고려인삼과 미국삼 종간잡종의 형질 및 성분특성

정열영,정찬문,조재성,Chung, Youl-Young,Chung, Chan-Moon,Jo, Jae-Seong 고려인삼학회 2003 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.27 No.4

본 연구는 Panax속의 유용형질을 탐색하고, 고려인삼과 미국삼, 그리고 종간 잡종인 F$_1$ 식물체의 생육, 형태적 특성, 수량, 적변율 및 ginsenoside함량 등을 조사하였던 바, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 고려인삼은 적변 발생율이 연생이 높아질수록 증가하였으나, 미국삼은 적변이 발생되지 않았으며 F$_1$잡종식물체에서도 적변이 발생되지 않았다. 2. 고려인삼과 미국삼의 잡종인 F$_1$잡종식물체 인삼의 개화기는 미국삼보다 빠르고, 자경종보다는 늦었다. 3. 고려인삼과 미국삼을 교배한 F$_1$ 묘삼의 근형질 특성은 미국삼과 고려인삼에 비하여 근장과 근중이 컸다. 4. 잡종 F$_1$의 ginsenosides 함량은 대부분이 고려인삼과 미국삼의 중간 정도였으나, 양친보다 Re는 많았고 Rg$_1$, Rg$_2$ 는 적게 정량 분석되었으며, Rf가 고려인삼에서는 검출되었으나 미국삼 및 F$_1$잡종식물체에서는 검출되지 않았다. This study was carried out to ascertain the basic information on characteristics of Korean Ginseng(Panax ginseng) and American ginseng(Panax quinquefolius), F$_1$ hybrids. Interspecies hybrids between Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius were examined morphological characteristics, rusty root incidence, and contents of effective ingredients such as ginsenosides. The summarized results are as follows. In Panax ginseng, rusty root incidence tended to increase with age of ginseng, but there was no difference in the incidence among ginseng ages and cultivation years in Panax quinquefolius and F$_1$ hybrid. The interspecies hybrid of panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius flowered later than the Panax ginseng, but earlier than the Panax quinquefolius. As for the characteristics of ginseng root, Panax quinquefolius seedling was better than cv. Panax ginseng, as the former had longer and heavier seedling root than the latter. Ginsenosides of the hybrid F$_1$ showed intermediate value in amounts of Rb$_1$, Rb$_2$, Rc and Rd which were detected as in Panax gineng and Panax quinquefolius. The amount of Re of the hybrid was higher, but that of Rg$_1$ and Rg$_2$ in main and branch roots was lower compared with its parents. Rf was 0.14% and 0.20% in main and branch roots of Panax ginseng, respectively; however, no Rf was detected in Panax quinquefolius and in the hybrid F$_1$. This suggests there may be remarkable difference in Rf content among the ginseng species.

高麗人蔘 早ㆍ晩期 出芽 系統群의 主要特性 比較

Youl Young Chung(鄭悅永),Chan Moon Chung(鄭燦文),Je Yong Kang(姜濟瑢),Yo Tae Kim(金鐃,泰),Kwang Tae Choi(崔光泰) 한국육종학회 1993 한국육종학회지 Vol.25 No.3

The characters of aerial parts and root were investigated in early and late emergence groups of ginseng lines to obtain the basic information for ginseng breeding. Ginseng plants flowered about the middle of May regardless of early and late emergence. The aerial parts were more vigorous in the late emergence lines than in the early emergence lines. And the root characters of late emergence lines were also better than those of early emergence lines. Significant variation for several traits was observed in early and late emergence lines. Especially, significant correlation between root weight and some aerial part characters, such as stem length, stem diameter, and leaf area, was observed. Multi-stem ginseng plants were highly susceptible to the Alternaria stem rot as compaired with single stem ginseng plants. Therefore, the results above-mentioned suggests that it is desirable to select late emergence lines for high yield of ginseng roots.

