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Private Speech and Mutual Engagement in Preschoolers Playtime Interaction : Talk and Embodiment
김윤희(Younhee Kim) 한국사회언어학회 2018 사회언어학 Vol.26 No.2
Kim, Younhee. 2018. “Private Speech and Mutual Engagement in Preschoolers Playtime Interaction: Talk and Embodiment”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 26(2), 119~165. Preschoolers playtime interaction presents a unique context where private speech/self-talk and mutual conversation are co-present as well as within and out-of-(pretend play) frame talk. Preliminary observation of the data from the larger project revealed an overall pattern where the two children would play together and soon one child or both of them wander off to his/her own private speech/play mode, and then mutual engagement is achieved again. The current study examines this phenomenon from a conversation analytic perspective by showing what types of sequential resources are employed by the children to manage the transition. The resources include making an announcement, a noticing comment about the shared environment, repetition, code-switching, and embodied resources such as gaze, postural orientation, and spatial positioning in the play space (Kendon 1990). The transition from mutual conversation to private speech often accompanies transition from reality to pretend play talk, though not exclusively so. Making a meta-pretend play comment and making a reference to the theme of the joint play also served as an effective way to achieve re-engagement. Based on detailed interactional analysis, the study suggests that the playtime interaction of preschoolers affords more self-oriented speech (self-repair, private speech) and is characterized by rather loosened expectation for responsivity while “playing together” takes close orientation to the other child s behavior as they co-ordinate moments of mutual engagement and separate play throughout their co-presence.
A comparison of dementia care and policy in five Asian regions: A literature review
Younhee Kang(Younhee Kang),Dukyoo Jung(Dukyoo Jung),Jung Jae Lee(Jung Jae Lee),Sumalee Lirtmunlikaporn(Sumalee Lirtmunlikaporn ),Huei-Chuan Sung(Huei-Chuan Sung),Miyae Yamakawa(Miyae Yamakawa ),Yujin 한국노인간호학회 2023 노인간호학회지 Vol.25 No.2
Purpose: This review was comprised of an integrative analysis of the literature on the current state of dementia and related issues in Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. Methods: Published reports and policy documents from MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, and each government’s database were used in this review. Results: All five Asian regions are projected to become super-aged societies within 12 years, and the number of people with dementia has increased in these regions. All five regions have established dementia policies, which include improving dementia awareness, risk reduction, early diagnosis, and support programs for caregivers. However, there is a lack of information systems for sharing dementia data and research funding for dementia. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish a dementia committee for Asian regions to actively address the challenges posed by the upcoming super-aged societies and to complement the insufficient research. This review provides future directions for dealing with diverse dementia-related issues and can serve as the basis for forming an Asian dementia committee.
Predicting Arbitrage-free American Option Prices Using Artificial Neural Network with Pseudo Inputs
Younhee Lee,Youngdoo Son 대한산업공학회 2021 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.20 No.2
Machine learning models, which have recently been applied to evaluate financial variables, have a major difficulty to accomplish arbitrage-free valuation. We propose an American style option pricing method using multilayer artificial neural networks with arbitrage-free pseudo inputs. The proposed neural network model was trained with samples composed of market data and pseudo grid points generated by the calibrated parametric models. The trained model found arbitrage-free price or nearest price for each strike price and expiration date. We compared the proposed model with a conventional multilayer neural network model in terms of model prediction using S&P 100 American put options from 2012. The proposed model achieved better prediction performance than the conventional neural network model. In addition, prices obtained from the proposed method were much closer to the arbitrage-free prices from the parametric model.
Twist of Knots and the Q-polynomials
Younhee Choi,Myeong-ju Jeong,Chan-young Park 경북대학교 자연과학대학 수학과 2004 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.44 No.3
The last two authors ([16]) gave solutions for the problem whether a higher derivative of the Conway, Alexander and Jones polynomial at a point is a Vassiliev invariant or not, by using Birman and Lin’s result ([2]). For the Q-polynomial it is known that the nth derivative Q(n )K (a) of theQ polynomial QK (x) of a knot K at a is not a Vassiliev invariant if a 6= 1 ; 2 ([16], [39]). A sequence fK ig1i=0 of knots is called a twist sequence if they differ in a local part of two strands in whichK i+1 is obtained from K i by adding a full twist for each i. The local transform of two parallel strands with parallel orientation to the k-half twist of the two strands is called the tk-move.In this paper we show that, for any positive integer n,Q(n )K (1) is not a Vassiliev invariant and Q(n )K ( 2) is not a Vassiliev invariant of degree< 2n, by using R. Trapp’sresult ([41]) on twist sequences of knots. Also by using higher derivatives Q(n )K ( 2) of the Q polynomial, we give some criterions to detect whether a knot K can be transformed to a knot K0 by finitely many t2k-moves, and if so, we give some results on the number of t2k-moves necessary in the transformation.
The Primary Process and Key Concepts of Economic Evaluation in Healthcare
Younhee Kim,Yunjung Kim,Hyeon-Jeong Lee,Seulki Lee,Sun-Young Park,오성희,Suhyun Jang,Tae-Jin Lee,Jeonghoon Ahn,Sangjin Shin 대한예방의학회 2022 예방의학회지 Vol.55 No.5
Economic evaluations in the healthcare are used to assess economic efficiency of pharmaceuticals and medical interventions such as diagnoses and medical procedures. This study introduces the main concepts of economic evaluation across its key steps: planning, outcome and cost calculation, modeling, cost-effectiveness results, uncertainty analysis, and decision-making. When planning an economic evaluation, we determine the study population, intervention, comparators, perspectives, time horizon, discount rates, and type of economic evaluation. In healthcare economic evaluations, outcomes include changes in mortality, the survival rate, life years, and quality-adjusted life years, while costs include medical, non-medical, and productivity costs. Model-based economic evaluations, including decision tree and Markov models, are mainly used to calculate the total costs and total effects. In cost-effectiveness or cost-utility analyses, cost-effectiveness is evaluated using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, which is the additional cost per one additional unit of effectiveness gained by an intervention compared with a comparator. All outcomes have uncertainties owing to limited evidence, diverse methodologies, and unexplained variation. Thus, researchers should review these uncertainties and confirm their robustness. We hope to contribute to the establishment and dissemination of economic evaluation methodologies that reflect Korean clinical and research environment and ultimately improve the rationality of healthcare policies.