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랫드에서 사염화탄소로 유발된 간손상에 대한 간조직 추출물 항독성 분획의 개선효과
김종선(Jongsun Kim),장자영(Ja Young Jang),신선희(Sunhee Shin),박동선(Dongsun Park),김은주(Eun Ju Kim),조정희(Jung-Hee Cho),황석연(Seock-Yeon Hwang),권철(Chull Kwon),권지현(Ji Hyun Kwon),황규계(Kyu-Kye Kwang),김윤배(Yun-Bae Kim) 한국실험동물학회 2004 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.20 No.3
The detoxification effect of Liver Extract Antitoxic Fractions (LEAFs) on liver injury and dysfunction induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was investigated. Female rats were injected intraperitoneally with CCl₄ at a dose of 1 ㎖/㎏ (20% in corn oil, 5 ㎖/㎏). LEAF-B or LEAF-P, originated from bovine and porcine, respectively, was treated subcutaneously at doses of 100, 300 or 500 ㎎/㎏ (10 ㎖/㎏) 4 hr and 30 min prior to as well as 4 hr and 20 hr after CCl₄ challenge. The rats were anesthesized with intraperitoneal injection of urethane (16.5% in saline, 6 ㎖/㎏) 4 hr following final LEAF treatment (24 hr after CCl₄ injection), and administered with bromosulphalein (BSP) solution (1% in saline, 2 ㎖/㎏). The initial biliary excretion time of BSP was recorded, and the blood concentration of BSP was quantified 21 and 46 min after intravenous administration. Also, blood biochemical parameters related to hepatic and renal injuries in accordance with histopathological findings were analyzed. The biliary excretion time of BSP was greatly delayed by CCl₄ injection, which was significantly attenuated by 300-500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B and 100 or 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-P. Also, CCl₄-induced delay in BSP clearance was markedly recovered by 300-500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B or 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-P. In addition, CCl₄-induced changes in blood biochemical markers related to hepatic and renal injuries were remarkably reversed by LEAF-B or LEAF-P in a dose-dependent manner. Such effects of LEAFs on liver dysfunction were in parallel with the histopathological findings of the liver. That is, CCl₄ caused centrilobular congestion, hepatocytic degeneration, lipid droplets and immflamatory cell infiltration, resulting in disintegration of hepatic cords. Interestingly, such lesions were attenuated by LEAFs treatment, reducing mean lesion scores from 2.30 in rats administered with CCl₄ alone to 1.75 and 1.65 in animals treated with 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B and LEAF-P, respectively. Taken together, it is suggested that LEAFs might have protective effects against hepatic and renal cytotoxicity and dysfunction including impairments of hepatic biosynthesis, biliary excretion, metabolism and filtration induced by CCl₄, and that the effecacy of LEAF-P is comparable to that of LEAF-B which is avaliable in clinics.
랫드에서 cyclophosphamide로 유발된 기형에 대한 홍삼추출물의 효과
이예은(Yea Eun Lee),변상국(Sang Kuk Byun),신선희(Sunhee Shin),장자영(Ja Young Jang),최병일(Byong-il Choi),박동선(Dongsun Park),전정희(Jeong Hee Jeon),임숙희(Sook Hee Lim),황석연(Seock-Yeon Hwang),김윤배(Yun-Bae Kim) 한국실험동물학회 2005 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.21 No.3
Effects of repeated treatment with red ginseng extract on the teratogenicity of cyclophosphamide were investigated in rats. Pregnant rats were orally treated with red ginseng extract (100 or 500 ㎎/㎏) for 7 days, from days 6 to 12 of gestation, and intraperitoneally challenged with cyclophosphamide (12 ㎎/㎏) 1 hr after the final treatment. On day 20 of gestation, the maternal and fetal abnormalities were examined. Cyclophosphamide, administered on day 12 of gestation, reduced fetal and placental weights to 70 - 80% and 50% of control, respectively, and induced 80% of malformations in live fetuses. The malformations include cranial defect and exencephaly (80.0%), micrognathia and tongue extrusion (20.9%), edema and hematoma (29.1%), ventricular dilatation (16.7%), vertebral defects (78.6%), costal defects (44.6%), and delayed skeletal ossification (80.4%). Interestingly, red ginseng extract further decreased the fetal weights and remarkably aggravated fetal defects in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in 96.7% of cranial defect and exencephaly, 64.8% of micrognathia and tongue extrusion, 49.5% of limb defects, 90.7% of vertebral defects, 88.4% of costal defects, and 83.7% of delayed skeletal ossification in rats administered with 500 ㎎/㎏ of red ginseng extract followed by cyclophosphamide. These results demonstrate that a long-term pretreatment with red ginseng extract substantially enhance body weight loss and malformations of fetuses induced by intrauterine exposure to cyclophosphamide.
Antioxidant Effects of Pyrogallol in Neural Cells and Mice Brain
문지섭(Jisub Moon),곽희선(Heesun Gwak),이태희(Tae-Hee Lee),안은석(Eun Suk An),김윤배(Yun-Bae Kim),박동선(Dongsun Park) 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 2019 Brain, Digital, & Learning Vol.9 No.3
Polyphenols can easily react with reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in powerful antioxidant activity. Pyrogallol is a polyphenol found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, plants containing pyrogallol can be used for their antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-allergic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effectiveness as an antioxidant is still a matter of debate because pyrogallol is also a superoxide anion generator and induces superoxide anion-mediated death of several types of cells. In this study, we tried to confirm the antioxidant effects and mechanisms of pyrogallol in mouse neuroblastoma (N2A), human neural stem cells (F3), and mouse brain. Treatments with various concentrations of pyrogallol significantly increased the free radical scavenging ability and reduced lipid peroxidation in N2A and F3 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In the cytotoxicity test, low concentrations of pyrogallol (0–10 µg/mL) did not significantly influence cell viability, while high concentrations (125-1000 µg/mL) induced death in N2a and F3 cells. Furthermore, treatment with pyrogallol(1.0, 3.2, and 10.0 µg/mL) up-regulated the mRNA expression of superoxide dismutases 1, 2, and 3, glutathione peroxidase (GPx)1, and phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx in N2A and F3 cells, in the brains of mice that were orally administered pyrogallol (1.0, 3.2, and 10.0 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. The mice did not exhibit any toxic effects due to this treatment. Taken together, although pyrogallol induced cell death at high concentrations, it might be a good candidate antioxidant for neurodegenerative disease at low concentrations.