연령대별 요추 추간판탈출증 환자의 요근과 척추주위근 단면적에 대한 분석

공덕현 ( Deok Hyun Kong ),배광호 ( Kwang Ho Bae ),고호연 ( Ho Yeon Go ),강명진 ( Myung Jin Kang ),김준수 ( Jun Su Kim ),양기영 ( Kee Young Yang ),이재훈 ( Jae Hoon Lee ),은영준 ( Young Jun Eun ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objectives :This study was designed to evaluate the correlation of the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis(iliocostalis lumborum, multifidus, longissimus thoracis parts lumborum) and psoas muscle and sex, age, change of the VAS(visual analogue scale) and past history of chronic low back pain in patients suffering from HIVD(herniation of intervertebral disc). Methods :Medical records of 140 subjects with HIVD were retrospectively reviewed. The MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) findings on the patients were scanned and analyzed by PiView program to find the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and were evaluated by the correlation of sex, age, change of the VAS, and past history of chronic low back pain. Results :There was significant difference between groups in male and female, young-adults age and middle age, middle age and old age, young-adults age and old age. But the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and past history of chronic low back pain were partially significant. On the other hand, the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and change of the VAS were not significant. Conclusions :These results suggest that the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis and psoas muscle have relevance to sex and age.

液狀燒結한 SiC系의 傳導性 複合體의 微細構造와 特性에 미치는 Boride의 影響

辛龍德(Yong-Deok Shin),朱陳榮(Jin-Young Ju),高台憲(Tae-Hun Ko) 대한전기학회 2007 전기학회논문지 Vol.56 No.9

The composites were fabricated. respectively, using 61[vol.%] SiC-39[vol.%] TiB₂ and using 61[vol.%] SiC-39[vol.%] ZrB₂ powders with the liquid forming additives of 12[wt%] Al₂O₃+ Y₂O₃ by hot pressing annealing at 1650 [℃] for 4 hours. Reactions between SiC and transition metal TiB₂. ZrB₂ were not observed in this microstructure. The result of phase analysis of composites by XRD revealed SiC(6H. 3C), TiB₂; ZrB₂ and YAG(Al?Y₃O₁₂) crystal phase on the Liquid-Phase-Sintered(LPS) SiC-TiB₂. and SiC-ZrB₂ composite. β→a-SiC phase transformation was occurred on the SiC-TiB₂ and SiC-ZrB₂ composite. The relative density, the flexural strength and Young's modulus showed the highest value of 98.57[%], 249.42[㎫] and 91.64[㎬] in SiC-ZrB₂ composite at room temperature respectively. The electrical resistivity showed the lowest value of 7.96×10?⁴[Ωㆍ㎝] for SiC-ZrB₂ composite at 25[℃], The electrical resistivity of the SiC-TiB₂ and SiC-ZrB₂ composite was all positive temperature coefficient resistance (PTCR) in the temperature ranges from 25[℃] to 700[℃]. The resistance temperature coefficient of composite showed the lowest value of 1.319×10?³/[℃] for SiC-ZrB₂ composite in the temperature ranges from l00[℃] to 300[℃]. Compositional design and optimization of processing parameters are key factors for controlling and improving the properties of SiC-based electroconductive ceramic composites.

자기 통전식 SiC 세라믹 발열체 개발을 위한 기초 특성 연구

신용덕(Yong-Deok Shin),고태헌(Tae-Hun Ko),주진영(Jin-Young Ju) 대한전기학회 2007 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.11

The composites were fabricated β-SiC and TiB₂ powders with the liquid forming additives of 8, 12, 16[wt%] Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ as a sintering aid by pressureless annealing at 1,650[℃] for 4 hours. Reactions between SiC and transition metal TiB₂ were not observed in the microstructure and the phase analysis of the pressureless annealed SiC-TiB₂ electroconductive ceramic composites. The relative density, the flexural strength, the Young's modulus and the Vicker's hardness showed the highest value of 82.29[%], 189.5[㎫], 54.60[㎬] and 2.84[㎬] for SiC-TiB₂ composites added with 16[wt%] Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ additives at room temperature. The relative density of SiC-TiB₂ composites was lowered due to gaseous products of the result of reaction between SiC and Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃. The electrical resistivity showed the lowest value of 0.012[Ω · ㎝] for 16[wt%] at 25[℃]. The electrical resistivity was all negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) in the temperature ranges from 25[℃] to 700[℃].

