영화 <이끼>에 나타난 이영지의 권력 획득 과정과 그 의미

권도영(Kwon, Do-Young) 서사와문학치료연구소 2010 영화와문학치료 Vol.4 No.-

영화 <이끼>는 웹사이트에 연재되었던 만화를 영화화한 것이다. 영화에서는 이영지라는 인물에 좀 더 주목하여 원작 만화에는 없던 장면을 추가함으로써 반전의 효과를 높이고자 하였다. 이와 같이 원작에 비해 달라진 결말에 대해서 여러 견해들이 있는데, 감독의 의도가 어찌되었든 달라진 이야 기에서 읽어낼 수 있는 의미를 밝혀서 그것이 우리 삶에 어떤 영향을 줄 수 있는 것인지를 차분히 생각해 볼 수 있어야 할 것이다. 이를 위해 우선 원작과 영화의 차이를 분석해 보고자 하였다. 이때 ‘권력’을 핵심어로 하였는데 그 이유는 논의의 초점이 된 이영지가 원작과 영화에서 결정적으로 달라지는 지점이 권력 획득의 유무를 기준으로 하여 드러나기 때문이다. 따라서 이 글에서는 이영지라는 인물이 권력을 갖추게 되는 과정을 원작과 비교하고, 이를 토대로 하여 영화 <이끼>에서 드러나는 권력이 갖는 의미를 밝혀 보고자 하였다. 이에 영화와 원작의 줄거리를 모두 정리하고 이를 비교하면서 이영지의 행위나 태도가 달라진 부분과 그 양상을 살펴본 결과 원작의 이영지는 조력자의 역할에 불과한 반면 영화의 이영지는 스스로 주도하여 계획을 실행한 결과 권력을 얻은 주체가 되었다는 점을 밝힐 수 있었다. 이것은 영화의 마지막 장면을 통해서 드러난다. 마을에서 절대 권력을 행사하던 이장이 자신의 비리가 세상에 드러나게 되자 스스로 목숨을 끊었고, 이후에 마을에는 새로운 세상이 만들어지게 되었다. 이때 새로 들어선 마을의 지도자가 이영지가 된다는 설정에서 결국 이영지가 새로운 권력의 주체로 떠오르면서 영화가 마무리되는 것이다. 그런데 이때 영화에서 이영지가 획득한 권력이라는 것은 일차적으로는 이영지라는 인물이 갖는 특수성에서 문제를 갖는 것이고, 이차적으로는 이영지에 의해 마련된 권력을 받아들이는 입장에서 제기된다. 이영지는 마을 남자들의 성적 대상이 되어 살아가고 있었는데 이는 이영지가 믿고 따르던 구원의 대상인 류목형의 허망한 삶과, 자신을 농락하고 폭력적으로 지배해온 천용덕에 대해 복수하기 위해 계획적으로 선택한 삶이었다. 그러나 이것이 복수를 넘어선 구원으로 나아가지 못한 것이라는 점에서 문제가 되는 것이 다. 또한 끈질긴 복수를 통해 결국 모든 권력 관계를 뒤엎고 새로운 권력을 생성하는 모습으로 나타남으로써 권력의 부정적인 속성을 드러내는 것이라고 하겠다. 이와 같은 분석 결과를 토대로 했을 때, 영화 <이끼>는 문제를 해결하거나 건강성을 회복하는 이야기와는 거리가 먼 이야기라고 할 것이다. 굳이 마을에서 유일한 여성이었던 영지를 새로운 주체로 내세우고자 했다면 그녀가 이루는 긍정적인 구원을 이루는 방향으로 나아갈 가능성도 충분히 있었던 것이다. 하지만 이러한 이야기를 분석하여, 우선 그것이 갖는 문제점과 의미를 정확하게 파악하고 이해함으로써 문제적 서사라는 점을 인식하는 것은 그 반대편에 있는 건강한 이야기를 찾는 초석이 될 수 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 할 것이다. The movie <Moss> is the film organized from a cartoon work serialized on wet site. The movie focuses the character of Lee, Young-Ji more than her in original cartoon work. So the movie added some new scenes to increase the movie"s reverse effect. Concerning the movie"s different ending from the original cartoon work, there are many assumptions. Whatever the movie director"s intention was, we need to identify the different ending"s meaning and to think over what influences it may affect on our lives. For this purpose, I first tried to analyze the movie"s differences from the original work. At analyzing the both works, I set the "power" as the key word. Lee Young-Ji was the target of this study"s discussion, and she decisively changes at the point when she acquire the power. Therefore, this study compares the original work with the movie about the character of Lee Young-Ji"s power possessing way. And based on it, this study tried to identify the power"s meaning in the movie <Moss>. Summarizing and comparing the movie"s synopsis with the original"s, I intensively focused on Lee Young-Ji"s usual behaviors, attitudes and changing parts in them. As the result of investigating her changes, I could find that Lee Young-Ji in the original cartoon work was an assistant, but in the movie, she became the leader getting the power resulting from having led to execute her plan. It is revealed in the final scene of the movie. The village chief had exercised absolute power in the village but he killed himself when his illegal acts were revealed. After his suicide, a new world was created in the village. The movie ends with informing the fact that Lee, Yoing-Ji eventually emerged as a new power"s leader by being the village"s leader. But the power which Lee, Young-Ji acquired was primarily problematic from the terms of her unique condition. Secondarily the power was problematic concerning her attitude accepting the power by set herself. In the village, she had suffered as a sexual partner for the village men. But her miserable life was planned and selected by herself for revenging against Chun, Yong-Duck, the village chief having making her such miserable life and Ryu, Mok-Hyung"s unreal life and death. But the fact that her power"s acquisition didn"t go into the salvation beyond a revenge became a problem. Also the new power"s creation after upsetting all power relationships via a persistent revenge reveals the power"s negative aspect. Based on this analyzing result, the movie <Moss> may not be a story solving problems or recovering moral health. If the movie"s director tried to make Young-Ji, only women in the village as the new leader, he should have had enough possibility to develop the story"s direction for positive salvation which she wanted to achieve. But the movie is meaningful in that we understand its story"s problems and meanings, get aware of the movie as a problematic epic through its analysis, so the movie can be a cornerstone for searching healthy stories from its opposite side.

