市民とマスコミが協力して地域課題解決する可能性 -新しいジャーナリズム概念における 市民とマスコミの活動上の関係-

竹内裕二 ( Takeuchi¸ Yuji ) 한국일본근대학회 2021 일본근대학연구 Vol.- No.74

ジャーナリズムに関する既往研究は、時代に応じて新しい概念が登場する。この新しい概念は、ジャーナリストがマスコミ業務という仕事を中心に取材する中から生まれた。このようにして新しく誕生した概念は、時代の変化を踏襲しながら、新たな段階に向けてのストーリー展開が行われていることがわかった。その事例から新しい概念によるジャーナリズムを具体的かつ明確に説明する「考え方」や「手法」を見出せていない。つまり、ジャーナリストによる「市民の声を中立的な立場で聞く手法」が明確になっておらず、市民による「自分たちの声を中立的な立場で伝える手法」が明らかになっていない。そこで、本研究では、市民側に焦点を当て、マスコミ(本稿では新聞)に取り上げられた事例を基にマスコミと市民団体、その事例が置かれた環境や状況を考慮し上で、新しいジャーナリズムの概念における「自分たちの声を中立的な立場で伝える」方法を明らかにすることを目的とする。結果としてマスコミは、①どんな活動であっても取り上げることをしない。②マスコミが取材対象にする視点は、「公共性」、「公益性」、「今日性」であり、この3つが揃わなければ報道対象になりづらい。③当然「常に動き、継続性、持続性」ある活動でなければならないが、その活動が関係者のみならず、外部の地域住民にも、活動の趣旨が伝播しているかどうかが重要になる。以上のことから、市民団体自身の声を対外的に中立的な立場で伝えることができる方法として、前述の3条件が必要だということがわかった。 In past research on journalism, new concepts have emerged according to the times. These concepts developed as journalists focused on working in conventional fields of journalism. The newly-born concept of Constructive Collaborative Journalism has grown out of these preceding developments. However, from these prior concepts, we have not been able to find ideas or methods to explain this new concept of journalism concretely and clearly. In addition, neither journalists’ methods of “listening to citizens voices form a neutral standpoint” nor citizens’ methods of “transmitting their voices from a neutral standpoint” has been clarified ). Accordingly, this study focuses on the citizens’ perspective, and aims to clarify the method of “conveying their voices from a neutral standpoint”. We take into account the media and citizens’ groups, as well as the environment and circumstances of the case, based on the examples covered by the mass media (in this case, newspapers). Results suggest: 1. The media will not necessarily cover all activities 2. The viewpoints that the media targets are “public,” “public interest,” and “contemporary”. If these three areas are not present, then it is unlikely an activity will be reported. 3. Naturally, the activities must be “constantly developing, continuous, and sustainable”. It is also important to ensure that the purpose of the activities is transmitted not only to the people involved, but also to the local residents who may not be aware of the activities. We found that the three conditions mentioned are necessary as a way to convey the voices of citizens’ groups to the outside world from an external standpoint.

Clinical impact of combined transarterial chemoembolization and radiotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: An external validation study

Yu, J.I.,Park, J.W.,Park, H.C.,Yoon, S.M.,Lim, D.H.,Lee, J.H.,Lee, H.C.,Kim, S.W.,Kim, J.H. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Radiotherapy and oncology Vol.118 No.2

<P>Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) response and clinical outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transarterial chemoembolization followed by radiotherapy (TACE-RT). Materials and methods: The study enrolled 329 patients in the training set and 179 patients in the validation set. All patients who were treated with TACE-RT from 2002 to 2008 and satisfied the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The median follow-up period was 11.7 months (range, 1.6-108.6) in the training set and 11.9 months (range, 1.7-105.1) in the validation set. Results: After TACE-RT, PVTT response was complete or partial in 32 (9.7%) and 134 (40.7%) patients of the training set and in 18 (10.1%) and 96 (53.6%) patients in the validation set, respectively. Failure to obtain PVTT response was significantly related with elevated post-treatment Child-Pugh score (P < 0.001). Furthermore, progression-free survival was significantly related with PVTT response (P < 0.001, hazard ratio 0.33, 95% confidence interval 0.25-0.42) in multivariate analysis. In receiver operating characteristics analysis of 1-year progression prediction, the PVTT response showed an area under the curve of 0.74. Most of the findings were successfully reproduced in the independent external validation set. Conclusions: Positive PVTT response was closely associated with favorable clinical outcomes. The PVTT response to TACE-RT reduces metastasis and makes it possible to maintain normal liver function and achieve longer survival. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Efficient Exciton Quenching by Hole Polarons in the Conjugated Polymer MEH-PPV