高麗人蔘과 美國參의 生育特性 比較

Youl Young Chung(鄭悅永),Chan Moon Chung(鄭燦文),Kwang Tae Choi(崔光泰),Chan Sun Chung(鄭燦善) 한국육종학회 1992 한국육종학회지 Vol.24 No.1

This study was carried out to clarify some characteristics in 6-year old Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium. The six-year old Jakyung-Jong and Hwangsook-Jong of Panax ginseng showed the similarity in characters. Panax quinquefolium was inferior in the growth to the Panax ginseng. In the frequence of multi-stem plants, the Jakyung-Jong is the highest, and the Hwangsook-Jong and Panax quinquefolium is alike. In the duplicated leaflets and funnel shaped leaflets occurrence, Panax quinquefolium was higher than Panax ginseng. Chlorophyll contents of leaf were higher in Panax quinquefolium than in Panax ginseng, and it was shown to be variable depending on the growing stage and species. In anthocyanin content, the order of the content was Jakyung-Jong, Panax quinquefolium, and Hwangsook-Jong in stem and petiole organ, but the Panax quinquefolium was the most in the peduncle organ.

교잡인삼의 종자발아 특성 및 Lipoxygenase 활성 비교

정열영(Youl-Young Chung) 고려인삼학회 2004 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.28 No.4

An investigation was conducted to ascertain the basic information on characteristics of embryonic tissue development among Korean Ginseng, American ginseng, F₁hybrids and BClI(F I pollen back cross to BC₁= Korean Ginseng) seeds. The specific activities oflipoxygenase (LOX) and the protein assays were made during the above embrygrowth period at 5 or 25 degree C. The results are summarized as follows: The fresh weights(mg) of germinating seeds were significantly different among species. Ginseng seeds were stratified at 5℃ for 60 days the ratios of embryo/endosperms in P.g., P.q or F₁were about 90%. The ratio was in BC₁F₁, 79.2% during the same period. The ratios of embryo/endosperms of seeds of P.g. or P.q. germinated at 5℃ showed rather higher values as compared to that at 25℃ LOX specific activity the highest in the F₁and decreased in the order of P.g., P.q., and BC₁F₁. The highest LOX specific activity was shown at 80 days after sowing, followed by 70 days sowing, the least LOX activity was shown at 60 days.

기상요인과 황색종 잎담배의 화학성분과의 관계

김상범,조수헌,정열영,정기택,Kim Sang-Beom,Cho Soo-Heon,Chung Youl-Young,Jeong Kee-Taeg 한국연초학회 2004 한국연초학회지 Vol.26 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between weather factors during the growing season and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco. Chemical components used in this study was from 'Farm Leaf Tobacco Test' conducted at KT&G Central Research Institute from 1986 through 2003. Data of weather factors during growing season(April to July) were collected in 10 districts measured at Korea Meteorological Adminstration(KMA). Nicotine and total sugar contents, and total sugar to nicotine(TS/Nic.) ratio were increased, whereas total nitrogen to nicotine(TN/Nic.) ratio and chloride content were decreased from 1986 through 2003. Year to year variation of rainfall was the largest, followed by that of sunshine hour. Month to month variation of rainfall also was the largest, followed by that of mean daily air temperature(MDAT). Rainfall was correlated positively with relative humidity(RH), but negatively with sunshine hour. Nicotine content was correlated positively with MDAT(in July, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average), but negatively with rainfall(in May$\~$July) and with RH(in June, July, May $\~$June, June $\~$July, April$\~$June, May $\~$July and average). Total sugar content was correlated positively with MDAT(in May), but negatively with sunshine hour(average) and RH(in June, July, June$\~$July, April$\~$June, May$\~$July and average). The positive correlation was found between total nitrogen content and sunshine hour(in April, May, April$\~$May, May$\~$July, April$\~$June and average). The negative correlation was found between TS/Nic. ratio and sunshine hour(in May$\~$July and average). TN/Nic. ratio was correlated positively with sunshine hour(in May and April$\~$May) and with RH(in July and June$\~$July), but negatively with MDAT(in July, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average). Ether extraction content was correlated positively with MDAT(in July, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average) and with sunshine hour(in July and June$\~$July), but negatively with rainfall(in April, July, May­July and average). Chloride content was correlated positively with sunshine hour(in April, July, April$\~$May, June$\~$July, April$\~$June, May$\~$July and average), but negatively with rainfall(in April, April$\~$June and average).

人蔘 胚培養에 있어서 花器出現 特性

Chan Moon Chung(鄭燦文),Youl Young Chung(鄭悅永),Jae Seong Jo(曺在星) 한국육종학회 1995 한국육종학회지 Vol.27 No.4

This study was carried out to examine the path way of in vitro flower through embryo culture of Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Zygotic embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium with various concentrations of indolebutyric acid(IBA), benzyladenine(BA) and gibberellic acid(GA). There were two pathway of differentiations from the adventitious buds and shoot primordium in relation to the in vitro flower development. In this case, there are three types of flower emergence : shoot only, flowers only and shoot with flowers. When the amount of in vitro flower differentiation increased, the anther development was poor. The primary culture at 18℃ and the secondary culture at 25℃ under light condition was optimum for the in vitro flower induction.