Comparison of trophic factors changes in the hippocampal CA1 region between the young and adult gerbil induced by transient cerebral ischemia.

Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8

<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>

AN IN-SITU YOUNG'S MODULUS MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS USING TIME-FREQUENCY ANALYSIS

Choi, Young-Chul,Yoon, Doo-Byung,Park, Jin-Ho,Kwon, Hyun-Sang Korean Nuclear Society 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.3

Elastic wave is one of the most useful tools for non-destructive tests in nuclear power plants. Since the elastic properties are indispensable for analyzing the behaviors of elastic waves, they should be predetermined within an acceptable accuracy. Nuclear power plants are exposed to harsh environmental conditions and hence the structures are degraded. It means that the Young's modulus becomes unreliable and in-situ measurement of Young's modulus is required from an engineering point of view. Young's modulus is estimated from the group velocity of propagating waves. Because the flexural wave of a plate is inherently dispersive, the group velocity is not clearly evaluated in temporal signal analysis. In order to overcome such ambiguity in estimation of group velocity, Wigner-Ville distribution as the time-frequency analysis technique was proposed and utilized. To verify the proposed method, experiments for steel and acryl plates were performed with accelerometers. The results show good estimation of the Young's modulus of two plates.

Study on the Elastic Characteristics of Living Cells using Atomic Force Microscope Indentation Technique

Kwon Eun-Young,Kim Young-Tae,Kim Dae-Eun Korean Tribology Society 2006 KSTLE International Journal Vol.7 No.1

In this work, imaging and study of elastic property of the living cell was performed. The motivation of this work was to seek the possibility of exploiting Young's modulus as a disease indicator using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and also to gain fundamental understanding of cell mechanics for applications in medical nanorobots of the future. L-929 fibroblast adherent cell was used as the sample. Imaging condition in cell culturing media environment was done in very low speed ($20{\mu}m/ s$) compared to that in the ambient environment. For measuring the Young's modulus of the living cell, AFM indentation method was used. From the force-distance curve obtained from the indentation experiment the Young's modulus could be derived using the Hertz model. The Young's modulus of living L-929 fibroblast cell was $1.29{\pm}0.2$ kPa.

Study on the Elastic Characteristics of Living Cells using Atomic Force Microscope Indentation Technique

Eun-Young Kwon,Young-Tae Kim,Dae-Eun Kim 한국트라이볼로지학회 2006 KSTLE International Journal Vol.7 No.1

In this work, imaging and study of elastic property of the living cell was performed. The motivation of this work was to seek the possibility of exploiting Young’s modulus as a disease indicator using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and also to gain fundamental understanding of cell mechanics for applications in medical nanorobots of the future. L-929 fibroblast adherent cell was used as the sample. Imaging condition in cell culturing media environment was done in very low speed (20 μm/s) compared to that in the ambient environment. For measuring the Young’s modulus of the living cell, AFM indentation method was used. From the force-distance curve obtained from the indentation experiment the Young’s modulus could be derived using the Hertz model. The Young’s modulus of living L-929 fibroblast cell was 1.29 ± 0.2 kPa.

