Biochemical Changes of CaMsrB2 Expressing Transgenic Rice Seed during Germination in Heavy Metal Stress Environment

Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui,이강현,김연식,이강섭,조정일,박수철 한국육종학회 2019 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.7 No.3

Biochemical changes of CaMsrB2 expressing transgenic rice seed during germination in heavy metal stress condition were studied. Transgenic lines, L-8 (single copy) and L-23 (two copy), along with WT were evaluated under metal stress conditions. All the plants were treated with different metals and their two selected concentration. Final germination rate, changes in amylase activity, total protein, reducing and total sugar was observed in all treated and control samples. Metal stress showed considerable impact on final germination rate in CaMsrB2 expressing transgenic rice seed. Application of lead salt showed 100% germination in L-23 compared to Zn and Cu. However, maximum germination rate was recorded in L-23 seed when it was treated with 4 mM PbCl2 and 0.5 mM CuCl2 compared to WT. Amylase activity and total reducing sugar was increased in transgenic rice seed treated with 2 mM and 4 mM PbCl2 as compared to WT. L-23 showed substantial increase in amylase activity and total reducing sugar compared to L-8 and WT. However, transgenic seeds treated with Zn and Cu showed substantial decreased in amylase activity and total reducing sugar with few exceptions. L-23 performed well regarding amylase activity and total reducing sugars in metal stress condition particularly in Pb as compared to Cu and Zn. CaMsrB2 expressing transgenic seed germination and their carbohydrate metabolism under metal stress condition were discussed. It was evident from the data that PbCl2 showed better germination rate due to enhance amylase activity and carbohydrate mobilization of CaMsrB2 expressing transgenic seed as compared to Cu and Zn.

Physiological responses of two halophytic grass species under drought stress environment

Siddiqui, Zamin Shaheed,Shahid, Huda,Cho, Jung-Il,Park, Sung-Han,Ryu, Tae-Hun,Park, Soo-Chul De Gruyter Open 2016 Acta botanica Croatica Vol.75 No.1

<P>The physiological responses of two halophytic grass species, Halopyrum mucronatum (L.) Staph. and Cenchrus ciliaris (L.), under drought stress were evaluated. Biomass accumulation, relative water content, free proline, H2O2 content, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic performance and quantum yield (Fv/Fm ratio) were studied. Under drought conditions, these halophytic plants expressed differential responses to water deficit. Stomatal conductance and free proline content were higher in H. mucronatum than in C. ciliaris, while H2O2 content in H. mucronatum was substantially lower than in C. ciliaris. Performance index showed considerable sensitivity to a water deficit condition, more so in C. ciliaris than in H. mucronatum. Results were discussed in relation to comparative physiological performance and antioxidant enzymes activity of both halophytic grasses under drought stress.</P>

Characterization of Plant-Growth-Promoting Traits of Acinetobacter Species Isolated from Rhizosphere of Pennisetum glaucum

( Rokhbakhsh Zamin Farokh ),( Dhara Sachdev ),( Nadia Kazemi Pour ),( Anupama Engineer ),( Karishma R. Pardesi ),( Smita Zinjarde ),( Prashant K. Dhakephalkar ),( Balu A. Chopade ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.6

A total of 31 Acinetobacter isolates were obtained from the rhizosphere of Pennisetum glaucum and evaluated for their plant-growth-promoting traits. Two isolates, namely Acinetobacter sp. PUCM1007 and A. baumannii PUCM1029, produced indole acetic acid (10-13 μg/ml). A total of 26 and 27 isolates solubilized phosphates and zinc oxide, respectively. Among the mineral-solubilizing strains, A. calcoaceticus PUCM1006 solubilized phosphate most efficiently (84 mg/ml), whereas zinc oxide was solubilized by A. calcoaceticus PUCM1025 at the highest solubilization efficiency of 918%. All the Acinetobacter isolates, except PUCM1010, produced siderophores. The highest siderophore production (85.0 siderophore units) was exhibited by A. calcoaceticus PUCM1016. Strains PUCM1001 and PUCM1019 (both A. calcoaceticus) and PUCM1022 (Acinetobacter sp.) produced both hydroxamate- and catechol-type siderophores, whereas all the other strains only produced catechol-type siderophores. In vitro inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum under iron-limited conditions was demonstrated by the siderophore-producing Acinetobacter strains, where PUCM1018 was the most potent inhibitor of the fungal phytopathogen. Acinetobacter sp. PUCM1022 significantly enhanced the shoot height, root length, and root dry weights of pearl millet seedlings in pot experiments when compared with controls, underscoring the plant-growth-promoting potential of these isolates.