Comparison of Bird community in Urban and Non-Urban area at Young-San river

Jin, Seon-Deok,Bing, Gi-Chang,Park, Chi-Young,Yu, Jae-Pyung,Paik, In-Hwan,Paek, Woon-Kee,Lee, Doo-Pyo National Science Museum of Korea 2011 Journal of Korean nature Vol.4 No.3

This Study was carried out for the period from June 2003 until March 2005 aimed at comparing the characteristics of birds communities between non-urban district and urban district in the Yeongsan River basin, grasping the influence on the birds in the urban district basin, and ultimately exploring the method of preserving and managing the birds in a proper manner. The number of birds observed in this study recorded 83 species 19,322 individuals in total where the number of species were 73 in non-urban district while 71 in urban district. For the number of individuals showing larger number in urban district, 7,409 were in non-urban district while 11,913 were in urban district. For the species diversity, urban district was 2.62 while non-urban district was 3.01 showing high degree in non-urban district. For the number of individuals by bird group, Herons and Ducks were higher in the Site 6 (urban)/Site 7 (urban) while Raptors were higher in the Site 3 (non-urban) and Site 8 (urban), and Shorebirds were higher in the Site 3 (non-urban). Forest birds were found the highest in the Site 1 (non-urban), while Others higher in the Site 1 (non-urban), Site 6 (urban), and Site 8 (urban). With regard to species composition by districts, those in non-urban district consisted of Forest birds (46.1 %), Ducks (43.4%), Herons (5.3%), Shorebirds (2.6%), Others (2.2%), and Raptors (0.4%) in order of high to low composition, while urban district consisted of Ducks (75.5%), Forest birds (16.1%), Herons (5.3%), Others (2.2%), Shorebirds (0.7%), and Raptors (0.2%) in the afore-mentioned order. In result, a great difference was shown between non-urban district and urban district in the Yeongsan River basin. Accordingly when implementing environmental improvement in urban district, it is deemed necessary to do it taking the inhabiting environment of non-urban district into account in order for a stable maintenance, preservation, and management of the birds communities.

常壓燒結한 SiC-ZrB₂ 電導性 複合體의 特性에 미치는 In Situ YAG의 影響

辛龍德(Yong-Deok Shin),朱陣榮(Jin-Young Ju),高台憲(Tae-Hun Ko),李政勳(Jung-Hoon Lee) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 Vol.57 No.11

The effect of content of Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ sintering additives on the densification behavior, mechanical and electrical properties of the pressureless-sintered SiC-ZrB₂ electroconductive ceramic composites was investigated. The SiC-ZrB₂ electroconductive ceramic composites were pressurless-sintered for 2 hours at 1,700[℃] temperatures with an addition of Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃(6 : 4 mixture of Al₂O₃ and Y₂O₃) as a sintering aid in the range of 8 ~ 20[wt%]. Phase analysis of SiC-ZrB₂ composites by XRD revealed mostly of α-SiC(6H), ZrB₂ and In Situ YAG(A1?Y₃O₁₂). The relative density, flexural strength, Young's modulus and vicker's hardness showed the highest value of 89.02[%], 81.58[㎫], 31.44[㎬] and l.34[㎬] for SiC-ZrB₂ composites added with 16[wt%] Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ additives at room temperature respectively. Abnormal grain growth takes place during phase transformation from β-SiC into α-SiC was correlated with In Situ YAG phase by reaction between Al₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ additive during sintering. The electrical resistivity showed the lowest value of 3.14×10?²Ωㆍ㎝ for SiC-ZrB₂ composite added with 16[wt%] Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ additives at 700[℃]. The electrical resistivity of the SiC-TiB₂ and SiC-ZrB₂ composite was all negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) in the temperature ranges from room temperature to 700[℃]. Compositional design and optimization of processing parameters are key factors for controlling and improving the properties of SiC-based electroconductive ceramic composites.

