Elderly kidney transplant recipients have favorable outcomes but increased infection-related mortality

임정훈,Lee Ga Young,Jeon Yena,Jung Hee-Yeon,Choi Ji Young,CHO, JANG-HEE,Park Sun Hee,김용림,Kim Hyung-Kee,Huh Seung,유은상,Won Dong Il,Kim Chan-Duck 대한신장학회 2022 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.3

Background: The number of elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease has been increasing, but the outcomes of kidney transplants (KT) remain poorly understood in elderly patients. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of elderly KT recipients and analyzed the impact of elderly donors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent KT between 2000 and 2019. KT recipients were divided into four groups according to a combination of recipient and donor age (≥60 or <60 years); elderly recipients: old-to-old (n = 46) and young-to-old (n = 83); young recipients: old-to-young (n = 98) and young-to-young (n = 796). We compared the risks of mortality, graft failure, and acute rejection between groups using Cox regression analysis. Results: The incidence of delayed graft function, graft failure, and acute rejection was not different among groups. Annual mean tacrolimus trough level was not lower in elderly recipients than young recipients during 10-year follow-up. Mortality was significantly higher in elderly recipients (p = 0.001), particularly infection-related mortality (p < 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, old-toold and young-to-old groups had increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14– 7.32; p = 0.03; aHR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.51–6.20; p = 0.002). However, graft failure and acute rejection risks were not increased in elderly recipients. Conclusion: In elderly recipients, graft survival and acute rejection-free survival were not inferior to those of young recipients. However, mortality, especially risk of infection-related death, was increased in elderly recipients. Thus, low immunosuppression intensity might help decrease mortality in elderly recipients.

개 대뇌겉질에서 Platelet-Derived Growth Factor α-Receptor의 출생 후 발달에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

윤영,안병수,김인정,양경철,박선홍,김기훈,박도영,김장만,문정석,장인엽,조하영 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.1

Background and Objectives : The localization of platelet-derived growth factor-α receptor (PDGF-α R) was commonly restricted to oligodendrocyte progenitors during late embryonic and postnatal development. However, several studies recently demonstrated that mature neurons could also synthesize PDGF-α, Materials and Methods : In the present study, to analyze the distributional pattern of PDGF-αR during postnatal development of the canine cerebral cortex, we used immunohistochemistry on sections of canine brain tissue. Results : We found that neurons of various regions of cerebral cortex exhibited the immunoreactivity to PDGF-αR as early as postnatal day 0, and slightly decreased after postnatal day 14. Whereas neuronal PDGF-αR were maintained at all ages, the oligodendroglia-like expression of PDGF-αR could not be confirmed. Conclusion : The localization of PDGF-αR in immature and mature neurons supports the several roles of PDGF during development, protection and survival of neurons.

공황장애 집단인지행동치료의 12개월 추적 연구

최영희,박기환,우영재,윤혜영 한국정신신체의학회 2003 정신신체의학 Vol.11 No.2

『천의소감(闡義昭鑑)』에 대한 서지적(書誌的) 연구

임기영 ( Kee Young Lim ) 경북대학교 영남문화연구원 2011 嶺南學 Vol.0 No.19

조선 후기 당쟁서를 언급할 때 빠뜨릴 수 없는 자료 중의 하나가 『闡義昭鑑』과 『戡亂錄』 및 『明義錄』의 간행이다. 이러한 저술들은 한결같이 내적 분쟁의 혼란 속에 이루어졌고, 따라서 그 출판의 동기도 대등소이하다. 그 중 특히, 『闡義昭鑑』은 영조의 집권 중반에 중앙의 집권층에서 반대 세력을 다스리고, 집권층의 대의명분을 표명하기 위한 임금과 중앙 관료들이 이루어낸 의도적인 출판의 결과물이다. 이 연구는 이처럼 영조대에 이루어진 『闡義昭鑑』의 편찬과 간행 과정, 그리고 후속 작업으로 의궤의 작성까지 이어진 조선 후기 관찬서의 출판 과정을 서지적 관점에서 다루었다. 그리고 무엇보다 이러한 자료의 출판이 이루어지기까지 당시 임금과 중앙 관료들의 구체적인 업무 논의, 진행 절차와 과정을 사료와 관련 기록을 토대로 소급하여 살펴보고자 하였다. 이러한 검토 작업은 18세기 중엽 임금 주도로 추진된 관찬서의 간행 과정을 정리하고, 그 구체적인 모습을 재구성하여 본다는 측면에서 의미가 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study dealt with the book 『CheonEuSoGam(闡義昭鑑)』 which is related Party strife book in the late period of Chosun Dynasty. 『CheonEuSoGam(闡義昭鑑)』, 『Gamranrok(戡亂錄)』 and 『Myungeurok(明義錄)』is representative book which related with political party strike in 18th. Especially 『CheonEuSoGam(闡義昭鑑)』 is published with the aim of suppression to opposition party and representation of judification in ruling party, including King Young-jo(英祖) So this study is focused at the process of compilation and publication details with 『CheonEuSoGam(闡義昭鑑)』. Besides, we examined the publication of Korean annotation version and the completion of Eugye(儀軌) to that book. Chansoochung-Eugye(纂修廳儀軌) reveals the participants and pay of the people, and the list of articles used with the publication, that is paper, brush, ink stick, desk, stool, beeswax, etc. Therefore the Chansoochung-Eugye(纂修廳儀軌) is the most important material that notify the related factor of 『CheonEuSoGam(闡義昭鑑)』. To achieve this, we tried to investigate detail discussion between King Young-jo(英祖) and central courtier, publication progress and stage, every other process related with the publication of 『CheonEuSoGam(闡義昭鑑)』 This kind of examination in our study allows us to arrange the process of book publication at central government of late period in Chosun Dynasty. Also it helps the composition of actual proceedings in book publication at that times.