Ion accumulation of five rice cultivars in drought and salt stress environment

Hye-Jin Yoon,Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui,Seung-Bum Lee,An-Cheol Chang,Seok Cheol Suh,Eun-Jung Suh,Yeon-Hee Lee 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07

Drought and salinity are the major abiotic stresses which are being continued to hamper the ecosystem and agriculture of the affected region. Plant species have adaptations to enhance their ability to tolerate stresses through physiological adjustment. Therefore, substantial amount of research are ongoing to provide insights about those mechanisms which enlighten the stress tolerance in plant. In this study, several rice cultivars were collected from the different parts of the world and ion accumulation experiments were conducted to select the best stress tolerant cultivar in drought and salt stress environment. For stress treatment, five rice cultivars were subjected to salt (200 mM NaCl) and drought (200 mM Mannitol) for 72h. Later Na+, Ca++, K+ concentrations in shoot and root samples were examined at different time interval. In both drought and salt stress, rice cultivar C201 (collected for uzbekistan) showed the lowest levels of Na+ ion and Na+: K+ ratio compared to other cultivars. It was significant parallel observation with pokkali (known salt tolerant cultivar). In this preliminary study, it was observed the C201 had more stress tolerant in terms of ion accumulation; however detail physiological studies are required to strengthen the idea regarding the best stress tolerant physiotype.

Physiological mechanism of drought tolerance in CaMsrB2-expressing transgenic rice plants

Jung-Il Cho,Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui,Sung-Han Park,Soo-Chul Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

The MethioninesulfoxidereductaseB2(MsrB2) gene catalyzes the reduction of free and protein-bound methionine sulfoxide to methionine and is known to provide tolerance to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. There have yet to be any reports that MsrB2 enhances drought tolerance. Two drought-tolerant transgenic rice lines, L-8 (single copy) and L-23 (two copy), expressing the Capsicum annuum MsrB2 (CaMsrB2) gene were selected for stress tolerance phenotyping under drought stress conditions. CaMsrB2 enhanced relative water content (RWC), maintained substantial quantum yield (Fv/Fm ratio), and subsequently improved photosynthetic pigments. Interestingly, L-23, carrying two-copy T-DNA insertion, showed greater drought tolerance through more effective stomatal regulation, carotenoid concentration, and osmotic potential than the wild type. High-tech infrared technology (FLIR SC620) was used for the selection of stress-tolerant physiotypes. Later, the IR results were correlated with other tested physiological parameters. The IR images, average plant temperature, and physiological parameters of the treated plants were discussed in detail.

Over-expression of PsGPD, a mushroom glyceraldehyde-3-phosphat dehydrogenase gene, enhances salt tolerance in rice plants

Dan-Be Park,Jung-Il Cho,Hyemin Lim,Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui,Sung-Han Park,Mi-Jeong Jeong,Gang-Seob Lee,Soo-Chul Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Transgenic potatoes expressing glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD), isolated from the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus sajor-caju, had increased tolerance to salt stress (Jeong et al. 2001). To examine the physiological mechanisms enhancing salt tolerance in GPD transgenic rice plants, the salt tolerance of five GPD transgenic rice lines (T1–T5) derived from Dongjin rice cultivar was tested in a fixed 150-mM saline environment in comparison to two known wild-type rice cultivars, Dongjin (salt sensitive) and Pokali (salt tolerant). Transgenic lines T2, T3, and T5 showed a substantial increase in biomass and relative water content compared to Dongjin. Stomatal conductance and osmotic potential were higher in the GPD transgenic lines and were similar to those in Pokali. The results are discussed based on the comparative physiological response of GPD transgenic lines with those of the salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice cultivars.

