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김유진,박미경,박이랑,이보람,이혜림,전선미,양난영,김수지,이자형 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2004 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.38
The results of this Study are as follows:33.6% of all participants have insomnia; 22.5% of those who have insomnia are DIS(difficulty in initiating sleep), 17.3% are DMS(difficulty returning to sleep once awakened) and 7.0% awakened too early. 3 4.8% experience sleepiness during daytime. Type 1, experiencing insomnia and sleepi ness during daytime together, is 12.0%, Type 2, with insomnia only, is 21.6%, Type 3, with sleepiness during daytime only, is 22.8% and 43.5% experience no sleeping disturbances. After studying only those with 3 types of sleeping disturbances, it is found that the most common cause of such disturbance is stress 88.4%, anxiety 56.0%, no apparent reason 33.8%, anxiety/fear/terror 29.3%, hurry 23.6%, alcohol/caffeine 16.9%, bedroom tem perature 11.1%, urination during nighttime and persons living together 10.7%, noise from inside 8.9%, illumination 8.0%, and pain/itch 5.8%. The one group revealed significant differences in residential environment(p=0.003). Sex, age, education level, medicine, monthly earning revealed no meaningful differences. Of sleeping behavior, mean duration of sleep latency(p=0.000), whether or not feeling freshness(p=0.000), whether taking enough sleep(p=0.029), whether taking regular sleep(p=0.005) showed significant differences depending on whether or not having insomnia, and mean duration of sleep time, time to sleep, time of rising, whether taking naps did not reveal significant differences. Of sleep behavior, time to sleep(p=0.000), whether taking naps(p=0.000), indicated significant differences. Of sleeping behavior, mean duration of sleep latency(p=0.000), whether or not feeling freshness(p=0.000), and whether taking enough sleep(p=0.000), time of going to bed (p=0.002), whether or not taking nap(p=0.000), whether or not taking regular sleep(p=0.010) indicated significant differences among the sleeping disturbance types.
초등학생의 1000m 달리기-걷기 평가방법에 관한 연구
박철호,박은경,고봉민,우상헌,안민호,차유림 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 2002 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.20 No.-
This research aims to develop a new evuluation method of endurance for elementary school students. The norm of the event of 1,000m running-walking was examined and reviewed. As a result, a new highly-valid norm for the present 1,000m running-walking was made. Among the 5th and 6th graders, 2,144 pupils were chosen. The subjects were given 1,000m running-walking and step test. The new norm led to the following results: 1. The frequency distribution of PEI according to Cajori's 5-stage evaluation method turned out to be normal for both 5th and 6th graders. In conclusion, this new norm of 1,000m running-walking is believed to provide more valid and credible scores for elementary school students. The 1,000m running-walking records and the PEI will be used as the basic data for foretelling one's endurance.
( Yu Rim Lee ),( Soo Young Park ),( Eun Jeong Kang ),( Seong Jae Yeo ),( Myong Hi Kim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Introduction: For the treatment of acute hemorrhage from gastric varices, n-butyl- 2-cyanoacrlyate(NBCA) injection therapy is recommended. Here we report a patient with portal and splenic vein occlusion after injection therapy with NBCA. Case: A 58-year-old man with liver cirrhosis was admitted to our hospital because of melena due to cardiac variceal bleeding. NBCA injection therapy was performed and hemostasis was achieved, so he was discharged from the hospital. After 2 weeks, the patient was readmitted because of fever, abdominal distension and poor oral intake. There was no defi nite cause of fever, but a computed tomography scan showed sclerotherapy agent like dense material in main and left portal vein, splenic vein. It also revealed new onset ascites, esophageal and gastric varices. Administration of antibiotics and diuretics, and recurrent paracentesis were performed for 5 months. finally, the patients developed renal failure, so liver transplantation was recommended, but he refused to do it and discharged. He died two months later. Discussion: NBCA injection therapy is effective and relatively safe procedure for the treatment of active gastric variceal bleeding. However, a variety of complications have been described, including pericarditis and pulmonary embolism. In our case, the treatment of the cardiac varices by injection of NBCA led to portal and splenic vein embolization. It resulted in infection, portal hypertension, following poorly controlled tense ascites, renal failure and deconditioning. Portal vein occlusion is rare, but potentially life threatening complication of NBCA injection therapy. Clinicians should be aware of possibility of portal vein occlusion in patients following NBCA injection therapy, who develop massive ascites or fever. Careful procedure by well experienced endoscopist , early recognition and prompt management is essential.