미숙아에서 경구 포도당액, EMLA^(R)크림, 노리개 젖꼭지(pacifiers)의 통증 감소 효과에 대한 비교

윤영훈,노영일,김은영,박상기 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.2

Background and Objectives : We compared the pain reducing effect of orally administered glucose with that of EMLA cream and pacifiers during venipuncture in preterm infants. Material and Method : Twenty two preterm infants were included for this study. We performed four methods in al1 preterm infants. First, control group, second, received EMLA cream on the skin, third, received 30% glucose orally administered, and fourth, received pacifiers. Symptoms associated with pain at venipuncture were measured with the Premature Infants Pain Profile (PIPP) scale. Result : Among the subjects, 14 (63.6%) was male, 8 (36.4%) was female. The distribution of gestational age was as follows ; gestational age 30~34 was 2, 32333 was 2, 34-35 was 10, 36-37 was 8. The comparison of PIPP score between groups was as follows : control group was 12.73±2.45, EMLA group was 10. 05±3.59, 30% glucose group was 6.45±2.06, pacifiers group was 9.18±2.32 (P<0.001). The percentage of patients with PIPP score above 12 was as follows : control group was 68.5%, EMLA group was 31.8%, 30% glucose group was 0%, pacifiers group was 14.5%. The mean heart rate change between before and after venipuncture was as follows : control group was 22.32±4.09, EMLA group was 31.91±3.53, 30% glucose group was 7.00±4.14, pacifiers group was 9.36±2.15. Conclusion : Our study supports the use of oral glucose, EMLA, and pacifers is the effective intervention at venipuncture in preterm infants. The most effective method was oral glucose. 목 적 : 미숙아에서 포도당의 경구 투여, 국소 마취 크림인 EMLA^(R)와 노리개 젖꼭지의 통증 감소 효과를 비교하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2003년 3월부터 8월까지 조선대학교 병원 신생아실에 입원한 재태연령 37주 미만의 미숙아를 대상으로 4가지 방법으로 통증 감소를 측정하였다. 제 1 군(대조군)은 아무것도 투여하지 않은 군, 제 2군은 EMLA^(R) 크림을 바른 군, 제 3군은 30% 포도당액을 먹인 군, 마지막 제 4군은 노리개 젖꼭지를 물린 군으 로 나누어서 통증을 감소를 비교하였다. 통증의 평가는 PIPP 점수와 최고 심장 박동수의 변화를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 1. PIPP 접수 비교 대상아이의 PIPP 점수를 보면 대조군 12.73±2.45, EMLA^(R) 크림군 10.05±3.59, 30% 포도당군 6.45♀2.06, 노리개 젖꼭지군이 9.18±2.32로 대조군에 비해서 다른 군들이 유의하게 낮았다(모두, P<0.001). 30% 포도당군이 EMLA^(R) 크림군의 PIPP 접수에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며 (P<0.05), 노리개 젖꼭지군의 PIPP 점수에 비해서도 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 2. 통증을 느끼는 PIPP 6점 이상 비율의 비교 통증을 느끼는 PIPP 6점 이상의 비율을 비교하면 대조군 100% (22명), EMLA^(R) 크림군 86% (19명), 30% 포도당군 50% (11명), 노리개 젖꼭지군은 90% (20명) 으로 30% 포도당군에서 가장 낮았다. 3. 심한 통증을 느끼는 PIPP 12점 이상 비율 비교 심한 통증을 느끼는 PIPP 12점 이상의 비율을 비교하면 대조군 68.6% (15명), EMLA^(R) 크림군 31.8% (7명), 30% 포도당군 0% (0명), 노리개 젖꼭지군은 14.5% (1명) 으로 30% 포도당군이 가장 낮았다. 4. 최고 심장 박동수의 변화 비교 최고 심장 박동수의 증가를 비교하면 대조군 22.32±4.09, EMLA^(R) 크림군 13.91±3.53, 30% 포도당군 7.00±4.14, 노리개 젖꼭지군이 9.36±2.15로 대조군에 비해서 다른 군들이 유의하게 낮은 증가를 보였다(모두, P<0.001). 30% 포도당군의 최고 심장 박동수의 증가가 EMLA^(R) 크림군에 비해 유의하게 낮았으나(P<0.001), 노리개 젖꼭지군과 비교하면 두 군간의 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 결 론 : 미숙아에서 통증의 감소에 EMLA^(R) 크림, 포도당액의 경구 투여, 노리개 젖꼭지가 효과가 있었으며, 포도당액의 경구 투여의 경우에는 빠른 시간에 효과가 나타나서, 이용이 용이할 것 같다.

