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ScaleGPU: GPU Architecture for Memory-Unaware GPU Programming
Youngsok Kim,Jaewon Lee,Donggyu Kim,Jangwoo Kim IEEE 2014 IEEE computer architecture letters Vol.13 No.2
<P>Programmer-managed GPU memory is a major challenge in writing GPU applications. Programmers must rewrite and optimize an existing code for a different GPU memory size for both portability and performance. Alternatively, they can achieve only portability by disabling GPU memory at the cost of significant performance degradation. In this paper, we propose ScaleGPU, a novel GPU architecture to enable high-performance memory-unaware GPU programming. ScaleGPU uses GPU memory as a cache of CPU memory to provide programmers a view of CPU memory-sized programming space. ScaleGPU also achieves high performance by minimizing the amount of CPU-GPU data transfers and by utilizing the GPU memory's high bandwidth. Our experiments show that ScaleGPU can run a GPU application on any GPU memory size and also improves performance significantly. For example, ScaleGPU improves the performance of the hotspot application by ~48% using the same size of GPU memory and reduces its memory size requirement by ~75% maintaining the target performance.</P>
CFP1 role in germ cell development
Youngsok Choi 한국발생생물학회 2014 한국발생생물학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2014 No.9
Epigenetic change is dynamic during germ cell development. DNA methylation and histone modification are the most important epigenetic process to regulate the gene expressions. They are very close reciprocal relationship on the specific genomic regions called CpG islands (CGI). The CGIs are located on the promoter regions and recruit various epigenetic regulators including, CFP1, KDM2A, KDM2B, TET1 and MLL. They contain a common domain which is the zinc finger CxxC domain. The CxxC domain reads non-methylated CpG and recruits other regulatory elements such as SET1, PRC, COMPASS and SIN3A to modify Histone proteins. CFP1 contains a CxxC domain. CFP1 protein therefore imposes an ability to distinguish its important regulatory element, “non-methylated CpG” from the genome. After binding the CpG, CFP1 recruits SET1 complex, which is involved in the histone H3 lysin 4 (H3K4) methylation. However, the functional consequence of CFP1 in the germ cell development remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that CFP1 is critical for the both spermatogenesis and oogenesis using conditional knockout system.
Mutations in SOHLH1 gene associate with nonobstructive Azoospermia
Choi, Youngsok,Jeon, Sanghyun,Choi, Mikyung,Lee, Min-ho,Park, Miseon,Lee, Dong Ryul,Jun, Kyu-Yeon,Kwon, Youngjoo,Lee, Ok-Hee,Song, Seung-Hun,Kim, Ji-Young,Lee, Kyung-Ah,Yoon, Tae Ki,Rajkovic, Aleksand Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Human mutation Vol.31 No.7
<P>In a previous study, we found SOHLH1 (spermatogenesis and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix 1) as the first testis-specific basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor essential for spermatogonial differentiation. SOHLH1 therefore represents an excellent candidate gene for testicular failure such as nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). We analyzed whether there were mutations in the SOHLH1 gene in 96 Korean patients with NOA. The sequence analysis discovered three novel variations: one intronic variant (c.346−1G>A), and two nonsynonymous exonic variants (c.91T>C and c.529C>A) with known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which included six intronic variants, two synonymous, and two nonsynonymous variants. We examined the consequences of mutations in SOHLH1 using in vivo and in vitro assays. Analysis of transcripts from minigenes carrying the c.346−1G>A revealed that splicing site variation leads to the partial deletion at a cryptic splicing site within exon 4. This deletion results in SOHLH1 with a truncated bHLH domain. Transient transfection assay showed that the SOHLH1 mutant with the truncated domain disrupted the transcriptional activity of KIT promoter, whereas two missense mutations harboring either p.Arg37Gln or p.Pro269Ser did not have a significant effect on its transactivation. Our findings indicate that a splice-acceptor site mutation that probably causes a nonfunctional SOHLH1 protein results in nonobstructive azoospermia by the lack of normal spermatogenesis. Hum Mutat 31:788–793, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
The Role of Application Rank in the Extended Mobile Application Download
Bang, Youngsok,Lee, Dong-Joo The Korea Society of Management Information System 2015 Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems Vol.25 No.3
The growing popularity of mobile application has led to researchers and practitioners needing to understand users' mobile application download behaviors. Using large-scale transaction data obtained from a leading Korean telecommunications company, we empirically explore how application download rank, which appears to users when they decide to download a new application, affects their extended mobile application download. This terminology refers to downloading an additional application in the same category as those that they have already downloaded. We also consider IT characteristics, user characteristics, and application type that might be associated with the extended application download. The analysis generates the following result. Overall, a higher rank of a new application encourages the extended application download, but the linear relationship between the rank and the extended application download disappears when critical rank points are incorporated into the model. Further, no quadratic effect of rank is found in the extended application download. Based on the results, we suggest theoretical and managerial implications.
국제형사재판소규정상 공적 지위의 무관련성 원칙과 주권면제 원칙에 관한 분석
김영석 ( Youngsok Kim ) 이화여자대학교 법학연구소 2015 法學論集 Vol.20 No.1
Article 27 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Rome Statute, ICC Statute) provides “Irrelevance of official capacity”. On the other hand, Article 98 provides the consideration of immunities including “State Immunity” and “Diplomatic Immunity”. This article points out that Article 27 is not inconsistent with Article 98 but also both provisions are complementary. Read both provisions together, it is interpreted that there are no immunities under international law for the crimes within the jurisdiction of the ICC, namely, the crime of genocide, crime against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. Article 98(1) is applicable only to state or diplomatic immunity of property, which is not addressed in Article 27. This point is the same irrespective that the third state under Article 98(1) is a State Party to the Rome Statute or not. If the third state is a State Party, the state is considered to waive its State Immunity or Diplomatic Immunity for the concerned person by agreeing Article 27. If the third state is not a State Party to the Rome Statute, the state cannot assert a claim of immunity because Article 27 is applicable to the state by “customary law avenue” or “UN Security Council avenue”. In conclusion, every state cannot refuse the surrender of a person or other forms of assistance to the ICC by invoking Article 98(1) and asserting a claim of state immunity of diplomatic immunity of persons those are alleged to commit the crime of genocide, crime against humanity, war crime or the crime of aggression.