상아질에 대한 자가 산부식 접착제의 전단결합강도와 SEM 분석 비교

조영곤,노기선,김수미,이영곤,정진호,기영재 大韓齒科保存學會 2003 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.28 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength and interfacial pattern of composite bonded to dentin using self-etching adhesive systems. Sixty extracted human molars with exposed occlusal dentin were divided into four groups and bonded with four adhesives and composites: Single Bond/Filtek Z 250(SB), Tyrian SPE-One-Step Plus/Aelitefil(TY), Prompt L-Lpop/Filtek Z 250(LP), and one-Up Bond F/Palfique Toughwell(OU). The results of this study were as follows; 1. Shear bond strength for OU was significantly lowet than that of other groups(p<0.05). No significant difference was founded among SB, TY, and LP. 2. Failure modes to dentin showed adhesive and mixed for SB, TY, and LP, but them for OUT showed adhesive in all spceimens. 3. Dentin-resin interface showed close adaptation for SB, TY, and LP, but it showed gap for OU. 4. The hybrid layers for TY, LP, OU were thinner than that of SB. Adhesive layers were observed between composite and hybrid layer, which were 5 ㎛ thick for TY and 10 ㎛ thick for OU.

산채류의보존과 일본식 절임

오영애,하귀현,박인경,김미향,김미정,김미경,정자림,이명숙,김순동 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1992 식품과학지 Vol.4 No.-

This paper showed the summarization of the preservative method of wild vegetables in the house and the precessing method of Japanese pickles. The preservative methods of wild vegetables were explained devided into long, short term, fresh state, heat treatment and drying. Salt, soybean fermented sauce, soybean fermented paste, lees of refined rice wine and residue in the preparation of bean curd were used as the materials of Japanese pickles.

부산지역 무균성 뇌막염 원인 바이러스의 분리 및 동정 : 1998년을 중심으로

김영희,정영기,김기순,지영미,윤재득,김병준,구평태,민상기,정구영,김만수,조경순 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

The incidence of aseptic meningitis infection is ensuing and threatening the health of children. Enteroviruses are the major agents of aseptic meningitis and identification of virus has been a clue to diagnosis and epidemiology. The outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred in Pusan, 1998. Patients were concentrated from April through November. Children were more susceptible than adults. Among 306 cases of specimens from stool, throat swab tested, only 7.2% were positive on virus isolation, 12 cases from stool and 10 from throat, respectively. All isolated 7 serotypes of viruses represented cytopathic effect on cultured cells. Three types of echovirus 6, 25, 30 and coxsackievirus B2, B3, B4, B6 were identified by neutralizing anti body test. Isolated coxsackievirus and echovirus were observed by an electron microscope with negative staining.

김치담금재료의 미생물 오염상태와 오존처리효과

김미정,김미경,오영애,김미향,김순동 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1992 식품과학지 Vol.4 No.-

배추김치 담금재료의 미생물 오염상태를 조사하고 동시에 ozone처리에 의한 청정화 효과를 검토하였다. 배추, 고추 마늘 및 생강의 오염정도를 부위별 또는 생태별로 조사해 본 결과 세균수는 24.67-334.96×10 exp (4)범위였으며, 곰팡이+효모는 17.89-274.50×10 exp (4) 범위이었다. 미생물 오염 정도는 배추의 경우 겉부분 보다 속부분과 상부에서 높았다. 또 고춧가루는 무포장이 포장한것 보다 8-9배의 높은 오염도를 나타내었다. 마늘은 깐마늘의 경우가 까지않은것 보다 6-7배의 높은 오염도를 보였다. 고추의 미생물 오염도는 숙도가 높을 수록 높았으며 표면보다 내부의 오염도가 높았다. 배추를 흐르는 수돗물로 세척한 결과 세척 20분 동안에 총균의 46%가 제거되었으나 그 이상의 세척효과는 없었다. 오존수에 의한 세척은 오존농도 6㎎/ℓ/sec에서 0.5-1시간 처리시 총균의 92-95%가 제거되었으며, 개스상의 오존을 동일 동도로 처리하였을 때는 86-89%가 제거되었다. 오존을 처리시에 생존한 미생물은 유도기가 연장되었으며, 생육도도 현저하게 낮았다. This study examined the microbial contamination in the soaking materials of Chinese cabbage kimchi and cleaned effect by ozone treatment. of the kimchi. In Chinese cabbage, red pepper powder, garlic and ginger, the mumber of bacteria was 24.67-334.96×10 exp (4) and that of mold and yeast was 17.89-247.50×10 exp (4). Microbial contamination was higher in the outer and upper part of cabbage than in the inner part. The contamination was 8-9 times higher in unpackaged red pepper powder than in packaged one. That was 6-7 times higher in peeled garlic than in unpeeled one. As a result of washing by tap water for 20min, 46% of the total number of microbe in Chinese cabbage was eliminated. 92-95% of that was eliminated by treatment of ozone water 6㎎/ℓ/sec for 0.5-1.0 hour whereas 86-89% of that was eliminated by treatment of ozone gas. The lag phase of survival microbes was extended but the growth of the microbes inhibited by the treatment of ozone.

세미나 수업을 통한 심미적독서향상

김영미 덕성여자대학교 고등교육연구소 1997 敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.-

From a constructivist perspective reading is defined as meaning negotiation among a reader, a text, and a certain context. There are two reading modes: aesthetic reading and efferent reading. Current reading instruction in most schools focuses only on efferent reading' extracting key information from a text. This kind of instruction is based on text analysis which is popular in instruction based in the linguistic perspective. This style of reading instruction becomes boring for students, so there is a decrease of interest in reading among young people nowadays. This decrease of interest in reading among young people is also a result of the increased popularity of Nintendo games, movies, music, and chatting by computer. It is necessary to encourage young students to realize the joy of reading. Therefore, there is a need to strike a balance between aesthetic reading and efferent reading in reading instruction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the various ways to encourage meaning construction through aesthetic reading in a small seminar class. The two methods of gathering information in this study are observation and open ended dialogues. The researcher will observe readers as they read and then have open ended dialogues after they have finished reading a text in order to understand the readers' attitudes toward aesthetic reading, The findings of this research will be analyzed and implications for further study and theory development will be suggested.

호텔과 ‘강남의 탄생’

김미영(Kim, Mee-young) 서울시립대학교 서울학연구소 2016 서울학연구 Vol.- No.62

본 연구는 1980년∼1990년대 강남 신도시 개발, 강남 중상층 형성, 그리고 강남지역 특급 호텔의 급증 사이의 시간적·물리적 동시성(concurrencty)에 주목하여, ‘강남의 탄생’에 있어 도시 인프라로서 호텔이 수행한 공간생산 및 사회문화 기능을 분석하였다. 우선 호텔은 공간생산 인프라로서, 1980년대 초 영동 시대 호텔은 강북 인구 전입의 교두보이면서 영동 개발을 이끌어내는 매개체였다. 1980년대 말 영동이 완연한 신도시 강남으로 변모하는 과정에서 테헤란로와 잠실에 들어선 대형 호텔들은 강남 건설을 본격적으로 선도하면서 공간생산 기능을 한층 강화하였다. 또한 호텔은 사회문화 인프라로서, 영동시대 호텔은 붐 타운의 영동 문화를 적극적으로 수용하고 창출하는 공간적 거점이었다. 강남시대 호텔은 국가주도 공간생산 과정에서 경제적 우위집단으로 성장한 강남 신흥 중상층의 계급형성과 계급 재생산을 위한 사회문화적 매개 공간으로 작용하였다. Cities and hotels have a close spatial intimacy. With this consideration, hotels have been gradually understood as a sort of ‘urban infrastructure.’ The purpose of this paper is to analyze functions and roles of hotel as an urban infrastructure by focusing on ‘the birth of Gangnam’ in the 1980’s and 1990’s. This paper discusses two functions of urban infrastructure, namely space production and socio-cultural transformation. As a function of space production, hotels performed as a bridgehead to move population into Gangbuk during the development period of Young-dong in the early 1980’s. In the late 1980’s while Youngdong area was transforming into a new town, hotels construction in Taeheran-ro and Jamsil led to a full-scale construction and development throughout Gangnam. As a function of socio-culture transformation, hotels in Young-dong area showed a typical a boom town urban culture. In addition, hotels of the Gangnam era played a role as a socio-cultural space that formed and reproduced a new upper-middle class which grew into an economically dominant group.