생활체육참여자의 여가활동 유형이 생활만족에 미치는 영향

김의영,김의영,김영숙,윤대중,이병기 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 2002 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.12 No.1

This research is designed to make a comparative analysis of the types of leisure activities and the degree of and life satisfaction by demographic background variable and to present basic materials necessary for the development of programs for local policies on leisure in accordance with the local autonomous system with a view to determining the relationship between life satisfaction by type of leisure activity. The following are the findings. First, the survey failed to test a statistically significant difference between family member's mutual satisfaction, or the subordinate variable of age, job and health and general life satisfaction, or the subordinate variable of income. But there was a statistically significant difference in life satisfaction by gender, age, education, job, income and health at a level of 1 percent. Second, the survey on the influences of the types of leisure activities on leisure satisfaction and life satisfaction revealed that there was a statistically significant influences in all the subordinate variables of and life satisfaction.

상아질에 대한 자가 산부식 접착제의 전단결합강도와 SEM 분석 비교

조영곤,노기선,김수미,이영곤,정진호,기영재 大韓齒科保存學會 2003 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.28 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength and interfacial pattern of composite bonded to dentin using self-etching adhesive systems. Sixty extracted human molars with exposed occlusal dentin were divided into four groups and bonded with four adhesives and composites: Single Bond/Filtek Z 250(SB), Tyrian SPE-One-Step Plus/Aelitefil(TY), Prompt L-Lpop/Filtek Z 250(LP), and one-Up Bond F/Palfique Toughwell(OU). The results of this study were as follows; 1. Shear bond strength for OU was significantly lowet than that of other groups(p<0.05). No significant difference was founded among SB, TY, and LP. 2. Failure modes to dentin showed adhesive and mixed for SB, TY, and LP, but them for OUT showed adhesive in all spceimens. 3. Dentin-resin interface showed close adaptation for SB, TY, and LP, but it showed gap for OU. 4. The hybrid layers for TY, LP, OU were thinner than that of SB. Adhesive layers were observed between composite and hybrid layer, which were 5 ㎛ thick for TY and 10 ㎛ thick for OU.

부산지역 무균성 뇌막염 원인 바이러스의 분리 및 동정 : 1998년을 중심으로

김영희,정영기,김기순,지영미,윤재득,김병준,구평태,민상기,정구영,김만수,조경순 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

The incidence of aseptic meningitis infection is ensuing and threatening the health of children. Enteroviruses are the major agents of aseptic meningitis and identification of virus has been a clue to diagnosis and epidemiology. The outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred in Pusan, 1998. Patients were concentrated from April through November. Children were more susceptible than adults. Among 306 cases of specimens from stool, throat swab tested, only 7.2% were positive on virus isolation, 12 cases from stool and 10 from throat, respectively. All isolated 7 serotypes of viruses represented cytopathic effect on cultured cells. Three types of echovirus 6, 25, 30 and coxsackievirus B2, B3, B4, B6 were identified by neutralizing anti body test. Isolated coxsackievirus and echovirus were observed by an electron microscope with negative staining.