무가압 어닐드한 SiC-TiB₂ 전도성 복합체의 특성에 미치는 In Situ YAG의 영향

辛龍德(Yong-Deok Shin),朱陳榮(Jin-Young Ju),高台憲(Tae-Hun Ko) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 Vol.57 No.5

The composites were fabricated 61[vol.%] β-SiC and 39[vol.%] TiB₂ powders with the liquid forming additives of 8, 12, 16[wt%] Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ as a sintering aid by pressureless annealing at 1650[℃] for 4 hours. The present study investigated the influence of the content of Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ sintering additives on the microstructure, mechanical and electrical properties of the pressureless annealed SiC-TiB₂ electroconductive ceramic composites. Reactions between SiC and transition metal TiB₂ were not observed in the microstructure and the phase analysis of the pressureless annealed SiC-TiB₂ electroconductive ceramic composites. Phase analysis of SiC-TiB₂ composites by XRD revealed mostly of α -SiC(6H), β-SiC(3C), TiB₂, and In Situ YAG(Al?Y₃O₁₂). The relative density of SiC-TiB₂ composites was lowered due to gaseous products of the result of reaction between SiC and Al₂O₃+ Y₂O₃. There is another reason which pressureless annealed temperature 1650[℃] is lower 300-450[℃] than applied pressure sintering temperature 1950-2100[℃]. The relative density, the flexural strength, the Young's modulus and the Vicker's hardness showed the highest value of 82.29[%], 189.5[Mpa], 54.60[Gpa] and 2.84[Gpa] for SiC-TiB₂ composites added with 16[wt%] Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ additives at room temperature. Abnormal grain growth takes place during phase transformation from β-SiC into α-SiC was correlated with In Situ YAG phase by reaction between Al₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ additive during sintering. The electrical resistivity showed the lowest value of 0.0117[Ω. ㎝] for 16[wt%] Al₂O₃+Y₂O₃ additives at 25[℃]. The electrical resistivity was all negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) in the temperature ranges from 25℃ to 700[℃]. The resistance temperature coefficient of composite showed the lowest value of -2.3×10?³[℃]?¹ for 16[wt%] additives in the temperature ranges from 25[℃] to 100[℃].

씨름선수에서 체중 감량과 회복기의 Leptin과 PAI-1 변화

김용운,도경오,권태동,박덕일,장응찬,박소영,김종연,이석강 대한스포츠의학회 2000 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Obesity which is defined as accumulation of excess body fat, is central factor of insulin resistance syndrome. Recently, it is revealed tat adipose tissue is not simply an energy storage organ but it also secretes a variety of molecules which affect the metabolism of the whole body, those are leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1). Therefore, leptin and PAI-1 are increased in the obese state. Leptin regulates energy homeostasis and satiety and PAI-1 regulates fibrinolytic system. For these reasons, elevated levels of leptin and PAI-1 are considered as link factors between obesity and insulin resistance syndrome. However, the exact regulating mechanism for serum levels of leptin and PAI-1 is not fully understood yet. In this study, to evaluate the regulating mechanisms of serum levels of leptin and PAI-1 according to the weight changes, we measured leptin, PAI-1, physical, metabolic, and endocrine parameters during 10 days of weight reduction and 10 days of regain period in 7 young athletes. The mean body weight change was -4.7 kg(5.0%) in the weight reduction period and -2.4 kg(2.5%) in the weight regain period compared to baseline value. Baseline level of leptin in athletes was 1.7±0.66 ng/ml, which was significantly correlated with body weight, BMI, percent body fat, body fat mass, triglyceride, insulin, and PAI-1. Baseline level of PAI-1 in athletes was 16.6±5.26 ng/ml, which was significantly correlated with body weight, BMI, triglyceride, insulin, and leptin. Leptin was decreased to 0.7±0.39(44% of the basaline value) in the weight reduction period, and increased to 1.9±0.64(119% of the baseline value) in the regain period. PAI-1 was decreased to 7.4±2.72(44% of the basaline value) in the weight reduction period, and increased to 22.8±7.33(138% of the baseline value) in the regain period. The changes of leptin during weight reduction period were significantly correlated with the changes of insulin(r=0.890, P<0.01) and triglycerides(r=0.874, P<0.01). The changes of PAI-1 during weight reduction period were significantly correlated with the changes of FFA(r=0.889, P<0.01) and triglycerides(r=0.869, P<0.05). The changes of both leptin and AAI-1 during weight regain period were significantly correlated with the changes of insulin(r=0.755 and 0.849, P<0.05, respectively). In summary, these results suggest that serum levels of leptin and PAI-1 were affected by weight cycling, the percentages of change were more greater than that of weight change, and rebound phenomena were occurred during weight regain period.