백낙청의 리얼리즘론과 로렌스, 하이데거, 불교의 관련성

김미영(Kim Mee Young) 한국현대문학회 2014 한국현대문학연구 Vol.0 No.44

백낙청 비평담론의 핵심은 ‘리얼리즘론’이다. 그런데 그의 현실 참여적 민족 문학론의 실질적 근간인 리얼리즘론은 로렌스의 소설론, 하이데거의 예술론, 불교적 진리관이라는 이질적인 세 요소에 기초해 있어 특이하다. 1969년 『시민 문학론』 이후 백낙청의 비평적 개성은 여기서 나온다고 할 수 있다. 이 논문은 이 세 요소의 관련성을 중심으로 그의 리얼리즘론의 특징을 살핀 것이다. 백낙청은 리얼리즘을 ‘창작방법’의 차원이 아닌, ‘정신’의 문제로 간주하고, ‘시적 인간’과 ‘역사적 인간’의 접점에서 문학의 리얼리즘이 실현된다고 보았다. 사실적인 묘사보다 현실에 대한 정당한 인식과 실천적 관심을 강조한 그는, 리얼리즘문학의 좋은 예로 한국의 한용운과 영국의 로렌스의 문학을 꼽았다. 그는 로렌스의 장편소설론을 하이데거의 예술론에 연결시키고, 또다시 이를 불교적 진리관에 연관시켜 리얼리즘론을 구성하였다. 로렌스는 장편소설에서 디테일한묘사, 즉, ‘살아있는’ 것들의 ‘생생한’ 상호관련 하의 형상화를 중시하였고, 하이데거는 진리란 선재하는 것이 아니라 예술적 형상화를 통해 ‘현현’ 또는 ‘탈은폐’되는 것으로 본다. 백낙청은 하이데거의 형상화를 통한 진리(본질)의 현현을 로렌스의 ‘~임(Being)’의 찰라적, 직관적 제시라는 소설관에 연결시켰다. 로렌스는 절대적 진리의 부재를 주장하여 진리관에 있어서는 하이데거와 유사한 측면이 있는데, 백낙청은 이를 ‘지공무사’, ‘돈오’라는 불교적 진리관과 상통하는 것으로 이해한다. 백낙청의 이러한 비평적 개성은 그가 루카치의 재현론이나 엥겔스의 발자크론, 레닌의 톨스토이론을 수용하여 민중적 민족문학론을 주창할 때에도 지속되고 있어 이해가 쉽지 않다. 분명한 것은 백낙청이 후기로 갈수록 한국적 현실 속에서의 역사적이고 사회적인 실천들이나 예술작품의 창작과 종교적 수행을 동일시하는 관점을 보인다는 점이다. 『창작과 비평』의 수장으로서 그는 예술의 현실적 실천력의 획득이라는 목적달성이 수용자의 감응력을 매개 하지 않고는 불가하다는 입장에서 문학의 사회적 실천력과 예술성을 포괄하고자 하였기에, 이질적인 이 세 요소의 지난한 접합을 시도한 것으로 보인다. The purpose of this article is to research how to be connected the theories of D. H. Lawrence, Heidegger, and Buddhism in Baek Nak-Cheong"s theory of Realism. These 3 factors are so different in kind, but Baek Nak-Cheong said those were the bases of his all theories of Literature. Baek Nak-Cheong"s theories of national literature were constructed on those, too. So this article is aimed to show us how to be constructed on those 3 very different parts are connected in the Baek Nak-Cheong"s speciality of realism. First of all, Baek Nak-Cheong"s dissertation of Ph.D was dealed with D. H. Lawrence in Harvard University in 1972. Before that He had announced "The Theory of Citizen Literature"(1969). The that essay he had evaluated master pieces of D. H. Lawrence were based realism, in western culture of literature tradition. After that he always proclaimed D. H. Lawrence"s liberty & Han Young Woon"s love, Kim Soo young"s liberty & engagement as the comtemporary citizen spirit. The other hands, he quoted from Heidegger"s aesthetics. He regarded D. H. Lawrence"s thoughts about a long novel that is the unique genre being represented somethings are connected the other things, and being revived every things vividly. In the Heidegger"s aesthetics, the truth is exposed from time to time by giving shape artistically to revive. Baek Nak-Cheong said those truths are similar to thought of Buddhism"s truth. In the later period, He emphasized "Ji-gong-moo-sa 至公無私" as the supreme fairness and impartiality. That means his realism is located over the literature. Baek Nak-Cheong regards aesthetical creative works, participating in some social problems & some religious performances are same. That"s why Baek Nak-Cheong"s theory about literature are evaluated having aspects some metaphysical idealism.