초등학생 입학 후 발생한 두통의 유병률과 임상적 특성

노영일,김은영,양은석,문경래,박상기,박영봉 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of the study was to determine prevalence and clinical features of the occurrence of childhood headache after the start of elementary school. Method : The survey was performed by a special questionnaire on 552 children in grade 1 (195 children) and grade 6 (357 children) at the three elementary schools from 1 to 31 August, 2002 in Gwangju city. We have analyzed the prevalence and the clinical features of headache of them. Result: The prevalence of headache in grade 6(49.0%) was statistically higher than grade 1(22.6%). The onset time of headache within 6 months in grade 1 (88.2%) was significantly higher than grade 6 (64.1 %). The frequency of headache is more often in grade 6. As for the timing of occurrence of headache, grade 1 student suffered from it after school (36.4%), grade 6 student suffered from it at school (30.9%). Children who suffered from severe headache can't live in the routine life were grade 1 20.5 % and grade 6 21.1 %, respectively. According to the duration of headache, there were within 1 hour grade 1 90.9%, grade 6 81.8%, respectively. Risk factors of headache were, in grade 1, fatigue (34.0%), stress (25.0%), weather change (18.2%), anxiety (11.4%), and others (11.4%). In grade 6, there were fatigue(44.3%), stress (34.0%), weather change(10.9%), others (5.7%) and anxiety (5.1%). Conclusion : Starting school represents a remarkable life event for children. Starting school results in significantly increasing prevalence of overall headache. 목적 : 입학 전에 비해 입학 후 두통의 증가률을 알아보고, 1학년의 두통의 임상적 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2002년 8월 1일부터 31일까지 광주시내 3개 초등학교 1학년과 6학년 학생 612명에게 설문지 (두통 에 대한 주요 설문지 내용 :부록)를 배부하여 그 중 작성이 불량한 60명을 제외한 552명 (1학년 195명, 6학년 357명)을 대상으로 두통의 유병률을 알아보았으며, 임상적 특징은 두통이 있는 학생 219명 (1학년 44명, 6학년 175명)을 대상으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 두통의 빈도는 1학년 44명 (22.6%), 6학년 175명 (49.0%)로 6학년에서 의의 있게 높았다(0.001). 두통의 초발 시기가 6개월 이상인 경우 1학년 11.8%, 6학년 35.9%이였으며, 6개월 미만인 경우는 1학년 88.2%, 6학년 64.1%로 입학 전보다 입학 후에 더 높았으며 6개월 미만의 초발 두통이 1학년에서 의의 있게 높았다(p=o. 03). 두통의 발생빈도는 6학년에서 통계학적으로 의의 있게 높았다(P=0. 03). 두통이 가장 자주 발생하는 시기는 1학년에서 학교 수업 후 (36.4%)이었고, 6학년에서는 학교 수업 중(30.9%)이었다. 학교나 일상 생활을 하기 힘들 정도의 두통은 각각 1학년에서 20.5%, 6학년에서 21.1%이었다. 두통의 지속시간은 1시간 이내인 경우가 각각 1학년 90.9%,6학년 81.8%이었다. 두통의 유별인자는 1학년에서 피로, 수면 부족이 34.0%로 가장 많았으며, 스트레스, 기후 변화, 불안, 기타 순이었고, 6학년은 피로 수면 부족 44.3%로 가장 많았으며, 스트레스 34.0%, 기후 변화, 기타, 불안 순이었다.

비강내 투여된 Midazolam의 용량에 따른 진정효과의 비교연구

김영광,김용기 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to assess the sedative effect and physiological parameter of two doses of intranasal midazolam in sedating young children for dental treatment. Twenty-five uncooperative children, mean age of 36.6 months, who needed at least two separate restorative visits, requiring local anesthesia participated in this study. The patients randomly received either 0.2㎎/㎏ or 0.3㎎/㎏ of midazolam intranasally, with the alternate regimen administered at the second appointment. All the children were restrained in a Papoose board and were monitored with Pulse oximeter for their heart rate and oxygen saturation. Degree of alertness, crying, and movement were evaluated at the start of treatment and the subsequent seven intervals throughout the procedure. Evaluation of overall behavior at each session was performed by one investigator, blind to the dose, using a separate rating scale. The reliability of ratings was assessed by two investigators using videotapes of the procedures. Statistical analysis showed no significantly different behavior (P>.05) between children receiving the two different doses. Successful sedation, as assessed by lack of or minimal crying and/or movement that interrupted treatment, was observed in most of the treatment visits with both doses (mean score 4.48±1.58 for 0.2㎎/㎏ and 4.40±1.38 for 0.3㎎/㎏). No adverse effect was observed, and most of treatments were successfully completed without difficulties.