun Woo,Park, Zee-Yong,Lucas, William J.,Kim, Jae-Yean Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.8

Rice is a model plant widely used for basic and applied research programs. Plant cell wall proteins play key roles in a broad range of biological processes. However, presently, knowledge on the rice cell wall proteome is rudimentary in nature. In the present study, the tightly-bound cell wall proteome of rice callus cultured cells using sequential extraction protocols was developed using mass spectrometry and bioinformatics methods, leading to the identification of 1568 candidate proteins. Based on bioinformatics analyses, 389 classical rice cell wall proteins, possessing a signal peptide, and 334 putative non-classical cell wall proteins, lacking a signal peptide, were identified. By combining previously established rice cell wall protein databases with current data for the classical rice cell wall proteins, a comprehensive rice cell wall proteome, comprised of 496 proteins, was constructed. A comparative analysis of the rice and Arabidopsis cell wall proteomes revealed a high level of homology, suggesting a predominant conservation between monocot and eudicot cell wall proteins. This study importantly increased information on cell wall proteins, which serves for future functional analyses of these identified rice cell wall proteins.

Extended latex proteome analysis deciphers additional roles of the lettuce laticifer

Cho, Won-Kyong,Chen, Xiong-Yan,Rim, Yeong-Gil,Chu, Hyo-Sub,Jo, Yeon-Hwa,Kim, Su-Wha,Park, Zee-Yong,Kim, Jae-Yean The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2010 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.4 No.4

Lettuce is an economically important leafy vegetable that accumulates a milk-like sap called latex in the laticifer. Previously, we conducted a large-scale lettuce latex proteomic analysis. However, the identified proteins were obtained only from lettuce ESTs and proteins deposited in NCBI databases. To extend the number of known latex proteins, we carried out an analysis identifying 302 additional proteins that were matched to the NCBI non-redundant protein database. Interestingly, the newly identified proteins were not recovered from lettuce EST and protein databases, indicating the usefulness of this hetero system in MudPIT analysis. Gene ontology studies revealed that the newly identified latex proteins are involved in many processes, including many metabolic pathways, binding functions, stress responses, developmental processes, protein metabolism, transport and signal transduction. Application of the non-redundant plant protein database led to the identification of an increased number of latex proteins. These newly identified latex proteins provide a rich source of information for laticifer research.

Photolithographical Immobilization of Biomolecules onto Non-Biofouling Surfaces

Lee, Zee-Won,Lee, Kyung-Bok,Hong, Jang-Hee,Kim, Jae-Hong,Cheong, Chae-Joon,Choi, In-Sung S. Korean Chemical Society 2005 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.26 No.8

High-Resolution Fluorescence Near-Field Imaging of Individual Nanoparticles via the Tip-Induced Quenching Technique

Park, Won-Hwa,Kim, Zee-Hwan Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.12

We demonstrate that high-resolution (~60 nm) near-field fluorescence images of fluorescent nanospheres can be obtained by utilizing the tip-induced fluorescence quenching process. A time-stamped photon counting (TSPC) technique employed enables us to efficiently measure the degree of fluorescence quenching caused by the dielectric or metallic atomic force microscopy tip. We find that the degree of quenching is not only determined by the tip-material but also by the local morphology of the tip. The fringe patterns around individual nanospheres observed are explained in terms of the interference between the excitation field that is directly induced by the laser source, and the scattered excitation field from the tip.

Locus-Specific Reversible DNA Methylation Regulates Transient IL-10 Expression in Th1 Cells

Hwang, Won,Lee, Choong-Gu,Lee, Changhon,Verma, Ravi,Rudra, Dipayan,Park, Zee Yong,Im, Sin-Hyeog American Association of Immunologists 2018 Journal of Immunology Vol. No.

<P>IL-10 is a pleiotropic cytokine with multifaceted functions in establishing immune homeostasis. Although expressed by Th1 and Th2 cells, conventional Th1 cells produce marginal levels of IL-10 compared with their Th2 counterparts. In this study, we investigated the epigenetic mechanisms of <I>Il-10</I> gene expression in Th1 cells. Bioinformatics EMBOSS CpG plot analysis and bisulfite pyrosequencing revealed three CpG DNA methylation sites in the <I>Il-10</I> gene locus. Progressive DNA methylation at all of the CpG regions of interest (ROIs) established a repressive program of <I>Il-10</I> gene expression in Th1 cells. Interestingly, Th1 cells treated with IL-12 and IL-27 cytokines, thereby mimicking a chronic inflammatory condition in vivo, displayed a significant increase in IL-10 production that was accompanied by selective DNA demethylation at ROI 3 located in intron 3. IL-10–producing T cells isolated from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus–infected mice also showed enhanced DNA demethylation at ROI 3. Binding of STAT1 and STAT3 to demethylated ROI 3 enhanced IL-10 expression in an IL-12/IL-27–dependent manner. Accordingly, CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells isolated from STAT1- or STAT3-knockout mice were significantly defective in IL-10 production. Our data suggest that, although stably maintained DNA methylation at the promoter may repress IL-10 expression in Th1 cells, locus-specific reversible DNA demethylation may serve as a threshold platform to control transient <I>Il-10</I> gene expression.</P>