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Succeeding or Overcoming Father: Two Ideas on American Cities in Death of a Salesman and Fences
Youngbin HYEON 이화여자대학교 이화인문과학원 2013 탈경계인문학 Vol.6 No.3
In this essay I illuminate two disparate but concurrent ideas on the American cities of 1940–50s reflected in the stories about father–son relationship, Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman and August Wilson’s Fences. The urban space appears as irrevocable reality in both texts, and it functions as the main reason for the tragic demise of fathers and the problematic father–son relationship. Nonetheless, the protagonists as well as their sons in each play react to the city space in a diametrically opposed way: Willy Loman eludes the city, but Troy Maxson indulges in it; Biff and Happy succeed their father, but Cory defies and overcomes his. This essay explains this difference stemming from the same urban condition through interdisciplinary study of literature and socio–historical research of the American cities of mid–twentieth century. I begin by textual analysis of each play, of which aim is to manifest the gap in the characters’ attitudes, and in expansion, the plays’ standpoint concerning cities. Then I move on to explore the history of urbanization in America, and the influences of its particular phases on the discordant perspectives on American cities. Accordingly, Jeffersonian agrarianism originating from the 19th century that still held negative stance on the city in the 20th century is discussed in relation to the birth and expansion of American cities, which is clearly reflected in Death of a Salesman. On the other hand, the appearance of naturalism to which social determinism was an intrinsic element is discussed in step with the American ghetto formed by massive influx of foreign and local immigrants, which is vividly depicted in Fences.
A Low Power and Wide Variable Gain RF Receiver Front-end for 5.25-㎓ Band
Youngbin Ahn,Jichai Jeong 대한전자공학회 2010 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.1 No.1
A CMOS front-end with wide variable gain and low power consumption for 5.25 ㎓ band has been designed and simulated with the TSMC 0.18 ㎛ CMOS technology. To obtain wide variable gain range, a p-MOSFET is connected in a shunt configuration for the low noise amplifier (LNA) section. For a mixer, a single balanced and folded structure is employed for the low power consumption. The bias currents of the transconductance and switching stages in the mixer area can be separated without using a current bleeding path. The proposed front-end has a maximum gain of 33 ㏈ with a variable gain range of 25 ㏈. The noise figure and third-order input intercept point (IIP3) are 5.2 ㏈ and -8.5 ㏈m, respectively. For the operating condition, the proposed front-end consumes 7.1 ㎽ at a high gain mode, and 2.6 ㎽ at a low gain mode.
AMUSE: Empowering Users for Cost-Aware Offloading with Throughput-Delay Tradeoffs
Youngbin Im,Joe-Wong, Carlee,Sangtae Ha,Soumya Sen,Taekyoung Kwon, Ted,Mung Chiang IEEE Computer Society 2016 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING Vol.15 No.5
<P>To cope with recent exponential increases in demand for mobile data, wireless Internet service providers (ISPs) are increasingly changing their pricing plans and deploying Wi-Fi hotspots to offload their mobile traffic. However, these ISP-centric approaches for traffic management do not always match the interests of mobile users. Users face a complex, multi-dimensional tradeoff between cost, throughput, and delay in making their offloading decisions: while they may save money and receive a higher throughput by waiting for Wi-Fi access, they may not wait for Wi-Fi if they are sensitive to delay. To navigate this tradeoff, we develop Adaptive bandwidth Management through USer-Empowerment (AMUSE), a functional prototype of a practical, cost-aware Wi-Fi offloading system that takes into account a user's throughput-delay tradeoffs and cellular budget constraint. Based on predicted future usage and Wi-Fi availability, AMUSE decides which applications to offload to what times of the day. Since nearly all traffic flows from mobile devices are TCP flows, we introduce a new receiver-side bandwidth allocation mechanism to practically enforce the assigned rate of each TCP application. Thus, AMUSE users can optimize their bandwidth rates according to their own cost-throughput-delay tradeoff without relying on support from different apps' content servers. Through a measurement study of 20 smartphone users' traffic usage traces, we observe that though users already offload a large amount of some application types, our framework can offload a significant additional portion of users' cellular traffic. We implement AMUSE on Windows 7 tablets and evaluate its effectiveness with 3G and Wi-Fi usage data obtained from a trial with 37 mobile users. Our results show that AMUSE improves user utility; when compared with AMUSE, other offloading algorithms yield 14 and 27 percent lower user utilities for light and heavy users, respectively. Intelligently managing users' competing interests for cost, throughput, and delay can therefore improve their offloading decisions.</P>
Stereotypes, Acting, and Alienation: Philip Kan Gotanda’s Yankee Dawg You Die
( Youngbin Hyeon ) 한국영어영문학회 2021 영어 영문학 Vol.67 No.4
This paper explores the intersectionality of race, labor, stereotype, and self-alienation in an Asian American context, using Philip Kan Gotanda’s Yankee Dawg You Die (1988) as the primary text. The Asian stereotypes have long affected American mass media’s representation of Asian Americans, exposing them to a serious degree of alienation and identity crisis that is reproduced and inherited between generations. Therefore, this paper argues that Yankee Dawg’s main focus is not on the individuals involved in the intergenerational conflict but on the American system which forces them to reproduce the stereotypes as well as the racial self-alienation. To analyze the structure of racial self-alienation and search for the possibility of de-alienation, this paper firstly illuminates the origin of anti-Asian sentiment and Asian stereotypes, which is found in the history of Asian immigrant labor by which the bipolarization of Asian sexuality occurred in terms of media representation. Then, this paper moves on to investigate Yankee Dawg, focusing on how intergenerational conflict is built upon the unchallenged racial stereotypes and the inherited self-alienation of Asian American actors. Though a century has passed since the days of the coolies, the ontological crisis derived from stereotypes still plagues Asian Americans of the present and especially the representational laborers. Finally, the paper’s historical and textual analysis will search for the possibilities of de-alienation, by questioning the role of Asian American actors, audience, and racial ideology in fast-changing media markets.
Youngbin Jang,Eunmi Koh 한국식품과학회 2021 한국식품과학회지 Vol.53 No.5
The demand for sustainable extraction of bioactive compounds from food matrices has been increasing. Water extraction of anthocyanins in aronia was investigated using conventional and ultrasonic-assisted methods. The optimum extraction conditions for the conventional method included a sample-to-water ratio of 1:40 g/mL, extraction temperature 71℃, and extraction time of 39 min. The optimized conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction were a sample-to-water ratio of 1:40 g/mL, extraction temperature 80℃, extraction time of 20 min, and an amplitude of 87.2 μm. The anthocyanin contents of the two extracts were 155.32 and 158.02 mg/100 g fresh weight, respectively. The major anthocyanins were cyanidin 3-galactoside (65% of the total) and cyanidin 3-arabinoside (30% of the total). The contents of individual anthocyanins and phenolic acids were not significantly different between the two optimized extracts.