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돼지에서 정맥, 근육 그리고 경구 투여시의 enrofloxacin의 약물동태학
윤효인,김무열,박승춘,조준형,박병권,이내경,노상석,장범수,신광순,조명행 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-
In order to characterize pharmacokinetic profiles according to route of a new enrofloxacin salt form (Enrotil®), it was given to 4 healthy pigs via oral (p.o.), intramuscular (i.m.) or intravenous (i.v.) administrations at a dose rate of 5 ㎎/㎏ body weight. Enrofloxacin (ENFX) in serum was detected by bioassay using E. coli BE1186 as a test organism. The biological elimination half-lives (t_1/2(β)) of ENFX were 6.76±0.99 h (i.v.), 7.16±2.30 h (i.m.) and 11.45±3.90 h (p.o.), Volume of distribution (Vd) of enrofloxacin was 2.20±0.31 L/㎏ (i.v.), 2.52±0.60 L/㎏ (i.m.) and 1.88±0.33 L/㎏ (i.m.). Mean residence time (MRT) was 8.77±1.26 h after i.v. injection and the maximal concentration time (Tmax) following p.o. and i.m. administration was 0.76±0.09 h and 0.60±0.12 h, indicating a rapid absorption from these routes. Bioavailibility (F) was calculated as 64.1% for p.o. administration and 59.71% for i.m. injections. In summary, the newly formulated enrofloxacin salt form has shown a high water solubility, rapid absorption and large tissue distribution, suggesting a potential antibacterials for oral application on a large scale in veterinary sectors.
사고 훈련에 의한 우수 집단의 논리적 사고력 및 프로세스 스킬의 발달에 관한 연구
정연태,김범기 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1991 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.1 No.1
이 연구에서는 우수한 집단의 학생들의 논리적 사고력과 프로세스 스킬을 조사하여 그 특성을 밝히고, 교육에 의하여 어떻게 발달되는가를 밝히는데 있다. 논리적 사고력은 GALT(Group Assessment of Logical Thinking) 검사지를, 프로세스 스킬은 TIPS Ⅱ(Integrated Science Process Skills Test) 검사지를 사용하여 조사하였다. 이 조사는 1989년 12월부터 1990년 1월에 걸쳐서 실시되었으며, 조사대상은 한국 영재아 교육협회에서 실시하는 프로그램에 참가하는 취학전 이동에서부터 중학교 1학년까지 167명이었다. 이들의 논리적 사고력은 4학년 학생이 중학교 1학년 수준에 달하였고, 프로세스 스킬은 3학년이면 중학교 1학년과 같은 수준으로 이 두 가지 능력에서 모두 뛰어났다. 또 이들 중에는 2학년에서부터 형식적 조작기에 도달한 학생이 나타나기 시작하여, 개인의 능력에 따라서 발달단계에 현저한 차이를 보였다. 이 프로그램에 참가자를 1년까지(그룹 A)와 그 이상 (그룹 B)으로 나누어서 조사한 결과, 논리적 사고력과 프로세스 스킬에서 모두 그룹 B 학생들의 득점이 높아, 이 프로그램에 참가기간이 긴 학생들의 득점이 높았다. 그룹 B의 학생들의 논리적 사고력에서는 비례논리, 변수제어 및 조합논리가, 프로세스 스킬에서는 가설설정, 변인통제의 능력이 많이 신장되었다. 형식적 조작기에 도달한 학생은 그룹 B의 학생이 많아 이러한 프로그램을 통하여 논리적 사고력이 향상되고, 앞으로 이와 같이 논리적 사고력을 향상시키는 프로그램에 관한 많은 연구가 요구된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of logical thinking and process skills of gifted children and to examine the effects of the program for gifted children which was conducted by KNAGC(Korean National Association for the Gifted Children). The subjects of this study were 167 children from kindergarten to grade 7 who were participants of the KNAGC program. They were identified as concrete, transitional or formal operational stage using GALT(Group Assessment of Logical Thinking). Their process skills were investigated with the use of TIPS Ⅱ(Integrated Science Process Skills Test). This study indicated that 4th grade children's GALT score is equal to the that of 7th grade students and 3th grade children's TIPS Ⅱ score is equal to that of 7th grade students in Korea. Some of them were in the formal operational stage from the 2nd grade. They were classified into two groups according to the length or time they participated in the KNAGC program. Group A was those who participated less than one year; group B was those who participated one year or longer. The result showed a statistically significant difference between group A and B in both tests. This result indicated that the children's proficiency of logical thinking is positively related to the length of education, this showing the relative advantage for the educated children to reach the formal operational stage through the transition stage from the concrete operational stage. The gifted children of preschool and low grades can reach the formal operational stage within a relatively short period through early training of logical thinking. Group B showed more advanced process skills than group A. This finding also signifies the efficacy of the length of education, which is vital for improving their ability of process skills. The program was effective in improving proportion, control of variables, combination in logical thinking and identifying and stating hypothesis and indentyfying variables in science process skills.