인터넷 중독 청소년의 자존감, 우울, 충동성과 사회관계

윤혜미(Hye Mee Yoon),남영옥(Young Ok Nam) 충북대학교 생활과학연구소 2009 생활과학연구논총 Vol.13 No.1

Over the last decade, there has been increased interest in the addictive potential of the Internet, and past studies have indicated that the addictive pattern of Internet use are associated with some psycho-social traits of the users and adolescents and young adults are especially vulnerable population. This study investigated the extent to which psycho-social factors were related to the extent of Internet usage among adolescents and to examine the potential influences of self-esteem, depression and impulsiveness on social relations of the adolescents with Internet addiction. A total of 2,495 adolescents ages between 15-17 responded to the questionnaire, which included Young's IAT, Rosenberg's Self-esteem instrument, Beck's BDI, BISII, Hudson's IFR and IPR. Results showed that 61.0% of the sample were considered Internet addicted(4.0% seriously pathological, 57.0% moderate), who suffer from higher level of depression, impulsiveness, and problems of social relations and low self-esteem than their peers. Regression analysis indicated that problems in social relations among adolescents with Internet addiction were predicted by low self-esteem and depression. No link was found between impulsiveness and social relations. Results suggest that preventive efforts for Internet addiction of adolescents are in imminent needs. Implications to help professionals are addressed.

기능성 소화불량증환자에서 Winstal® 투여에 관한 임상경험

이창형,김영탁,금민수,권중구,안병철,윤영미,권영오,김성국,최용환,정준모 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1994 慶北醫大誌 Vol.35 No.3

목적 : 기능성 소화불량증은 소화, 흡수등 장관의 기능적인 이상과 관련되어 있을 것으로 생각되며 복합소화효소제(Winstal®)를 투여하여 그 임상효과를 평가하고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1994년 3월 부터 6월까지 경북대학교병원 내과를 방문한 기능성 소화불량증을 호소하는 환자 20명을 대상으로 Winstal®을 1회 1정씩, 1일 3회 식후 30분내에 경구로 2주간 투여하였다. 결과 : 소화불량증의 증상은 복부불쾌감, 복부팽만감, 식욕부진 및 오심, 복부동통, 공기연하증, 고창 및 구토순이었으며, 증상의 개선은 복부불쾌감이 76.4%(13/17)로 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 복부팽만감 및 공기연하증이 66.5%(10/15, 6/9)이었고, 오심 61.5%(8/13), 식욕부진 53.8%(7/13), 복부동통 41.6%(5/12), 고창 37.5%(3/8)이었다. 각 환자별 종합적인 증상의 개선도는 현저한 개선이 2예(10%), 중등도 개선이 3예(15%), 약간개선이 11예(55%), 불변이 4예(20%)이었으며 종합적인 유효율은 80%(16/20)이었다. 부작용은 한 예에서도 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 본 제제는 기능성 소화불량증 환자의 증상개선에 추천할 만한 유효한 약제로 생각된다. Dyspepsia is a common symptom in gastroenterologic practice and trigger for numerous consultations with physician. The treatment of chronic functional dyspesia is unsatisfactory. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the digestive compound (Winstal®) on 20 functional dyspepsia patients. On open trial, all patients were given 6 tablets daily for 2 weeks and we evaluated the efficacy of this preparation according to the degree of the improvement. The improvement of symptoms was 76.4%(13/17) in abdominal discomfort, 66.5%(10/15, 6/9) in abdominal distension and aerophagia, 61.5%(8/13) in nausea, 53.8%(7/13) in abdominal pain, and 37.5% (5/12) in flatulence, respectively. Overall effectiveness of subjective symptoms was 80% (16/20) and there were no untoward effects of the preparations during this study. As a result, We think that this preparation is an effective one to relieve symptoms of functional dyspepsia.

