STROKE의 결합관계를 SEMANTICS로 하는 문법에 의한 필기체 한글인식

윤병주,유재휘 명지대학교 공학기술연구소 1987 공학기술연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

Recently, hybrid and mixed pattern recognition methods have been suggested. Those methods extract merits of olds - syntactic method and statistical method - and expand boundary of classification. Here, we suggest another mixed pattern recognition method and apply it to handwritten Korean character recognition, where the joining state of consecutive strokes in a given region is defined as semantics. Adding semantic information to each production rule, we show that pattern recognition system is more flexible than olds.

燃料電池 發電 System의 開發에 關한 硏究

尹載殖,金元燮,金斗錫 全北大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

This paper describes the experimental results for a Development of Fuel cell which is connected to a Generator system as a power-source. The fuel-cell power system model used in our experiments is composed of 2kW (100V, 20A rating) alkalielectrolyte H_2-air fuel cell and DC-AC converter. We carried out many experiments under the condition that this fuel-cell power system as a power source was connected with a simulated distribution network. We obtained its static characteristics and transient characteristics when voltage fluctuation or short-circuit failure occurred in the distribution network. From these results, We have found that fuel-cell power system is able to apply to a distribution system. And also, this paper describes basic matters and problems for conceptional design about a feulcell power plant to practical use. We investigate as following factor : ㆍapply points of a fuel-cell power plant in electric power system. ㆍtarget rating of a fuel-cell power plant. ㆍsystem composition of fuel-cells and inverter. ㆍrequired operational performance of its power plant. ㆍestimation of H_2-gas production methods. ㆍtechnical study problems in future We believe firmly that this paper is very useful when the utility introduce a fuel-cell power plant as a power source in electric power system.

Filton과 활성탄에 의한 Emulsified Oil흡착에 관한 연구

오현제,고종희,정연규 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1987 논문집 Vol.19 No.2

This study is an experimental research to determine the adsorption capacity of emulsified oil of Filton(FA) in comparison with that of Activated Carbon(AC). Batch type study was conducted with varying the following factors; pH, temperature, adsorbent size, and dosage. The results are as follows. 1. Freundlich isotherms of emulsified oil were; q = ?? for FA and q = ?? for AC. 2. Adsorption capacity of FA was 18.4 mg of Oil/g of FA, while that of AC was 12.8mg of Oil/g of AC. 3. Above 50% of FA adsorption was occurred within 30 minutes of contact time, the equilibrium state was reached in three hours of contact time both FA and AC. 4. Removal efficiency of emulsified oil by adsorbents was increased with the smaller size of adsorbents, the larger amount of dosage, the higher temperature, and the lower value of pH.

인라인스케이트 트레이닝이 체력과 등속성 근력에 미치는 영향

김재윤,양정옥 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2006 自然科學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This study was intended to investigate the effects of inline skate training on fitness and isokinetic in adult males(experiment=7, control=7). For this purpose, the healthy males volunteers having no regular exercise training completed ten-weeks' inline skate training. The results were described as follows; 1) Inline skate training is promote fitness but not significantly. Especially, side-step test is increased (p<.05) significantly. 2) Inline skate training is effected extension strength than flexor strength. Especially, joint angle is increased(p<.05) significantly. In conclusion, it might be thought that inline skate training improved the levels of fitness and isokinetic in adult males. Thus, inline skate thought appropriate exercise program in adults.

野冬靑果가 實驗的 糖尿에 미치는 影響에 관한 免疫組織化學的 硏究

柳濟原,李學仁,金蓮燮 대한본초학회 1999 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

This experiment was performed into investigate the effect of Syzygii cumini Fructrs on the diabetic rats induced by STZ. Experimental diabetes was induced by 55㎎/㎏ of STZ. injection and administered Syzygii cumini Fructrs extract during 14days after STZ injection. Glucagon and insulin granules in Langerhans islets were stained by use of immunohistochemical method and observed the relative amount of the each granules in Langerhans islet by light microscope and image analysis ststem. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Area % of insulin granules in Langerhans islets in Syzygii cumini Fructrs raised and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 14th day. 2. Area % of glucagon granules in Langerhans islets in Syzygii cumini Fructrs decreased and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 7th and 14th day. To conclude, it can be inferred that Syzygii cumini Fructrs has a control effect on glucagon and insulin granules in Langerhans islets of diabetic rats induced by STZ.