온실의 구조적 장애물이 무선통신 성능에 끼치는 특성 규명
권구범, 이재현, 연윤호 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2017 農業科學硏究 Vol.33 No.1
The use of environmental measurement sensors and wireless communication for automatic control in agriculture was increased. The poor reliability of wireless communication were a disadvantage when the system controled in a couple of greenhouses or installed complex structures in a greenhouse. In this study, the effect of structural obstacle in the greenhouse was analyzed on wireless communication. The measurement of wireless communication was calculated by the types of material on obstacle. Because environmental factors such as crops and soil may affect wireless communication in the greenhouse, measurements were conducted in a thermo- hygrostat with constant temperature and humidity. The materials of the obstacle such as vinyl, plywood, acrylic plate, paper box, and heat insulation were performed with different layers (from 1 to 7 layers). The data communication rates between transmission and receiver unit were 100% for ZigBee system in case of 3 vinyls, 2 acrylics and 2 paper boxes. When the number of materials (i.e. vinyl, arcylic, and paper box) was increased, the data communication rates were reduced. However, the data communication rates were partly reduced at more than one of materials in case of plywood and insulation. As the number of layers were increased, the number of loss data were increased and the transmission rate were decreased.
모 주물공장 근로자의 작업공정별 분진폭로량, 자각증상 및 건강진단판정 비교
이범식,조영채,변정식,김동현,원선혜,김정윤 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1995 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.-
The relationship among dust exposure dose, special health diagnosis results and subjective symptom questionaire survey for 109 casting foundry workers supervised by a local laber office has been studied from august to october 1993. Subjective symptom, dust exposure dose and health examination evaluation of respective working processes have been analized and concluded as follows; 1. Metal fume concentration in melting process measured 3.21±1.46㎎/㎥ is under threshould limit value(TLV;5.0㎎/㎥), casting sand dust measured in molding and desanding process is 5.8 ±3.41㎎/㎥ and 9.69 ±2.64㎎/㎥ which is 3-5 times higher than TLV(2.0㎎/㎥), metal fume, welding fume and metal dust in finishing process measured 9.34 ±1.32, 13.73 ±16.97 and 10.17 ±3.50㎎/㎥ respectively, which are also 2-3 times higher than TLV(5.0㎎/㎥). 2. The complain rate subjective symptoms appeal evaluated for finishing process are 35.9%, 46.2%, 27.2% and 42.2% for eye smptoms, respiractory, skin, general symptom respectively and the rates above express the highest values and the complain rates for melting process are 24.4%, 37.5% and 35.7% for eye smptoms, respiratory and mental system respectively and for molding and desanding it is 24.3%. 3. Perceived occupational disease rate is found 0.9% with are out of 109 worker surveyed who have been exposed in metal fume of finishing process. 4. 33.0% of workers surved are found to require close examination, the worker of hepatopathy suspected are 21.4% which is the highest and 3.7% for circulatory disturbance suspected. 5. The statistically significant variables in general chracteristics that affect health examination evaluation are smoking(P<0.001), respirator put-on (P<0.05) and working career(P<0.05). 6. Cough(P<0.001), "headache"(P<0.05) and "easily skin exchange by slight stimulation" (P<0.05) are statistically significant to the subjective symptom variables affect health examination evaluation.
