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전영아 ( Jun¸ Young-a ) 한국언어문화교육학회 2004 언어와 문화 Vol.1 No.1
The purpose of this study is to analyze English-speaking learners' errors in using Korean Attributive forms. To analyze the errors, I used not only the compositions written by English-speaking learners form various Korean language institutes, but also a questionnaire where the learners had to fill in the blanks in sentences using Korean attributive forms. The followings are the types of errors analyzed in this study. I also suggested how teachers could explain these errors to learners. First, common morphologic errors were made when the attributive forms come after the tense pre-final endings. Another type of morphologic error is using ‘-어-’ or ‘으-’ in front of ‘는’ or ‘던’. Therefore, teachers should explain when to use tense pre-final endings in front of the attributive forms and when not to use them Korean tense pre-final endings. ‘겠’ and ‘았’ can come in front of ‘던’ but not in front of ‘-는, 을, 은’. even if the preceding consonant starting attributive forms such as ‘는’, or ‘던’, but ‘으’ has to be used in front of ‘-ㄹ’ or ‘-ㄴ’. Second, learners confused ‘-(으)ㄹ’ and ‘-는’, when ‘-는’, has meaning other than present progressive. The difference between ‘-(으)ㄹ’ and ‘-는’ can be explained through the idea of the speaker's intention. ‘-(으)ㄹ’conveys the speaker's intention while ‘-는’ does not. Vcnrd, ‘-던’, ‘-았던’ and ‘-(으)ㄴ’ were confused by learners. ‘-(으)ㄴ’ represents past perfective’, while ‘-던’ represents past imperfective’. ‘Imperfective’ can be either progressive, habitual, repetitive, or incompletion. ‘-았던’ can be used instead of ‘-(으)ㄴ’ or ‘-던’ for most of cases except ‘incompletion’. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
The Effect of Different Substrate Media on Yield of Lentinula edodes (Shiitake)
Youngae Park,Sooyoung Seo,Yeongseon Jang,Kang-Hyeon Ka 한국버섯학회 2016 버섯 Vol.20 No.2
Sawdust bag cultivation was performed to understand the effect of different sawdust substrate (Quercus mongolica, Q. acutissima, Q. serrata, Q. aliena, and Q. variabilis) on the eight variety of shiitake (Poongnyunko, SANJO 701, Mori 436ho, Sanlim 10ho, Chilha 6ho, Yoogiro, Baekwhahyang, Charmaram). After inoculation, sawdust substrate block (2 kg) was cultivated at 22°C for 120 days. During the production period, the temperature was adjusted to 18°C and the relative humidity at 90%. The yield was calculated based on the fruit bodies from the first, second and third flush. As results, Poongnyunko yielded 455 g on the substrate, Q. serrata, 378 g on Q. aliena, and 333 g on Q. variabilis. Chilha 6ho yielded 304 g on Q. mongolica and Charmaram yielded 245 g on Q. acutissima. The average weight of mushrooms from Charmaram was 40-45 g on all five substrates and Q. variabilis was the best among them. In terms of phenotypic characteristics, Chilha 6ho was generally better than the others. Charmaram, Poongnyunko, Sanlim 10ho also had good characteristics. Mori 436ho, Yoogiro, Baekwhahyang developed for log cultivation showed lower yield compared to the varieties for sawdust bag cultivation.
Infants Spontaneous Musical Behavior on the Basis of SoI-EY Framework
Youngae Lee,Sanghee Lee 환태평양유아교육연구학회 2020 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.14 No.1
The purpose of this study is to introduce the SoI-EY framework and investigate infants’ spontaneous musical behavior based on that framework. The SoI-EY framework is an instrument for investigating children’s musical behavior and engagement. It was originally developed in England for children with learning difficulties, but a growing body of research using the SoI framework has been conducted throughout the world. SoI-EY was developed in order to explore the potential relevance for infants of so-called neurotypical musical development. We investigated three infants’ musical behavior on the basis of that framework, gathering data by recording video over 13 weeks, then analyzed the total 1693 minutes of video. The frequency, average, and percentage of musical behavior were conducted based on three domains of the SoI-EY framework. We observed that Boy A ranged from Level 2 to Level 4 in the three domains, showing Level 2 overall, while boys B and C fit Level 2 in the reactive domain, and Levels 2 to 4 in the interactive and proactive domains. The results indicated that children of similar ages have different musical development levels, and that a child’s environment, developmental level, and playmates can all influence the level of musical development.
Cultural characteristics (VIII) of hybrid strains of Lentinula edodes on sawdust media
Youngae Park,Sung-I Woo,Yeongseon Jang,Rhim Ryoo,Kang-Hyeon Ka 한국버섯학회 2018 버섯 Vol.22 No.1
The nine parental strains of Lentinula edodes including cultivar “Sanbaeghyang” were selected to develop new cultivar of Lentinula edodes with good cultural characteristics and high productivity. A total of 44 strains were obtained by mono-mono hybridization. We investigated their cultural characteristics and fruiting body productivity using sawdust media cultivation method. For the cultivation, rectangular shape polypropylene bags filled with 2 kg sawdust media containing 80% of Querqus spp. sawdust and 20% of wheat bran were used. The average weight loss of sawdust media of 44 strains was 9.7% after 100 days of incubation. Nineteen strains (43%) showed above-average rates of weight loss. NIFoS 3515 had the highest weight loss rate (12.7%) among the hybrid strains, followed by NIFoS 3530 (12.4%) and NIFoS 3519 (12.3%). Overall, fruiting body production was low. After the second flush of fruiting body production, the average weight of mushrooms was 40.8 g per 2 kg sawdust medium, because fruit bodies were formed by 17 strains (38.6%) out of 44 strains. Ten strains (22.7%) showed above-average productivity. The highest productivity was shown by NIFoS 3533 (417 g), followed by NIFoS 3512 (237 g), and NIFoS 3516(211 g).
Cultivation Characteristics of Newly Bred Lentinula edodes Strain ‘Sansanhyang’
Youngae Park,Yeongseon Jang,Rhim Ryoo,Kang-Hyeon Ka 한국버섯학회 2020 버섯 Vol.24 No.1
A new cultivar ‘Sansanhyang’ was bred from monokaryotic strains of Sanbackhyang and SANJO 707ho by mono-mono hybridization method. Cap was convex and brown, it was 70 mm in diameter and 16 mm in thickness. The distribution of scales was whole and the scales were brown and slightly brown. The arrangement of gill was ripple and gill density was dense. Stipe was cream colored and fluff was medium. Sansanhyang had 100day cultivation period and fruiting bodies sporadic occurrence. It was a medium-low temperature strain and the temperature for fruiting body formation was 10-16°C. The ratio of fruiting body production was the 1st flush 89%, the 2nd flush 6% and the 3rd flush 5%. Sansanhyang was different from Sanbackhyang by its convex cap, 70 mm of cap diameter, and 40.5 mm of stipe length. Sanbackhyang had convex cap, 71 mm of cap diameter and 56.9 mm of stipe length.