대학 강의실 환경개선 후 평가(POE) 연구 : 강의실 리모델링을 중심으로

하미경,제해성,이경희,소윤경 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.10

According to the results from the evaluation, that was enforced by the Academic Affairs of Y University in the year 2002, the satisfaction level of interiors of classrooms appeared to be very low Only 11.6% of the respondents said that they felt comfortable in classroom environment The other 54.8% said that they were unsatisfied with the physical quality of classrooms at school In addition, students demanded a change in such items as lighting, air circulation, room temperature, worn out chairs and desks, and the size of the classrooms It is surprising to see that classrooms that have been built during the evolution of technology have created such a discomfort to students Therefore, creating a comfortable environment for all classrooms throughout the campus by applying a systematic approach that would meet students' needs is the purpose of research The results show that the project of remodeling has improved the quality of classrooms and increased the level of satisfaction on the overall classroom environment

만성 C형 간염 환자에서 페그인터페론 알파2a와 리바비린 병합 치료중 발생한 벨마비 1예

김일환,장제혁,유충헌,최규남,고정해,김윤정,서광원,김지현,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합요법은 만성 C형 간염의 일차 치료법이다. 저자들은 만성 C형 간염 환자에서 페그인터페론 과 리바비린 병합 요법 중에 발생한 벨마비 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 환자는 5년 전부터 만성 C형 간염을 앓아온 48세 남자이며, PEG-IFN α-2a 135μgm 피하주사 주1회와 하루 1200㎎의 리바비린을 투여하였다. 치료시작 후 9개월째 환자는 오른쪽 안면의 근력약화를 호소하였으며 벨마비로 진단되었다. 페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합요법을 지속하면서 관찰하였다. 환자의 벨마비는 페그인터페론 치료를 중단하지 않았음에도 3개월후 증상이 회복되고 이후 벨마비 재발 없이 현재 경과관찰 중이다. 만성 C형 간염에서 페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합 요법시 벨마비의 발생 가능성을 염두에 두어야 하겠다. A Case of Bell's Palsy Associated with Combination Therapy of Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a (PEG-IFN) and Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Pegylated interferon alfa(PEG-IFN α) and ribavirin therapy is the first line treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Mild complications of the therapy are common, but more serious complications are rare. We report here a case of Bell's palsy that occurred in a patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection during combination therapy of PEG-IFN α-2a and ribavirin. The patient was 49-year-old man with chronic hepatitis C (genotype 1b) for 8 years. He had compensated liver cirrhosis with splenomegaly. Therapy with PEG-IFN α- 2a 135mcg/week and ribavirin 1200mg/day was initiated. After 9 months of the therapy, the patient showed a loss of muscular tone on the right side of his face. A diagnosis of Bell's palsy was made. The Bell's palsy resolved over 3 months despite continuation of the combination therapy.