구윤모,김범기 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1992 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.2 No.1
본 연구는 학교에서 일반적으로 쉽게 행할 수 있는 성취도 검사로 학습내용의 논리구조가 학습자의 마음속에 발달되어 가는 과정의 심리적 측면의 이해와 수업설계에 도움이 되는 정보를 얻고자 실시하였다. 물리를 이수하는 고등학교 자연과정 남학생들(388명)을 대상으로 하였다. 축소판 GALT(group assessment of logical thinking)로 논리 사고 수준을 조사하였다. 그리고 “힘과 운동” 단원에서 선정한 6개의 개념(변위, 평균속도, 가속도, 힘, 운동량 및 충격량)에 대해 문제 맥락(직선상에서 방향 일정, 직선상에서 방향 변함, 평면상의 운동)에 따라 문항을 작성하고 논리 사고 수준별(구체적 조작기, 과도기, 형식적 조작기)로 개념의 위계구조가 어떠한 모습으로 나타나는가를 비교하였다. The purpose of this study was to find the aspects of the learner's mind, and to provide meaningful information for planning a lesson. In this study, the logical thinking of high school boys at eleventh grade was measured, and the hierarchical structures of physics concepts(displacement, average velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, and impulse) were investigated by logical thinking levels(concret operational stage, transitional, formal operational stage) in each problem context with the method of achievement test. GALT was administered before instruction, concepts understanding test after instruction. Hierarchies were determined by the level of more than 0.7(Alpha-cut) with the hierarchical coefficient on the basis of the fuzzy theory.
토끼에서 근육주사시 입자 크기에 따른 amoxicillin의 비교 약물동태학
박승춘,윤효인,오태광,장범수,배순이,조준형,정상희,이내경,김민규 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1998 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-
To investigate the pharmacokinetic difference between the two amoxicillin (AMX) particles in rabbits after intramuscular injection (i.m.), both of AMX-S (particle size: 10 ㎍) and AMX-L (particle size: 100 ㎍) were injected into New Zealand White rabbits (1.2±0.3 ㎏) at a dose rate of 10 ㎎/㎏ of body weight. In this study, serum AMX concentrations were detected by microbiological assay with E. coli BE 1186 which shows high antibiotic sensitivity. After i.m. administration, AMX-S and AMX-L were best fitted as 1-compartment model with the absorption and elimination phase. The biological half-life (T_1/2, _k10) of AMX-S is 4.06±1.09 h and that of AMX-L 4.76±0.69 h. The serum maximal concentration time (T_max) of AMX-S and AMX-L were 0.88±0.17 h and 0.77±0.11 h, respectively. Maximal AMX concentration (C_max) (AMX-S: 5.71±0.62 ㎍/㎖, AMX-L: 5.04±0.25 ㎍/㎖) in serum showed a significant difference (p<0.05). In terms of bioequivalance, however, there was no difference between the two AMX's after i.m. injection in the basis of C_max and AUC.