Helicobacter pylori와 대장균의 Shuttle Vector 개발

조명제,이우곤,이상룡,김경희,안영숙,김성희,김현주,류복덕,최여정,윤영혜,백승철,전영석,이광호 경상대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 遺傳工學硏究所報 Vol.16 No.-

In this study, a vehicle vector using cryptic plasmids was constructed for gene transfer in Helicobacter pylori. pHP51(3.9 kb) and pHP489(1.2 kb) were selected for constructing vectors from cryptic plasmid of H. pylori isolates in Korea. The HindⅢ-digestedDNA fragment(1.2kb) of pHP489 and 1.6kb DNA fragment of pHP51 were ligated with a kanamycin resistance gene(aph3'-Ⅲ) from C. jejuni to produce the recombinant plasmids pHP489K and pHP51K, respectively. Transformation frequency of pHP51K by electroporation was low. But pHP489K could be effectively transformed into various H. pylori strains. In order to design an intermdiate vehicle vector for gene transfer into H. pylori, pBlueHP489K was prepared by recloning pHP489K DNA into pBluescript and pTZ19R vector. This vector permitted the DNA fragment containing pHP489 sequence, aph3'-Ⅲ, and cloned DNA to be cut and self-ligated in the SacⅠ site after cloning. ureA and ureB gene were inserted into pBlueHP489K, resulting in pBlueHP489K/AB. The DNA fragment containing pHP489, kanamycin resistance gene(aph3'-Ⅲ), and urease structural gene was cut away from pBlueHP489K/AB and self-ligated to generate pBlueHP489K/AB. pBlueHP489K/AB made urease-negative H. pylori strains restore their urease activity. By this experiment, pBlueHP489K was confirmed to be the vehicle system for transferring H. pylori genes.

WAP 2.0 기반의 무선인터넷 일정관리 시스템의 구현

이효영,이덕영,이상민 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2005 정보통신논문지 Vol.9 No.-

In recent years, telecommunication technologies have been developed rapidly. According to the change of life style, the demand on the wireless internet is increased. The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) 2.0 is an open, global specification that empowers mobile users with wireless devices(such as mobile phones) to easily access and interact with information and services on the Internet. In this study, a wired/wireless internet schedule management system is implemented to arrange the schedule effectively. This system supports access through different technologies, notably through a web interface and through a WAP 2.0 interface. Both systems share the database in the server computer. The implemented wireless system has graphic user interface and security as a benefit of WAP 2.0.

열하중을 받는 복합재료 적층판의 손상에 대한 열-음향방출해석

김영복,민대홍,이덕보,최낙삼 한국비파괴검사학회 2001 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.21 No.3

열-음향방출(thermo-AE) 기법을 이용하여 두께 3㎜, [+456/-456]S 복합재료 적층판의 열응력 유기 손상에 대해 비파괴평가의 유효성을 연구하였다. 반복적인 열부하 사이클에 의해서 thermo-AE 사상수가 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타나서 열부하에 따른 카이저효과가 관찰되었다. 열부하사이클중의 thermo-AE 거동을 분석하여 복합재료의 응력자유온도를 결정할 수 있었다. 초음파 C스캔, 광학현미경, 주사형 전자현미경을 통해 섬유파단과 모재파손이 관찰되었으며, 이들 파손 인자는 thermo-AE 신호의 단시간 퓨리에 변환처리에 의해 생성된 3종류의 서로 다른 시간-주파수 특성과 대응하였다. 이 특성을 이용하여 복합재료의 냉각열처리 및 반복 열부하사이클시의 손상발생과정 및 내부 마찰 거동 내역을 추적할 수 있었다.