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Heavy Metal Concentrations in Cetaceans from Korean Coast
KIM, Zang Geun,Kim, Sang Soo,Choi, Hee Gu,Kim, Pyoung Joong,Lee, Pil Yong,Moon, Hyo Bang 한국수산학회 2001 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.4 No.2
For the first time the concentrations of copper, zinc, lead, cadmium and crome in the tissues from 17 specimens of cetaceans of Korean coast were determined. The measured concentrations of trace elements were considerably lower than the concentrations previously reported in cetaceans. In inter-species, Cd levels were higher in the kidney of Stejneger's beaked whales and the stomach, liver and lung of Risso's dolphin than in the tissues of minke whale and humpback whale.
Cho, Zang-Hee,Min, Hoon-Ki,Oh, Se-Hong,Han, Jae-Yong,Park, Chan-Woong,Chi, Je-Geun,Kim, Young-Bo,Paek, Sun Ha,Lozano, Andres M.,Lee, Kendall H. Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group 2010 Journal of Neurosurgery Vol.113 No.3
<B>Object</B><P>A challenge associated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating advanced Parkinson disease (PD) is the direct visualization of brain nuclei, which often involves indirect approximations of stereotactic targets. In the present study, the authors compared T2*-weighted images obtained using 7-T MR imaging with those obtained using 1.5- and 3-T MR imaging to ascertain whether 7-T imaging enables better visualization of targets for DBS in PD.</P><B>Methods</B><P>The authors compared 1.5-, 3-, and 7-T MR images obtained in 11 healthy volunteers and 1 patient with PD.</P><B>Results</B><P>With 7-T imaging, distinct images of the brain were obtained, including the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and internal globus pallidus (GPi). Compared with the 1.5- and 3-T MR images of the STN and GPi, the 7-T MR images showed marked improvements in spatial resolution, tissue contrast, and signal-to-noise ratio.</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>Data in this study reveal the superiority of 7-T MR imaging for visualizing structures targeted for DBS in the management of PD. This finding suggests that by enabling the direct visualization of neural structures of interest, 7-T MR imaging could be a valuable aid in neurosurgical procedures.</P>
2001년 춘계 황해 목시조사에 의한 밍크고래, Balaenoptera acutorostrata의 풍도 추정
손호선,김장근,Tomio Miyashita 한국수산자원학회 2001 한국수산자원학회지 Vol.4 No.-
직선횡단법에 의한 황해의 춘계 밍크고래 목시조사는 2000년 52차 국제포경위원회 과학위원회에서 승인된 조사계획에 따라, 2001년 4월 18일부터 5월 17일까지 30일간 국립수산진흥원 조사선 탐구3호(360 G/T, 선미트롤형)를 이용하여 경도 123˚-126˚ E와 위도 34˚ 18'-37˚ 18' N사이의 수역을 조사하였다. 조사 및 분석결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 조사는 짙은 안개와 기상등 목시조건의 악화로 계획된 직선항로의 56.9%인 총 810.5 n.m.을 조사할 수 있었으며, 1차 목시노력으로 연안에서 20군 21두, 외해에서 8군 8두로서 총 28군 29두를 발견하였다. 조사거리(L)당 발견율은 0.035 pod/n.m., 조사시간에 대한 발견율은 0.414 pod/hour였다. 발견 밍크고래의 분포는 위도 35˚N이북에 분포하였으며 위도 35˚50' 이북 수역의 연안과 외해에서는 밀집 분포하였다. 2. 관측 위치별 발견은 총 28회의 목시중 13회는 망통에서, 14회는 상갑판에서 1회는 망통과 상갑판에서 동시에 발견되어, 발견의 77.7%가 4명의 관측자 중 2명의 관측자에 의해 이루어져 목시관측자의 개인적 능력에 따라 발견율은 크게 좌우되었다. 3. 총 28회의 밍크고래 목시별 풍력계급은 보퍼트풍력계급 2에서 7.1%, 3에서 67.9%, 4에서 25.0%로 나타났다. 4. 발견고래의 직선항로로부터의 수직거리 빈도분포는 직관으로 대략적인 half-normal 분포를 나타내었으며, 최대 수직거리는 0.9 n.m으로 나타났으며, 고래발견 수직거리의 어림오차에 대한 발견각도와 거리의 보정치는 각각 13.220과 0.2000이었다. 빈도 분포의 절사는 세가지 주요 모델 (Uniform, Half-Normal and Hazard-Rate models)과 세가지 보정방법(Cosine, Simple polynomial and Hermite polynomial methods)으로 계산한 결과, Half-Normal 모델이 가장 낮은 AIC 값을 나타내었다. 5. 추정된 풍도는 가장 낮은 AIC 값을 나타낸 Half-Normal 모델에서 1,685두(변동계수 23.89%, 95% 신뢰구간 1,042-2,726)이었다. 고래류의 풍도 추정에 가장 좋은 적합도를 보이는 Hazard-Rate 모델에서는 1.267두(변동계수 23.46%, 신뢰구간 789-2,034)이었다. To describe the distribution and to estimate the abundance of minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in the Yellow Sea, we conducted a whale sighting survey onboard the R/V Tamgu 3 (360 G/T), from mid-April to mid-May 2001. The survey area was bounded on the longitude by 123˚-126˚ E and on the latitude by 34˚ 18'-37˚ 18' N, which was 15.7% of the whole area of the Yellow Sea. The whale sightings were made in naked eyes, where closing mode was used for species identification and the pod size estimation. The total distance surveyed was 810.3 n.m., which was 56.9% of the plan (1423.5 n.m.) due to the inadequate sighting conditions, strong northwest wind and heavy fog. 28 schools (29 animals) of minke whales were observed in primary sightings and 1 school (1 animal) on off-effort, of which 20 schools (21 animals) in the coastal area and 8 schools (8 animals) in offshore. Sighting rate per distance and hours were 0.035 pod/n.m and 0.414 pod/hour, respectively. Sightings of minke whales were made north of 35˚ N and showed aggregation north of 35˚ 50' N both in the coastal and offshore areas. Sighting allocation between top barrel and upper bridge was almost equal but that by observer was highly biased to 2 observers who made 77.7% of the sightings. Perpendicular distance sampled showed quasi half-normal distribution with 0.9 n.m. of extreme right tails. Rounding errors of distances and angles made by observers were smeared 13.220 and 0.200, respectively. Of the models examined for accuracy and precision in terms of AIC and CV, we adopted Half-Normal model, which estimated 1,685 animals (CV=23.89%, 95% C.I.(1,042-2,726)) in the survey area.
Song, Kyung-Jun,Kim, Zang-Geun,An, Yong-Rock,Choi, Seok-Gwan,Sohn, Haw-Sun,Zhang, Chang-Ik The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2008 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.11 No.3
The feasibility of photo-identification techniques for the bottlenose dolphins from Jeju Island, Korea, and the potential for dolphin watching were simultaneously evaluated in this study. During the sighting survey, a pod of bottlenose dolphins composed of approximately 30 individuals was observed in the southwestern coastal area of Jeju Island. Among 35 suitable photographs, five bottlenose dolphin individuals were identified and cataloged using unique nicks and notches on their dorsal fins. This shows that the Jeju Island dolphins can be individually identified by the nicks and notches on their dorsal fins using photo-identification techniques. Furthermore, the Jeju Island population appears to be suitable for long-term population biology studies using this technique. The potential for dolphin watching around the island would be higher if more information on the seasonal distribution, movement, and residency of this population were obtained.