Palm oil industry’s bi-products as coarse aggregate in structural lightweight concrete

Md. Nazmul Huda,Mohd Zamin Jumaat,A. B. M. Saiful Islam,Kh Mahfuz ud Darain,M. Obaydullah,Md. Akter Hosen 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2017 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.19 No.5

Recent trend is to use the lightweight concrete in the construction industry because it has several advantages over normal weight concrete. The Lightweight concrete can be produced from the industrial waste materials. In South East Asian region, researchers are very keen to use the waste materials such as oil palm shell (OPS) and palm oil clinker (POC) from the palm oil producing industries. Extensive research has been done on lightweight concrete using OPS or POC over the last three decades. In this paper the aggregate properties of OPS and POC are plotted in conjunction with mechanical and structural behavior of OPS concrete (OPSC) and POC concrete (POCC). Recent investigation on the use of crushed OPS shows that OPSC can be produced to medium and high strength concrete. The density of OPSC and POCC is around 20-25% lower than normal weight concrete. Generally, mechanical properties of OPSC and POCC are comparable with other types of lightweight aggregate concrete. It can be concluded from the previous study that OPSC and POCC have the noteworthy potential as a structural lightweight concrete.

Eliminating concrete cover separation of NSM strengthened beams by CFRP end anchorage

Md. Akter Hosen,Mohd Zamin Jumaat,A. B. M. Saiful Islam,Mohamed Kamruzzaman,Md. Nazmul Huda,Mahmudur Rahman Soeb 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.56 No.6

Upgrading or strengthening of existing reinforced concrete (RC) infrastructure is an emerging demand nowadays. Near Surface Mounted (NSM) technique is very promising approach for flexural strengthening of RC members. However, premature failure such as concrete cover separation failure have been a main concern in utilizing this technique. In this study, U-wrap end anchorage with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) fabrics is proposed to eliminate the concrete cover separation failure. Experimental programs were conducted to the consequence of U-wrap end anchorage on the flexurally strengthened RC beams with NSM- steel. A total of eight RC rectangular beam specimens were tested. One specimen was kept unstrengthened as a reference; three specimens were strengthened with NSM-steel bars and the remaining four specimens were strengthened with NSM-steel bars and U-wrap end anchorage using CFRP fabrics. A 3D non-linear finite element model (FEM) was developed to simulate the flexural response of the tested specimens. It is revealed that NSM-steel (with and without end-anchors) significantly improved the flexural strength; moreover decreased deflection and strains compared with reference specimen. Furthermore, NSM-steel with end anchorage strengthened specimens revealed the greater flexural strength and improve failure modes (premature to flexure) compared with the NSM-steel without end anchorage specimens. The results also ensured that the U-wrap end anchorage completely eliminate the concrete cover separation failure.

Comparison of shear lag in structural steel building with framed tube and braced tube

Iman Mazinani,Mohd Zamin Jumaat,Z. Ismail,Ong Zhi Chao 국제구조공학회 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.49 No.3

Under lateral loads Framed Tube (FT) system exhibits reduction of cantilever efficiency due to the effect of shear lag. Braced Tube (BT) represents a valuable solution to overcome shear lag problems by stiffening the exterior frame with diagonal braced members. This study investigates the effect of shear lag on BT and FT under wind load. Shear lag and top-level displacement results are compared with previous findings by researchers on FT and BT systems. The investigation of the effect of various configurations in BT on the reduction the shear lag is another objective of this study. The efficiency of each structure is evaluated using the linear response spectrum analysis to obtain shear lag. STADD Pro software is used to run the dynamic analysis of the models. Results show there is relatively less shear lag in all the BT configurations compared to the FT structural system. Moreover, the comparison of the obtained result with those derived by previous studies shows that shear lag is not proportional to lateral displacement. With respect to results, optimum BT configuration in term of lower shear lag caused by lateral loads is presented.

Comparison of shear lag in structural steel building with framed tube and braced tube

Mazinani, Iman,Jumaat, Mohd Zamin,Ismail, Z.,Chao, Ong Zhi Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.49 No.3

Under lateral loads Framed Tube (FT) system exhibits reduction of cantilever efficiency due to the effect of shear lag. Braced Tube (BT) represents a valuable solution to overcome shear lag problems by stiffening the exterior frame with diagonal braced members. This study investigates the effect of shear lag on BT and FT under wind load. Shear lag and top-level displacement results are compared with previous findings by researchers on FT and BT systems. The investigation of the effect of various configurations in BT on the reduction the shear lag is another objective of this study. The efficiency of each structure is evaluated using the linear response spectrum analysis to obtain shear lag. STADD Pro software is used to run the dynamic analysis of the models. Results show there is relatively less shear lag in all the BT configurations compared to the FT structural system. Moreover, the comparison of the obtained result with those derived by previous studies shows that shear lag is not proportional to lateral displacement. With respect to results, optimum BT configuration in term of lower shear lag caused by lateral loads is presented.