Improving the mechanical strength of the Mg alloy with Ni electroplating
Yu Rim Kang,Jae B. Kwak 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.8
In this study, Ni electroplating is applied to the surface of the lightweight Mg alloy specimen to form a sandwich structure, and strengths improvement is quantitatively compared with the bare Mg alloy. Specifically, the mechanical properties of three specimens were compared one with another using mechanical tensile testing. Accordingly, two Ni electroplated specimens (Ni electroplated only and Ni electroplated with hydroxypropyl cellulose additive) were prepared and compared with the bare Mg alloy. As a result, both Ni electroplated specimens exhibit drastic improvement of the mechanical strength, which is attributed to the interaction between the sandwich structure covered with stiffer Ni material and grain refinement. Consequently, the rule of mixture was used to calculate the intrinsic elastic modulus of the Ni layer from the effective modulus. Finally, the calculated moduli were implemented using FEA (finite element analysis) and compared with the experimental results to examine their accuracy and validity.
Yu Rim Lee,Min Kyu Kang,Jeong Eun Song,Hyun Jung Kim,Young Oh Kweon,Won Young Tak,Se Young Jang,Jung Gil Park,Chang Hyeong Lee,Jae Seok Hwang,Byoung Kuk Jang,Jeong Ill Suh,Woo Jin Chung,Byung Seok Kim 대한간학회 2020 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.26 No.4
Background/Aims: Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide, the implication of pre-existing liver disease on the outcome of COVID-19 remains unresolved. Methods: A total of 1,005 patients who were admitted to five tertiary hospitals in South Korea with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included in this study. Clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with coexisting liver disease as well as the predictors of disease severity and mortality of COVID-19 were assessed. Results: Of the 47 patients (4.7%) who had liver-related comorbidities, 14 patients (1.4%) had liver cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis was more common in COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia than in those with non-severe pneumonia (4.5% vs. 0.9%, P=0.006). Compared to patients without liver cirrhosis, a higher proportion of patients with liver cirrhosis required oxygen therapy; were admitted to the intensive care unit; had septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or acute kidney injury; and died (P<0.05). The overall survival rate was significantly lower in patients with liver cirrhosis than in those without liver cirrhosis (log-rank test, P=0.003). Along with old age and diabetes, the presence of liver cirrhosis was found to be an independent predictor of severe disease (odds ratio, 4.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–17.02; P=0.026) and death (hazard ratio, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.04–9.30; P=0.042) in COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: This study suggests liver cirrhosis is a significant risk factor for COVID-19. Stronger personal protection and more intensive treatment for COVID-19 are recommended in these patients.
Hesperidin Partially Restores Impaired Immune and Nutritional Function in Irradiated Mice
Yu-Rim Lee,정지혜,김현숙 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.5
Hesperidin is a flavonone glycoside found abundantly in citrus fruits that reportedly possesses anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and immune effects. Irradiation has been widely used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, but it has the side effect of damaging normal cells and thereby inducing inflammation. This study was performed to investigate the effect of hesperidin on immune reactivity and nutritional status in mice with irradiation-induced inflammation. Two different concentrations (50 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of body weight) of hesperidin were orally administered for 6 weeks to mice with or without 15-Gy irradiation treatment starting 2 weeks before irradiation. Splenocyte proliferation on Day 10 after irradiation was enhanced by supplementation with hesperidin at 50 mg/kg of body weight compared with that of the control group without irradiation on Day 30 after irradiation. The percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the 50 mg/kg of body weight hesperidin group tended to increase compared with the normal group. The concentration of serum cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) decreased in the radiation group treated with hesperidin at 50 and 200 mg/kg of body weight compared with the control group on Day 10 after irradiation. Irradiated mice fed 50 mg/kg of body weight hesperidin had significantly higher levels of total protein and albumin compared with the other groups 30 days after irradiation. In conclusion, this study suggests that hesperidin may enhance immunocompetence, have beneficial effects on nutritional status, and decrease irradiation-induced inflammation in mice.