Yu, Ji,Song, Nam Woong,Mcneill, Jason D.,Barbara, Paul F. Wiley (John WileySons) 2004 Israel journal of chemistry Vol.44 No.1

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Resins Modified by a Novel Thermoplastic-polyimide

Yu Ji,Yan Zhang,Ping Wang,Yuanyuan Li,Jianhua Sui 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.1

In this paper, a novel polyimide with trifluoromethyl group (PIS) was synthesized successfully and used toimprove the toughness of epoxy resins. Five modified epoxy resins (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 wt%) were prepared andinvestigated, respectively. The structure, thermal properties, tensile properties, viscoelastic properties, toughness andmorphology of modified epoxy resins were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetricanalysis (TGA), Instron 5967, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Theresults showed that the epoxy resins modified with PIS exhibited good thermal stability which the glass transitiontemperatures increased from 135.9 oC to 146.4 oC. Tensile strength of modified epoxy resins increased from 40.4 MPa to92.3 MPa. The KIC values increased from 0.86 MPa·m1/2 to 1.56 MPa·m1/2 indicated that the toughness enhancement wasmarkedly. The fracture modes also were examined by SEM images and exhibited the fracture mode changed from the brittleone to ductile fracture with varied weight of the novel trifluoromethyl-polyimide.

Evaluation of anatomical landmark position differences between respiration-gated MRI and four-dimensional CT for radiation therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Yu, J.I.,Kim, J.S.,Park, H.C.,Lim, D.H.,Han, Y.Y.,Lim, H.C.,Paik, S.W. BRIT INSTITUTE OF RADIOLOGY 2013 The British journal of radiology Vol.86 No.1021

Effectiveness and Safety of Tissue Expander for Adjuvant Helical Tomotherapy in Curatively Resected Retroperitoneal Sarcoma

Yu, J. I.,Lim, D. H.,Park, H. C.,Jung, S. H.,Jeon, S. J.,Nam, H.,Kim, B.,Kim, S.-J.,Park, J. B. Potamitis Press 2018 Anticancer research Vol.38 No.4

<P>Background/Aim: We investigated the effectiveness and safety of using a tissue expander (TE) for adjuvant helical tomotherapy (HT) for curatively resected retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with 60 RPS patients who underwent curative resection with or without TE insertion followed by HT from June 2009 to December 2016. Among the patients, TE was inserted in 37 (61.7%). The quality of TE insertion was evaluated. Median follow-up after surgery was 19.4 months (range= 4.5-93.2 months). Results: A higher biologically-equivalent dose (alpha/ss= 10) was used with patients who had TE insertion (median, 72.0 gray [Gy] vs. 67.1 Gy, p= 0.02). The quality of TE insertion was excellent in 18 patients (48.6%), good in 10 (27.0%), fair in seven (18.9%), and poor in two (5.4%). Toxicity was not significantly different according to TE insertion. Local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) was 78.2%, and overall survival was 95.6% at 3 years. TE insertion was not a significant factor for LRFS (91.1% in TE vs. 62.9% in non-TE group at 3 years, p= 0.62). In the subgroup of patients with R1 or unknown tumor margin status, however, LRFS was marginally higher in the TE insertion group (100.0% in TE vs. 62.9% non-TE group at 3 years, p= 0.05). Conclusion: HT with TE insertion as adjuvant RT for curatively resected RPS was feasible with acceptable toxicity. In the patients with R1 or unknown tumor margin status, LRFS was marginally higher in the TE insertion group after HT.</P>

Defect control for polarization switching in BiFeO₃ single crystals

Chishima, Yuji,Noguchi, Yuji,Kitanaka, Yuuki,Miyayama, Masaru IEEE 2010 and Frequency Control Vol.57 No.10

<P>BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> (BFO) single crystals were grown and the effects of Zn and Mn co-doping on the polarization and leakage current properties were investigated at 25°C for establishing materials design based on defect chemistry. Although Zn doping or Mn doping led to a deterioration in the properties, Zn-Mn co-doping led to a large remanent polarization (36 μC/cm<SUP>2</SUP>), a low coercive field (19 kV/cm), and a relatively low leakage current density (~10<SUP>-8</SUP> A/cm<SUP>2</SUP>). It is proposed that defect dipoles composed of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> and Mn<SUP>4+</SUP> act as effective nucleation sites for ferroelectric domains during polarization switching in BFO crystals.</P>

Two-Phase Interleaved Bidirectional Converter Input-Parallel Output-Series Connection

Yuji Yamamoto,Taro Takiguchi,Takaharu Sato,Hirotaka Koizumi 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

The interleaved bidirectional converter (IBC) has lower input current ripple and higher power conversion efficiency than the bidirectional chopper because of the current sharing operation. However, the step up/down ratio of the IBC is the same as that of the bidirectional chopper. As a converter with high step up ratio, the two-phase interleaved DC-DC converter with parallel-input seriesoutput connection (ICPS) is proposed. The ICPS realizes twice the step up ratio of the interleaved boost converter. Also, the ICPS has lower input ripple than the interleaved boost converter at the same step up ratio. This paper proposes bidirectional operation of the ICPS, which realizes the high step up/down ratio and the reduction of current ripple on the low voltage side. The proposed bidirectional operational principles and the steady-state analysis have been verified by simulation and circuit experiment.