정신분열병 환자들의 自己灣入에 관한 예비 연구

박성봉,김영미,전성일,이기철,김영훈,정영조,이영렬,이정호,최영민 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.6

목 적 : 정 신분열병 환자의 자기만입 정도에 영향을 미치는 인구학적 변인들 및 질병연관 변인들을 규명해 보고자 하였다. 또한. 환자들의 자기만입과 병식 사이의 연관성. 자기만입과 자존심 사이의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 정신과 의사가 병록지와 면담을 통하여 대상 정신분열병 환자들의 인구학적 변인들 및 질병연관 변인들에 관한 자료를 얻고 환자들의 병식 정도를 평가한 후, 환자들로 하여금 자기보고형의 자기만입 척도와 자존심 척도를 시행하게 하였다. 총 111명의 환자가 연구대상으로 선택되었다. 결과: . 1) 여자가 남자보다 유의하게 높은 자기만입 척도 점수를 나타내었다 2) 질병연관 변인들 중 하위집단 사이에 자기만입 척도 점수의 유의한 차이를 보이는 변은 없었다. 3) 자기만입 척도 점수와 병식 점수 사이에 유의한 상관관계가 없었다. 4) 자기만입 척도 점수와 자존심 척도 점수 사이에 유의한 역상관 관계를 보였다. 결 론 : 본 예비 연구의 결과로 보아 정신분열 병 환자의 병식이 부족한 상태에서도 자기만입이 진행될 수 있으며. 자기만입이 심할수록 환자의 자존심이 저하되는 것으로 생각된다. 또한 여자 환자들이 남자 환자들보다 자기만입에 더 취약한 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 정신분열 병 환자의 이해와 치료를 위하여 자기만입에 관한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. objective : This study was conducted to identify demographic variables and illness related variables which may affect the severity of self-engulfment in the patients with schizophrenia. We also studied the relationship between self-engulfment and insight, and the relationship between self-engulfment and self-esteem. Methods : Data on demographic variables and illness related variables for the subjects were gathered from hospital records and clinical interviews by the psychiatrists. Degree of insight for the subjects was assessed through clinical interviews by the psychiatrists. Degree of self-engulfment and self-esteem for the subjects was assessed from the self-engulfment scale and the self-esteem scale respectively. A total of 111 patients with schizophrenia were selected for statistical analysis. Results 1) The females exhibited significantly higher scores than the males on the self-engulfment scale. 2) There was no illness related variable, which exhibited a significant difference among subgroups on the self-engulfment scale. 3) There was no significant correlation between the self-engulfment scores and the insight 4) There was a significantly inverse correlation between the self-engulfment scores and the self-esteem scores. Conclusion : The results of this preliminary study suggest that self-engulfment may develop despite lack of insight and that there was inverse relationship between self-engulfment and self-esteem in the patients with schizophrenia. It also suggests that females are more subject to self-engulfment than males. So, authors suggest that it is valuable to do further studies of self-engulfment in the patients with schizophrenia.