漢文科 敎師 任用考査問題 分析

申用浩,한연석,김석재 한국한문교육학회 2002 한문교육논집 Vol.19 No.-

1997년부터 2002년까지 실시된 한문과 임용고사문제를 분석한 결과 교과교육학과 교과내용학의 출제 비율은 28%와 72%로 교과교육학 분야를 20∼30% 출제해야한다는 요구조건을 충족하였다. 교과내용학 가운데 한자, 한자어 영역은 평균 12.4%가 출제되었다. 중고등학교 특히 중학교의 한문수업이 문장보다는 한자·한자어 학습 중심으로 이루어지고 있음을 감안한다면 출제 비중이 확대되어야 할 것이다. 아울러 字學분야의 심도 있는 평가문항 발굴이 필요하다. 운문과 산문의 출제 비율은 12.3%와 66.3%이었는데 앞으로 운문의 비중을 약간 상향조정하는 것이 바람직하다고 본다. 6차 고등학교 11종 교과서에 수록된 문장을 지문으로 출제한 것은 평균 45%에 달하였다. 2001년도에는 교과서 내에서 출제된 문제가 17점(24.2%)에 불과하였고 2002년도에는 47.2점(67.4%)으로 3배 가까이 급증하여 두 해 모두 평가의 일관성과 방향성 확보에 실패하였다고 할 수 있다. 교과서에 등재된 문장을 지문으로 채택함에 특정 교과서를 70% 넘게 반영한 해는 1997년(재능교육), 2001년(한샘), 2002년(천재교육)이었다. 2001학년도는 교과서 지문 반영이 70점 만점에 17점 밖에 되지 않아 그 영향력이 상대적으로 적다고 하겠다. 그러나 1997학년도와 2002학년도는 교과서에서 출제한 문항의 총점이 32점과 47.2점으로 당락에 상당한 영향을 끼칠 수 있는 점유율이었다. 1997년도와 2002년도의 지문 共有律은 31.4%와 13.2%로 1997년도가 2002년도에 비해 어느 정도 공정성을 확보하였다. 교과서 지문 共有律이 가장 높은 해는 1998년으로 37.5%이고 2002년도는 13.2%이다. 2002년도 임용고사 문제 가운데 교과서에서 채택한 지문은 거의 한곳의 교과서에서만 실려 있는 것을 摘出하였다는 것으로 위 교과서별 出題律과 함께 편파성, 공정성 문제로 비화될 수 있다. 2002학년도는 천재교육 출판의 교과서 지문 반영률 81.8%, 점수 반영률이 76.2%로 분석대상 기간 6년을 통틀어 11종 교과서 가운데 반영률이 가장 높았다. 임용고사에서 專功試驗이 當落에 미치는 影響은 크다. 경기도교육청의 2002학년도 임용고사를 표집집단으로 살펴본 결과 합격자의 전공 평균점은 100점 만점으로 67점, 교육학은 73점이었다. 합격자의 최고점, 최하점, 평균점도 모두 전공점수가 교육학 점수보다 낮아 전공 문제가 어렵게 출제되었음을 알 수 있다. 한편 경기도, 경상남도, 서울시교육청의 2002년도 한문과 임용고사 최하합격자의 득점도 모두 전체 선발과목 가운데 중간을 넘기지 못하였다. 이처럼 득점이 낮은 이유는 전공 시험문제의 難度가 다른 과목에 비해 높기 때문인 것으로 짐작된다. 따라서 전공시험 문제의 특정 교과서 편중 출제는 當落에 심각한 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 評價 問項의 지문의 적절성과 시대별 안배는 대체로 무난하였다. 하지만 2001년도는 지문의 양이 과다하였다. 5개 문항의 지문이 총 2200여 자에 달하였으며 특히 11번 문제의 지문은 700여 자에 달하였다. 2002년도는 실학과 여항문학에 치우쳐 시대별 안배가 소홀하였다. 출제문제의 적절성과 객관성을 제고하기 위해서 다음과 같이 제안하고자 한다. 출제 범위는 대학 한문교육과에서 공통으로 이수하는 과목을 고루 반영하고, 합격 하한선이 100점 만점에 60점 이상이 되도록 하며, 서술형문제 외에도 선택형 문항을 일부 채택하여 지적 수준을 다양하게 측정해야한다. 또한 교과서에 등재된 지문을 반영한 문항은 해당 교과서 명을 제시하고 모범답안의 공개도 고려하여야 할 것이다. 아울러 각 분야별 출제위원의 증원이 필요하다. In this paper, I'll analyze problems of Teacher Employment Exam between 1997 and 2002 and find out the desirable reform measures. There are six arguing points. First, Chinese character, Chinese language and Studies of Character take only average 12.4% in the textbook contents. Considering the reality of chinese writing education in high school, it is desirable to raise the percentage of questions related to these part. Second, there is no coherence in application of Eleven high school textbook materials. Moreover, between 2001 and 2002, the application of some textbook materials has increased about three times from 17 points( 24.2%) to 47.2 points( 67.4%). Specially mark reflection rate of textbook materials in 2002 in the highest during the last six years as 76.2%. Besides, we have to avoid giving too much importance to some textbook materials. In the case of 1997(Jaineung education), 2001(Hansam), 2002(Chunjai education), those textbook materials took more than 70% of test materials. Third, the rate of holding test materials in common is inclined to specific textbook. As a result of analysis of the rate of holding test materials in common, in 1998, it was 37.5%. On the other hand, in 2002, it was 13.24% and there were large declination. Specially, in 2002, between applied materials from textbook, 81.8% came from textbook of specific publishing company. So there are lots of argument. Forth, Teaching Employment Exam is so difficult. In 2002 Exam, Successful applicants' average mark in major subject is 67% and that of pedagogy is 73%. Successful applicants' average mark as well as highest mark and lowest mark in major subject are lower than those of pedagogy in 2002 exam. Considering that point, we can know that questions of major subjects are difficult. In kyunggi, kyungsang province and Seoul, compared with other subjects, at the distribution of applicants' mark who got the lowest marks, they didn't get more mark than the medium. It's not only the problem of difficulty. We can infer that it can be profitable to minority applicants through fact that difficult questions come from some specific textbook. Fifth, we have to think about the quantity of question materials and distribution of period. Generally, these aspects were appropriate. However, in 2001 Exam, materials of five questions were composed of about 2000 letters. Especially, eleventh question materials was made up of about 700 letters. In 2002 Exam, it concentrated on Practical science and Yeo-Hang literature(literature which has been developed by common people). So it was lack of consideration about periodical distribution. Sixth, getting the appropriateness and objectivity is another problem. The range of making questions has to include Chinese letter education and commonly learning subjects. We have to make bottom line of passing mark more than 60% in 100. It is necessary to make an effort to develop the questions which can measure the level of applicants' intelligence.(For example, short answer, selective form, completed form). In the case of extracted materials from some textbook, we have to introduce the name of the textbook publishing company, and it needs to increase the number of professional member of committee and we have to announce the solution in public.

