복숭아 雙子果에 關한 연구

유영산,김도균 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1997 연구논문집 Vol.56 No.2

최근 油桃系 복숭아에서 발생하고 있는 雙子果의 類型과 재배품종, 樹齡, 결과지 종류, 기상, 생장조절제처리 등에 따른 발생정도를 조사하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 복숭아 雙子果는 암술이 두개 착생된 雙子房花가 결실된 것으로서 受精 여부에 따라 'doubled fruit'형과 'spurred fruit'형으로 구분되었다. 2. 雙子果는 털이없는 油桃系 품종에 주로 발생되었으며 발생이 많은 품종은 'Armking', 'May Grand'and 'Chunhong'등 早生種 品種에서 였다. 3. 雙子果의 발생은 花芽分化期인 7~8월의 고온 건조시 그 이듬해에 많이 발생되었다. 4. 雙子果의 발생은 수세가 강한 유목, 세력이 강한 樹冠上部의 從長枝, 직사광선을 받기쉬운 樹冠의 동향 및 남향에서 발생이 많았다. 5. GA₃처리는 쌍자과의 발생을 억제시켰으나 꽃눈이 탈립되는 부작용을 보였으며 반면에 paclobutrazol 처리는 쌍자과의 발생을 증가시키는 경향을 보였다. 6. 雙子果의 발생은 7~8월의 지나친 高溫乾燥시 증가하므로 적절한 灌水가 발생을 줄일 수 있는 방법이라 생각되었다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the cause of occurrence and types of peculiar doubed fruits which occured recently in peach orchards. And it was also concucted to investigate the occurrence degree of doubled fruits as influenced by peach cultivar, tree age, fruiting branch, weather, and application of growth regulators. The results obtained in this experiment are summarized as follows. 1. The doubled fruits were developed from malformed flowers with two pistils. Doubling of fruits was divided into two types: 'doubled fruit' from fertilization of two pistils and 'spurred fruit' from fertilization of only one pistil. 2. The doubled fruits were seldom occured in the tomentose peach cultivars and mainly occured in the nectarine cultivars. The doubled fruits were often occured in early maturing cultivars such as 'Armking', 'May Grand'and 'Chunhong'. 3. The occurrence of doubled fruits increased in the vigorous young tree, water sprout of the upper canopy and eastern and southern part of tree canopy. 4. When the period of flower bud differentiation was high temperature and low humidity, The occurrence of doubled fruits was increased in the next year. 5. Treatment of GA₃reduced the occurrence of doubled fruits, treatment of paclobutrazol apparently increased the doubled fruits in 'May Grand' nectarine. 6. The occurence of doubled fruits was assumed to be due to a previous hot-dry season during the flower bud differentiation period, Thus, it was speculated that a frequency of doubled fruits may be reduced by irrigation.

지베렐린 처리가 ‘Sheridan’포도의 果房伸張과 密着度에 미치는 影響

劉永山 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1996 연구논문집 Vol.52 No.2

This study was conducted to confirm the effects of GA on bunch elongation and reduction of bunch compactmess of ‘Sheridan’ grapes GA solution was sprayed on clusters and leaves at 4∼5 leafing stage, and the concentrations were 0, 3, 5, and 10ppm. The elongation of cluster, berry setting, and bunch compactness, and characteristics of bunch was investigated, and results were summarized as follows: 1. The rachis of cluster was elongated 6.3∼20.5% at harvesting stage by AG treatment. 2. Berry setting was not affected by AG application. But shot berry was increased, and berry weight was decreased by increasing AG concentrations, especially, GA at 10ppm, occurrence of shot berry was high, so bunch appearance was poor. 3. Bunch compactness decreased with increasing GA concentrations. The optimum concentration might be 5ppm, 7 berries per cm of rachis and 28.7g of berry weight per gram rachis. But berry thinning was necessary for berry enlargement and quality improvement becaust shot berry was occurred by GA application. 4. Bunch weight was decreased by increasing GA concentration, and ripeness was accelerated, too. 5. The optimum concentration of GA treatment for bunch elongation and reduction of bunch compactness on ‘Sheridan’grape might be 5ppm at 4∼5 leafing stage.

Gibberellin處理 巨峰葡萄의 無核化 機構에 關한 硏究 : ---(第II報) GA處理 巨峰葡萄의 胚珠 및 子房發育에 關한 組織學的 硏究---

劉永山 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1984 연구논문집 Vol.28 No.2

Development of ovary and ovule in GA-treated 'Kyoho' grapes were histologically investigated from anthesis to ovule degeneration to study the process of seed abortion. 1. Ovary of'Kyoho' grape contained 3~9 ovules and normal ovary consisted of 4 ovules, was only 49percent of whole ovaries. 2. Imperfect ovules had a high proportion of the whole ones and these showed two types. One was nonfuntional ovules without gametophyte on the central core of nucellus, the other was ovules with morphological defects. 3. Size of GA-treated ovary increased due to rapid cell division of ovary wall, but they showed a lag phase which their growth rate was decreased when ovules began to be degenerated. 4. Early development of ovules were promoted by GA-application, but ovules were rapidly degenerated from 4 t 6 days after anthesis through nucellus and innner integument were separated from outer integument, advanced to ovule collapse. 5. Rapid ovules degeneratin might be related with nutrient competition between ovarys and ovule due to rapid ovary enlargement. 6. Devision of free-nuclear endosperm was observed in embryo sac applied with GA at 2 days after anthesis. one thirds of normal ovules contained free-nuclear endosperms by 6 days after anthesis. It means that fertilization occurs normally in embryo sac, so that it is reasonable to assume that seedless berries of GA-treated 'Kyoho' grape contained berries of two types; parthenocarpic berries by abortion of unfertilized ovules and stenospermocarpic ones by abortion of fertilized ovules.

環狀剝皮가 대추의 結實 및 品質에 미치는 影響

劉永山 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1995 연구논문집 Vol.51 No.1

This study was conducted to determine the effects of time, width, and method of girdling on the trunk of jujube tree. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. Flower development and the number of fruits per blanchlet increased by girdling. And fruit enlargement was accelerated, too. Therefore total yield per tree increased more than two times than control. 2. the proper time for girdling was late of june according to flower development, the number of fruits per branchlet and total yield per tree. And the girdling in middle of July, when florets of branchlet bloom, on the permanent secondary branehes, was more effective than control. 3. Chlorosis was occurred at the leaf of stem tip by girdling in all treatments, and leaf chlorosis was occurred extremely by 10mm=width-girdling. 4. The proper width of girdling might be 5mm because in that treatment, the healing after girdling was good and the leaf chlorosis was occurred most slightly. 5. In 5 or 6-year-old young jujube trees, 4/5 girdling, which a part of bark remained, was more effective than complete girdling in the control of tree vigor and the increase of fruit setting. 6. Sugar contents of fruit was not affected by girdling. Fruit size increased slightly and was equalized by girdling.

葡萄脫粒에 關한 組織學的 硏究

劉永山 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1985 연구논문집 Vol.31 No.1

This study were carried out to investigate histiologically the process of absci-ssion at berry dropping and the effects on the berry abscission by ethephon and gibberellin treatments in three grape cultivars such as Kyoho, Tanored and Muscat Bailey-A. The results obtaied were as follows. 1. Absicission zone in pedicels of grape clusers formed at two places; the first absicission zone developed at the base of pedicels, the second at the juncture between the abse of berry and upper of pedicels. 2. Abscission zone can be ascertaioned externally. It already apperaed as a naarrow, constricted area at the base of pedicels at anthesis. The constrictions of Kyoho and Tanored grapes were more conspicious than one of Muscat Bailey-A. 3. At berry dropping, separation of abscission zone at the base of pedicels occurred across the vascular bundles through collapse of the corthical cells in the zone. While the cortical cells of the zone in the adhering berries were enlarged normally, however the cells were still slightly smaller than the adjacent cells. 4. Berry droppings presumed to be due to abortion of ovules in berry from the point of view that most ovules in abscised berries were already degenerated. 5. Berries dropping were markedly promoted by ethephon treatment and the effect of this were remarkable being closed at anthesis. 6. Gibberellin application showed a invrease in berry setting but the growth regulator could not lost the effect of berries abscission induction by ethephon at treat ment mixed with ethephon.

대추나무의 開化特性에 關한 硏究

鄭仙英,劉永山 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1994 연구논문집 Vol.49 No.1

대추의 結實安定윽 위한 墓礎 硏究로써 무등과 복조品種를 팡시하여 대추꽃의 형태적특성과 開花時期, 開花時刻,開花段階 및 柱頭의 receptivity등을 硏究 調査하여 다음의 結果를 얻었다. 대추꽃은 花器構造가 특이하여 꽃받침과 화반이 發達되고 꽃잎은 退化되어 있었다. 小花의 開化過程은 7段階로 子분되었으며 꽃받침이 수평으로 展開되는 4段階를 完全開花로 보았다. 대추꽃은 11∼12時부터 꽃봉오리가 열개되어 2시경에 開花最盛期를 보였으며 氣溫과 일조시수에따라 開花時刻이 多少 變化되었다. 開葯은 꽃잎에서 수술이 分離됨과 同時에 일어났으며 화사의 탄력과 訪花昆蟲에의해 受粉이 이루어졌다. 開葯時 花粉 發芽率은 60%이상이었으나 時間이 經過함에 따라 점차 감소되어 18시간이후에는 6%에 불과하였다. 柱頭上에 受粉된 花粉은 수분후 12시간 이후부터 發芽되기 시작하여 24시간까지 發芽率이 擔加되었고 柱頭上의 花粉發芽率은 開花當日이 가장 높았다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the floral morphological characteristics and their flowering habits such as flowering duration, opening time of day, flowering stage and stigma receptivity with 'Moodeung' and 'Bokjo' Chinese jujubes during blooming period. The results were as follows : Sepal and disc are specially developed but petal degenerated in florets of cyme inflorescence. Jujube trees showed very long blooming period and the flowering continued during about 55-60day until middle of August. Anthesis was completed between 12:00 and 4:00 PM in the used jujube cultivars and flowering stage was divided into seven stages. Flowering time of day was changed by atmospheric conditions such as temperature,sunshing hours. Anther dehiscence started on the time when the stamens emerged from petal and then pollens were rapidly transfered by pollinator. But unless disturbed pollen grains were sticky and remained on the anther. Percentage of pollen germination showed over 60% shortly after anther dehiscence, But it was gradually decreased and then was only 6% in 18 hours after anther dehiscence. Germination of pollen grains on stigma began from 12 hours after pollination and the receptivity of stigma showed high during 4 hours after anthesis.

花卉의 適地生産 安定化와 農家所得增大를 위한 切花의 品質保存과 壽命延長에 관한 硏究 : The delayed longevity and qualtity preservation of cut rose and carnation flowers

尙埰圭,金順東,劉永山 효성여자대학교 새마을연구소 1983 새마을硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This study was conducted to determine the optimum PH of vase water, buffer composition, effect of adding sucrose and/or 8-hydro-xyquinoiline(8-HQS), soaking hours and solution concentration using three varieties of rose and carnation. PH level of vase water was controlled from PH 2 to PH 7 at 1 intervals. Five kinds of buffer solutions were used. Cut flowers were soaked for 30 min, 12 hours, 24 hours and through experiments with concentration of M/10 and M/50. 1. In rose, fresh weight was increased, leaf wilting percentage and bent neck percentage were lower and fresh degree of flower were higher in PH 3. 2. In carnation 'Nora' and 'Kumkang pink', Fresh weight and fresh degree of flower were best in PH 3. Other investigations, however were best in PH 2 and PH 3. All investigations in 'Scarlet Valley' were best in PH 2. 3. Higher amount of water uptake in rose was observed in distilled were followed by PH 3. While PH2 and destilled water in carnation were good in decreased oder. All investigations were undesivable when PH levels were increased. 4. Buffer solution composed of citric acid and potassium citrate showed good results. 5. When added sucrose or 8-HQS alone and both of them to citricacid buffer no effects were shown, Compared to citric acid buffer alone. 6. Higher concentration and longer soaking hours showed good results and 30min. soaking also showed it's effect.

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A Study on the Determinants of the Survivorship of Listed Companies in Korea

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