High expression of maternal embryonic leucine-zipper kinase (MELK) impacts clinical outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer and its inhibition suppresses ovarian cancer cells growth ex vivo

Yuji Ikeda,Sho Sato,Akira Yabuno,Daisuke Shintani,Aiko Ogasawara,Maiko Miwa,Makda Zewde,Takashi Miyamoto,Keiichi Fujiwara,Yusuke Nakamura,Kosei Hasegawa 대한부인종양학회 2020 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.31 No.6

Objective: Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) is receiving an attentionas a therapeutic target in various types of cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate theprognostic significance of MELK expression in ovarian cancer using clinical samples, andassessed the efficacy of a small molecule MELK inhibitor, OTS167, using patient-derivedovarian cancer cells as well as cell lines. Methods: Expression levels of MELK in 11 ovarian cancer cell lines were confirmed bywestern blotting. Inhibitory concentration of OTS167 was determined by colorimetric assay. MELK messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was evaluated in 228 ovarian cancer patients byquantitative polymerase chain reaction. Growth inhibition of OTS167 was also evaluatedusing freshly-isolated primary ovarian cancer cells including spheroid formation condition. Results: MELK mRNA expression was significantly higher in ovarian cancer than in normalovaries (p<0.001), and high MELK mRNA expression was observed in patients with advancedstage, positive ascites cytology and residual tumor size. Patients with high MELK mRNAexpression showed shorter progression-free survival (p=0.001). Expression of MELK wasalso confirmed in 10 of 11 ovarian cancer cell lines tested, and the half maximal inhibitoryconcentration of MELK inhibitor, OTS167, ranged from 9.3 to 60 nM. Additionally, OTS167showed significant growth inhibitory effect against patient-derived ovarian cancer cells,regardless of their tumor locations, histologic subtypes and stages. Conclusions: We demonstrated MELK as both a prognostic marker and a therapeutic targetfor ovarian cancer using clinical ovarian cancer samples. MELK inhibition by OTS167 may bean effective approach to treat ovarian cancer patients.

Postoperative Radiographic Early-Onset Adjacent Segment Degeneration after Single-Level L4–L5 Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Patients without Preoperative Severe Sagittal Spinal Imbalance

Yuji Matsuoka,Kenji Endo,Hidekazu Suzuki,Yasunobu Sawaji,Hirosuke Nishimura,Taichiro Takamatsu,Osamu Kojima,Kazuma Murata,Takeshi Seki,Shinji Horie,Takamitsu Konishi,Kengo Yamamoto 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.4

Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between preoperative total spinal sagittal alignment and the early onset of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) after single-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in patients with normal sagittal spinal alignment. Overview of Literature: Postoperative early-onset ASD is one of the complications after L4–L5 PLIF, a common surgical procedure for lumbar degenerative disease in patents without severe sagittal imbalance. A better understanding of the preoperative characteristics of total spinal sagittal alignment associated with early-onset ASD could help prevent the condition. Methods: The study included 70 consecutive patients diagnosed with lumbar degenerative disease who underwent single-level L4–L5 PLIF between 2011 and 2015. They were divided into two groups based on the radiographic progression of L3–L4 degeneration after 1-year follow-up: the ASD and the non-ASD (NASD) group. The following radiographic parameters were preoperatively and postoperatively measured: sagittal vertebral axis (SVA), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis, pelvic tilt, and pelvic incidence (PI). Results: Eight of the 70 patients (11%) experienced ASD after PLIF (three males and five females; age, 64.4±7.7 years). The NASD group comprised 20 males and 42 females (age, 67.7±9.3 years). Six patients of the ASD group showed decreased L3–L4 disc height, one had L3–L4 local kyphosis, and one showed both changes. Preoperative SVA, PI, and TK were significantly smaller in the ASD group than in the NASD group (p<0.05). Conclusions: A preoperative small SVA and TK with small PI were the characteristic alignments for the risk of early-onset ASD in patients without preoperative severe sagittal spinal imbalance undergoing L4–L5 single-level PLIF.