동종 골수이식을 시행받은 환자에서 폐색성 세기관지염에 의하여 발생한 자발성 기종격동과 피하 기종

이병환,이제중,이연경,안재숙,김여경,황호인,박무림,조상희,정익주,김형준 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2002 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.7 No.2

저자들은 만성골수성백혈병으로 동종 골수이식과 이식편 부전으로 인하여 추가적인 말초혈액 조혈모세포이식을 시행 받은 환자에서 만성 이식편대숙주질환과 그 폐 합병증인 폐색성 세기관지염에 동반된 자발성 기종격동과 피하 기종이 병발한 1예를 경험하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. Obstructive lung disorders following after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in association with graft- versus-host disease (GVHD) contribute significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a 28-year-old man who developed spontaneous pneumomediatinum and subcutaneous emphysema complicating bronchiolitis obliterans after allogeneic BMT. He received an allogeneic BMT for chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. Five months after BMT, he was boostered by allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells from the same donor due to graft failure. One month after the boostering, chronic GVHD developed and were treated with cyclosporine and steroid. The patients developed spontaneous pneumomediatinum and subcutaneous emphysema secondary to severe bronchiolitis obliterans 4 months after boostering donor cells. The air-leak syndromes were recovered by conservative management, including high-flow oxygen.

보조 리간드가 결합한 Cr(Ⅲ)-네자리 거대고리 착물들의 합성 및 특성

김구철,한충훈,윤정수,변종철 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1

cis-(5.5.7.12.12.14-hexamethyl-1.4.8.11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)dichloro chromium(Ⅲ) chloride{cis-[Cr([14]-decane)(Cl)₂]Cl}를 출발 물질로 하여 보조 리간드{L_(a)=malonate (mal^(2-). acetylacetonate (acac^(-). benzoate (bz^(-). p-chlorobenzoate(cbz^(-). chloroacetate(ca^(-))}를 결합시킨 착물들을 합성하였다. 이들 Cr(Ⅲ) 착물들은 6배위 착물을 형성한다. cis-[Cr([14]-decane)(acac)](ClO₄)₂ 결정은 a=20.021(1)Å. b=30.112(1)Å. c=12.708Å. α=90˚. β=127.112(1)˚. γ=90˚. V=6101.1(4)ų 및 Z=8의 cell constant를 갖고 있는 C_(2/c) 공간군이며, 단사결정체이다. Cr^(3+) 이온 주위에 4개의 amine 질소 원자와 bidentate로 결합한 acetyacetonate의 2개 산소 원자가 capped square pyramid 구조를 형성하면서 6배위 기하구조를 갖는다. cis-[Cr(tetb)(cbz)₂]ClO₄ 결정은 a=12.093(1)Å. b=20.358(1)Å. c=28.852Å. α=90˚. β=90˚. γ=90˚. V=7103.1(7)ų 및 Z=8의 cell constant를 갖고 있는 P_(bca) 공간군이며, 사방정계 결정체이다. Cr^(3+) 이온 주위에 4개의 amine 질소원자와 2개의 p-chlorobenzoate에서 각각 1개 산소원자가 capped square pyramid 구조를 형성하면서 6배위 기하구조를 갖는다. New chromium(Ⅲ) complexes are synthesized from the starting material of cis-(5.5.7.12.12.14-hexamethyl-1.4.8.11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)dichloro chromium(Ⅲ) chloride{cis-[Cr([14]-decane)(Cl)₂]Cl} with auxiliary ligands {L_(a)=malonate (mal^(2-). acetylacetonate (acac^(-). benzoate (bz^(-). p-chlorobenzoate(cbz^(-). chloroacetate(ca^(-))}. The compounds are a six-coordinated chromium(Ⅲ) complexes. The crystal of cis-[Cr([14]-decane)(acac)](ClO₄)₂ is monoclinic. space group C_(2/c). with cell constant a=20.021(1)Å. b=30.112(1)Å. c=12.708Å. α=90˚. β=127.112(1)˚. γ=90˚. V=6101.1(4)ų. and Z=8. The hexacoordination geometry around Cr^(3+) ion is a capped square pyramid made up of four amine nitrogens and bidentate acetyacetonate two oxygens. The crystal of cis-[Cr(tetb)(cbz)₂]ClO₄ is orthorhombic. space group P_(bca) with cell constant a=12.093(1)Å. b=20.358(1)Å. c=28.852Å. α=90˚. β=90˚. γ=90˚. V=7103.1(7)ų. and Z=8. The hexacoordination geometry around Cr^(3+) ion is a capped square pyramid made up of four amine nitrogens and two oxygens of two p-chlorobenzoate.