콩에서 발생하는 강낭콩일반모자이크바이러스(BCMV)와 땅콩위축바이러스(PSV)의 저항성 평가
이영훈, 윤영남, 강범규, 김현영, 최만수, 구성철, 김현태, 윤홍태, 이수헌, 백인열 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2014 農業科學硏究 Vol.30 No.2
It has been reported several viral diseases in soybean. The occurrence of Bean common mosaic virus and Peanut stunt virus are able to induce severe problem because the main breeding target for viral disease was focused on Soybean mosaic virus. BCMV is a spcies of the genus Potyvirus of the family Potyviridae. BCMV reduces yield by as much as 80% and also adversely affects seed quality in common bean. BCMV has a worldwide distribution because of its high rates 35% of transmission via seeds produced by plants systemically infected prior to bloom. PSV is a species of the genus Cucumovirus of the family Bromoviridae. PSV has been reported to be economically damaging on beans worldwide. Although the virus is reportedly seed transmissible at very low rates, infected plants rarely produce pods with normal viable seeds. The most satisfactory management method of viral diseases such as BCMV and PSV is the use of resistant cultivars and healthy seed. For the overcome of genetic resistance by new virus such as BCMV and PSV, virus diseases monitoring and researches need to study deeply and continually. In this study, we conducted the resistance screen on BCMV and PSV for selection of resistance cultivars. We inoculated on 128 cultivars with PSV and BCMV respectively. These cultivars were classified through pathogenic response such as resistance, necrosis and susceptibility. In addition, 99 and 66 resistant cultivars were confirmed against PSV and BCMV respectively.
유병기간에 따른 한국인 파킨슨병 환자의 영양소 섭취 상태 및 식사의 질에 관한 연구
이주연,안태범,전범석,김윤영,조여원 대한지역사회영양학회 2008 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.13 No.4
Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson Disease (PD). The contribution of many environmental factors including dietary factor remains unproven. The purpose the study was to investigate the dietary habits, nutrient intake and dietary quality of Korean PD patients according to the duration of disease. PD patients were recruited from K and S university hospitals from May 2005 to January 2006. This study was carried out after approval by the Institute Review Board (IRB). British Brain Bank criteria was used to diagnose PD. The subjects were classified into 2 groups based on the duration of PD: < 25 months and ≥ 25 months groups. General characteristics, anthropometric measurements, food habits and dietary intakes were investigated. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The mean age of < 25 months group (66.9 ± 8.0 yr) was significantly higher than that of ≥ 25 months group (62.2 ± 8.8 yr) (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found for academic background, occupation, living status and social activity, however, numbers of diseases, exercise and family history of PD were significantly different. 2) Anthropometric measurements were not different between the two groups. 3) The frequency of taking snacks was significantly higher in < 25 months group and the amounts of alcohol consumption were significantly higher in ≥ 25 months group. 4) Daily intakes of most nutrients were very low compared with DRI. 5) The MAR score was significantly lower in < 25 months group (p < 0.05;) however, the scores of DVS, DDS and DQI were not significantly different. As a conclusion an overall nutrient intake and dietary quality of the Parkinson's Disease patients need to be improved regardless of duration of the disease and a well-balanced diet should be emphasized.
동결견(凍結肩) 환자의 동서협진 치료의 임상효과 비교연구 : 견관절 가동운동범위(ROM) 변화를 중심으로
남동우,김행범,양동훈,임사비나,김건식,이두익,이재동,최도영,이윤호 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-
Objectives : To establish an effective collaborate medicine treatment of acupuncture and western medicine for treating frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 59 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to Eastern treatment group(E group, n=22), Western treatment group(W group, n=17) and East-West treatment group(EW group, n=20). The E group received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The W group received suprascapular nerve block, subacromial injection and trigger point injection, twice a week for 4 weeks. The EW group received acupuncture and injection treatment including nerve block. All groups were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment and after treatment based on the change in shoulder Range of Motion(ROM) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data were analyzed and compared. Results : The patient's satisfaction scores were E group 5.67, W group 7.73 and EW group 7.67. The E group and the EW group showed significant improvement in abbduction, adduction and flexion(p<0.05). The W group showed significant improvement in adduction(p<0.05). Abduction significantly improved(p<0.05) in the EW group compared to E group and W group. Flexion also showed improvement in the EW group, but the difference among the 3 groups was statistically insignificant. The three group's difference of change in extension and adduction was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusion : Acupuncture and nerve block alone significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. Also collaborate treatment of acupuncture and nerve block significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. But the difference of the three treatments were significant only for improving abduction(p<0.05).