젊은 성인에서 흡연에 의한 상완동맥 내피기능의 부전에 관한 연구

이상철,권영주,방덕원,이선해,이보영,김지욱,김영훈,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2002 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.8 No.1

Background and Objectives : Cigarette smoking is a major factor and the most modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis, before the structural change of the systemic arteries. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction might be present in the systemic arteries of young adult smokers and that this might be dose-dependent phenomenon. Therefore, we try to certify that smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults without other risk factor of atherosclerosis. Subjects and Methods : we studied noninvasively 29 subjects aged 3 to 4 decades without other risk factor of atherosclerosis, they were composed of the two groups, current smokers(n=15) and nonsmokers(n=14). Smoking history varied from 3 to 20 pack years. Using high-resolution ultrasound, vessel diameter and mean flow rate were measured at rest, during reactive hyperemia(with flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation), and after sublingual nitroglycerin(NG-induced endothelium-independent vasodilation). Result : Flow mediated endothelium dependent dilation was observed in the control subjects (9.4±3.44%) but was impaired in the smokers(5.8±2.51%)(p=0.004). NG-induced endothelium independent dilation is no difference in all subjects. Conclusion : Cigarette smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults.

AFM indentation 기법을 이용한 세포의 탄성특성에 관한 연구

권은영(Eun-Young Kwon),김영태(Young-Tae Kim),김대은(Dae-Eun Kim) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2006 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.2006 No.6

In this work, imaging and investigation of elastic property of the living cell was performed. The motivation of this work was to seek the possibility of exploiting Young's modulus as a disease indicator using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and also to gain fundamental understanding of cell mechanics for applications in medical nanorobots of the future. L-929 fibroblast adherent cell was used as the sample. Imaging condition in cell culturing media environment was done in very low speed(20 ㎛/s) compare to that in ambient environment. For measuring the Young's modulus of the living cell, AFM indentation method was used. From the force-distance curve obtained from the indentation experiment the Young's modulus could be derived using the Hertz model. The Young's modulus of living L-929 fibroblast cell was 1.29 ± 0.2 kPa.

인체 공중 동작 시뮬레이션 프로그램 개발

성낙준,권영후 한국운동역학회 1994 한국운동역학회지 Vol.4 No.2

A comprehensive simulation software package was developed in C base on the work done by Yeadon et al.(1990) and Kwon (1993a) in the aim of making it easy to apply the experimental simulation technigues to the human airborne movement studies. This package consists of 3 programs: simulation variable computation program (PREP), simulation program (SIM) and the 3-dimensional graphic program (3DMAN). All programs are driven by an easy-to-use menu system and written compatible to KWON3D Motion Analysis Package Version 2.1 (Kwon, 1993b). Program PREP consists of 4 menus: `Edit Data´, `Prepare´ `Angular Momentum´ and `Optimization´. The `Edit Data´ environment is an editor for the lengths of the segments and body lines. The `Prepare´ menu computes the internal orientation angles of the segments while the `Angular Momentum´ menu computes the mean airborne angular momentum of the body and other initial conditions such as the initial position and velocity of the body CM and the initial external orientation of the body. The `Optimization´ menu performs angular momentum optimization proposed by Kwon (1993a). A geometric 15-segment body model - Yeadon-Kwon model (Kwon, 1993b) - with at most 38 degrees of freedom including 3 external orientation angles (somersault, inclination and twist angles) was employed to compute the simulation variables. SIM consists of 2 menus: `Edit Angles´ and `Simulate´. The `Edit Angles´ environment is an editor for the internal orientation angles of the segments. Users can intentionally manipulate the internal orientation angles for the simulation of modified trials. The program displays time-angle curves segment by segment. The `Simulate´ menu actually performs simulation. The initial conditions can be directly manipulated in the program menu environment. The simulation program was tested by several theoretical configurations to screen out the flaws in the theory and to isolate coding mistakes. The simulated results were compared with the predicted results and the program showed good agreements between the simulated results and the theoretical predictions. The simulation program was then applied to several gymnastic maneuvers and springboard dives for testing. 3DMAN was developed in the extension of the traditional `Stick Figure´ graphics. The program is segment-oriented and the 3-D shape of each segment is defined defined independently in a graphic model file to allow the users to use different body models with different, combinations of segments. The model file was designed easy to edit so as to allow the users to change the graphic model easily to meet their specific needs. The graphic model file can be edited using any text editor such as `EDIT´ of DOS. Once the `3-D Graphics´ option is activated followed by the registration of the graphic model files, the program draws the 3-D shapes of the segments whose model files are registered. All the graphics-related menus including registration of the segment graphic model files are accessible within the graphic environment.

A Case of Urethral Stent for Recurrent Urethral Stricture and Penile Prosthesis for Erectile Dysfunction

Jung, Gyung-Woo,Song, Young-Jin,Park, Young-Ho,Kwon, Heon-Young,Yoon, Jin-Han 동아대학교의과대학 1992 동아의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1

Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea