Expression of three neuropeptide genes (SfEH, SfETH, and SfCCAP) in response to insecticide stress on the white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Long Gui-yun,Wang Zhao,Yang Jia-peng,Tang Chen-hong,Jin Dao-Chao,Yang Hong,Zhou Cao,Yang Xi-bin 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.3

Insect neuropeptides are involved in many important developmental processes. Here, we cloned three neuro peptide genes (SfEH, SfETH, and SfCCAP) from Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) and analyzed the relative expression levels of these genes through Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) during different developmental stages and in different wing types of S. furcifera following exposure to sublethal concentrations (LC 10 and LC 25 ) of methylaminoavermectin benzoate. The results revealed that the three neuropeptide genes (SfEH, SfETH, and SfCCAP) of S. furcifera contained open reading frame sequences of 222, 636, and 408 bp, encoding 73, 211, and 135 amino acids, respectively. Moreover, the expression of SfEH and SfETH reached its peak on day 3 of the 5 th instar nymph stage, while the SfCCAP expressed pinnacle on 40 min after eclosion. Furthermore, the relative expression levels of the three genes were in the following order: SfEH, short-winged female > long-winged female > long-winged male; SfETH, long-winged female > short-winged female > longwinged male; and SfCCAP, short-winged female > long-winged male > short-winged female. Upon calculating the relative expression of the three peptide genes after 24 and 48 h of treatment with sublethal concentrations of methylaminoavermectin benzoate, it was found that the relative mRNA expression levels of SfEH and SfETH declined upon LC 10 treatment but increased upon LC 25 treatment. Meanwhile, the relative mRNA expression level of SfCCAP declined upon both LC 10 and LC 25 treatments. This result will help us understand the effects of pesticides on insect growth and development at the molecular level.

A modified heteropoly acid catalyst with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide for methacrolein to methacrylic acid

Yun-Li Cao,Lei Wang,Li-Long Zhou,Bao-Hua Xu,Yan-Yan Diao,Suojiang Zhang 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.65 No.-

A novel type of heteropolyacids, CTAB-CsH3PMo11VO40 (CTA-CsPAV), was developed by a method of emulsion synthesis using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as the structure promoter, which was applied as a catalyst in the oxidation of methacrolein (MAL) to methacrylic acid (MAA) with fixed-bed reactor. The structure and property of CTA-CsPAV were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, NH3-TPD, SEM, XPS, and so on. The structure-performance relationship of CTA-CsPAV was systematically studied, wherein the influence of surface area, acidity, redox property of CTA-CsPAV were focused and discussed. Importantly, the long-term performance of CTA-CsPAV was also investigated.

中國君主專制政治의 遺産에 대한 硏究

徐雲龍 건국대학교 1981 論文集 Vol.13 No.1

Ancient China, which had been under the despotic monarchy all the time from the beginning of its history until the fall of Ching era, produced some different features than those of other states. Some of the most conspicuous features found by close diachronical study and examination are as follows: 1.One patronymic dynasty which had dated from Hsia era suffered ceaseless change through successive dynasties in an inevitable process of the rise and fall in consequency of the incom-petency of monarchs and the corruption of government officials. Intelligentsia who leaped from the ruled to the ruling classes through the barriers of the government service examination could keep up the political stabled situation for a long time. 2.Not a few monarchs were under the influence of the thought of 'democracy' prevailing at that time, though it was generally considered hard to except active and positive 'democracy' under the despotic monarchy. 3.Ancient law·drafters who were influenced by Confucianists lost the equality of law, and, therefore, came to lose it's justice due to lack of laws restricting the enormous powers of monarchs. 4.Most intellects were keen to participate in the politics, because it ranked higher than another in the power structure. 5.Old-time China put higher emphasis upon the spirit of obeying laws blindly as a political tradition as the feudalism in Chou era did, and afterwards family government under which good family was considered important continued quite a long time. Too much exhortation of 'scholar government' led by classic scholars brought about both conservatism in politics and lack of enterprising and reforming spirit.

儒家思想中的 道德哲學

徐雲龍 韓國中國語文學會 1977 中國文學 Vol.4 No.-

大韓民國과 中華民國의 選擧制度에 대한 比較硏究 : 大統領과 國會議員選擧를 中心으로

徐雲龍 건국대학교 1983 論文集 Vol.16 No.1

Just as a English saying goes, "Election is a respiratory organ of democracy.", so there is no democracy without election. Since, therefore, the history of the election lows has kept pace with that of democratic policy, some election systems have been reformed and can be reformed in accordance with the acts of states of the ruling classes at the time. Rep. of Korea and Rep. of China, striving for the some target of achieving free democracy, have kept in clone touch mutually and kept frequent contact and deepened tiers of friendship in many respects over a very long period of history. The main purpose of this stuffy was to elucidate the election legislation, the foundation of democracy, in the sense of praying for more prosperoua and advanced development of democracy in these two countries. This dissertation is composed of six chapters. Chapter 1. Introduction It presents the significance of election, and the purposes of the comparative study of the election legislation in both countries. Chapter II. Historical reviews of the election legislation in both countries. 1.History of the election legislation of the Rep. of Korea. 2.History of the election legislation of the Rep. of China. Chapter III. Practices of the election legislation of the Rep. of Korea. 1.The presidential election law of the Rep. of Korea. 2.The National Assembly election law of the Rep. of Korea. Chapter IV. Practices of the election legislation of the Rep. of China. 1.The presidential election and dismissal law of the Rep. of China. 2.The legislative committee election and dismissal law of the Rep. of China. 3.The National Assembly election and dismissal law of the Rep. of China. Chapter V. The comparison between the election laws of both countries. 1.The election laws of the Rep. of Korea have been instituted and reformed several times, while those of the Rep. of China have teen established with few reforms. 2.Rep. of Korea has a pattern of "election law" and Rep. of China owns a pattern of "election and dismissal law." 3.The presidential election of the Rep. of Korea is an indirect election exercised by the electoral body, while the presidential and vice-presidential election of the Rep. of China is an indirect election by the National Assembly. 4.The National Assembly election of the Rep. of Korea uses jointly both the direct election system of a medium constituency system and the system of proportional representation. The legislative committee election of the Rep. of China is a direct election of a major constituency system. 5.The number of the elected women is prescribed in the legislative committee election and dismissal law of the Rep. of China. 6.The President's tenure of office in the Rep. of Korea is seven years arid the President cannot resume the office. The tenure of office of President and Vice-President in the Rep. of China is six years and it can be resumed one more time. Chapter VI. Conclusion Rep. of Korea has kept superficial peace under the condition of cease-fire with the Communist aggression for nearly thirty years, and Rep. of China is under a state of whole mobilization. Both countries, in spite of the obstacles of the communist regimes, have prepared and practiced admirable election systems as democratic political systems for the purpose of executing free democracy. As it goes without saying that the fair and square democratic election in a free democratic country is a supreme tusk, the current constitutions of both countries seem to be the best in each own history owing to the sound coordination with the reality. Also, it is doubtless to say that the election systems in close connection with the constitutions must, therefore, be respected as the best. Both allied countries, steadily emphasizing anti-communism as the basic nation's policy and placing the peaceful unification of land as the supreme goal, have to do test in order to establish democratic policy on a stable foundation by the fair and just operations of the election systems. In doing so, the growth and prosperity of democracy can be anticipated and secured.

급성 백혈병환자에서 발생한 급성 심근 경색증의 치료로 시행된 Primary Coronary Stenting

김영우,하종권,심원흠,고윤웅 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.8

The Effect of Different Inflows on the Unsteady Hydrodynamic Characteristics of a Mixed Flow Pump

Yun, Long,Dezhong, Wang,Junlian, Yin,Youlin, Cai,Chao, Feng Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2017 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.10 No.2

The problem of non-uniform inflow exists in many practical engineering applications, such as the elbow suction pipe of waterjet pump and, the channel head of steam generator which is directly connect with reactor coolant pump. Generally, pumps are identical designs and are selected based on performance under uniform inflow with the straight pipe, but actually non-uniform suction flow is induced by upstream equipment. In this paper, CFD approach was employed to analyze unsteady hydrodynamic characteristics of reactor coolant pumps with different inflows. The Reynolds-averaged Naiver-Stokes equations with the $k-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model were solved by the computational fluid dynamics software CFX to conduct the steady and unsteady numerical simulation. The numerical results of the straight pipe and channel head were validated with experimental data for the heads at different flow coefficients. In the nominal flow rate, the head of the pump with the channel head decreases by 1.19% when compared to the straight pipe. The complicated structure of channel head induces the inlet flow non-uniform. The non-uniformity of the inflow induces the difference of vorticity distribution at the outlet of the pump. The variation law of blade to blade velocity at different flow rate and the difference of blade to blade velocity with different inflow are researched. The effects of non-uniform inflow on radial forces are absolutely different from the uniform inflow. For the radial forces at the frequency $f_R$, the corresponding amplitude of channel head are higher than the straight pipe at $1.0{\Phi}_d$ and $1.2{\Phi}_d$ flow rates, and the corresponding amplitude of channel head are lower than the straight pipe at $0.8{\Phi}_d$ flow rates.

Anomalous Propagation Characteristics of an Airy Beam in Nonlocal Nonlinear Medium

Yun-Long Wu,Qin Ye,Li Shao 한국광학회 2021 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.5 No.2

The anomalous propagation characteristics of a single Airy beam in nonlocal nonlinear medium are investigated by utilizing the split-step Fourier-transform method. We show that besides the normal straight propagation trajectory, the breathing solitons formed by the interaction between Airy beam and nonlocal nonlinear medium can propagate along the sinusoidal trajectory, and the anomalous trajectory can be modulated arbitrarily by altering the initial amplitude and the nonlocal nonlinear coefficient. In addition, the initial amplitude and the nonlocal nonlinear coefficient can have inverse impacts on the formation and transformation of the equilibrium state of spatial solitons, when the two parameters are larger than certain values. Therefore, the reversible transformation of the evolution dynamics of two soliton states can be realized by adjusting those two parameters properly. Finally, it is shown that the propagation properties of the solitons formed by the interaction between Airy beam and nonlocal nonlinear medium can be controlled arbitrarily, by adjusting the distribution factor and nonlocal coefficient.

Adaptive Second-order Sliding Mode Control of Electrical Throttles Based on Online Zero-crossing Checking

Yun Long,Chong Yao,En-Zhe Song,Quan Dong,Yan-Min Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.2

In this paper, an adaptive second-order sliding mode control approach is proposed for the performance improvement of electronic throttles (ET). Based on the traditional twisting approach, a novel adaptation mechanism based on the online zero-crossing checking is contained in the modified approach to make the control magnitude of the controller at the minimum admissible level. The idea behind it is to calculate the number of zero-crossings of the sliding surface in real time. The guaranteed stability condition and convergence region of the system are also deduced. In order to further prove its high adaptation capability, the commonly used adaptation mechanism called the Lyapunov-based type is also introduced for comparative study. Simulations and experiments validate the proposed approach with the advantages of chattering elimination, high speed and accuracy in the control of ET systems.

Numerical and experimental investigation on the diffuser optimization of a reactor coolant pump with orthogonal test approach

Long Yun,Zhu Rongsheng,Wang Dezhong,Yin Junlian,Li Tianbin 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.11

The diffuser of a reactor coolant pump was optimized using an orthogonal approach with numerical simulation to improve the pump hydraulic performance. Steady simulation was conducted by solving Reynolds-averaged Naiver-Stokes equations with the SST k-ω turbulence model using CFX code. The influence of the diffuser geometric parameters, namely, S, φ, α 4 , b 4 , δ 2 , R t and R 4 , on the pump performance were determined. L 18 (3 7 ) orthogonal table was chosen for the optimization process. Best indicators were determined, and range analysis of energy losses, head, and efficiency at the rated condition was performed. Optimal parameters of the diffuser were S = 490 mm, φ = 36°, α 4 = 30°, b 4 = 200 mm, δ 2 = 20 mm, R t = 5 mm and R 4 = 565 mm. The final design was experimentally tested. Simulation results showed more remarkable performance than the experimental result. However, the numerical predictions and experimental results were consistent, validating the design procedure. Loading of the impeller and diffuser blades was analyzed to investigate the direct impact on the hydrodynamic flow field. The head was 14.74 m, efficiency was 79.6 %, and efficiency of the prototype pump was 83.3 % when the model pump functioned at the rated conditions. Optimization results showed that efficiency and head were improved at the design condition.