고려인삼의 주아 발달경로

정찬문(Chan-Moon Chung),임흥빈(Heung-Bin Lim),이이(Yi Lee),정열영(Youl-Young Chung),전병록(Byeong-Rok Jun) 고려인삼학회 2009 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.33 No.3

본 시험은 인삼의 채종종자의 조직을 관찰하여 잠아의 실체를 조사하였고 묘삼의 잠아특성을 산지별로 조사하여 다경이 되는 잠아의 발달경로를 알아보았다. 그리고 묘삼을 본포에 이식하여 3 년생을 채굴하여 4 년생이 될 주아의 생성경로를 조사하였다. 묘삼의 주아는 발아종자의 경근천이부에서 피층조직이 융기하여 돔 (dome)형태의 원잠아 또는 측잠아가 형성된 후 이들 조직이 분화하여 발달하였다. 그리고 묘삼의 단뇌는 90%가 원잠아에서 유래하였으며 쌍뇌는 원잠아와 2개의 측잠아 중 1 개가 발달되어 형성되었으며 3 뇌는 원잠아와 측잠아 2 개가 발달하여 형성되었다. 본포에서 2 년생과 3 년생은 주아가 단뇌로 형성되어 있어 2 경 개체가 발생하지 않으나 4 년생은 3 년생에서 발달한 쌍뇌 이상의 주아가 있어 2 경 개체이상이 관찰되는 최초의 연생이었다. 4년생의 주아는 종자에서 형성된 원잠아, 측잠아와 2-3년생에서 뇌두부위에서 형성된 피층잠아에서 유래하는 것으로 고년생으로 갈수록 쌍뇌 또는 3뇌는 원잠아에 비해 피층잠아 유래의 주아가 많았다. The researchers studied the composition of latent buds by surveying the embryo of harvested seed, and the developmental pathway of latent buds by analyzing the characteristics of local ginseng. One-year-old ginseng seedlings were transplanted into the field and harvested two years later. The developmental pathway of the main bud, which would be the shoot of ginseng in the fourth year, was also investigated. The main bud of the seedling was formed from the region between root and shoot of the germinating seed. Primary and axillary latent buds protruded in a dome-shape from the cortex and separated from the main bud. Ninety percent of the single main bud was derived from the primary latent bud. Twin main buds were derived from a primary latent bud and one axillary bud, and triple main buds were derived from primary latent bud and two axillary latent buds. In the field, the researchers could not find 2-stem plants in 2-3 years old plants. However, the researchers found a 2-stem plant in a 4-year-old plant because its two main buds developed from a 3-year-old plant. We can conclude that a 2-stem plant was observed in the plant that was at least 4 years old. The main buds of the 4-year-old plant were formed at the primary and axillary latent bud of seed and cortex, the latent bud of rhizome in a 2-3 year old plant. In older plants, twin and triple main buds were derived mostly from the cortex latent bud than the primary latent bud.

인삼에 있어 단경 및 다경개체의 잠아형태별 수량 및 홍삼 품질 비교

정찬문(Chan-moon Chung),신주식(Ju-Sik Shin),정열영(Youl-Young Chung) 고려인삼학회 2006 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.30 No.3

인삼에 있어 다경 및 잠아 발생형태가 원료삼 및 홍삼 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 지하부 특성 및 품질요인을 조사하였다. 단경개체는 1-3개의 잠아를 갖는 형태이고 2경개체는 2-3개 그리고 3경개체는 3개의 잠아를 갖는 형태이었다. 또한 단경개체는 62.9% 그리고 2경 이상의 다경개체는 37.1%의 분포를 나타냈다. 원료삼의 등급은 단경개체에 비하여 다경개체가 될 수록 저하하였고 단경개체와 다경개체 모두 잠아수가 많은 개체에서 등급이 낮았다. 경수에 따른 홍삼수율은 대체로 30% 내외로 단경이나 다경개체간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 그러나 본삼수율은 다경개체로 갈수록 감소하는 경향이었다. 홍삼 등급은 다경개체에 비해 단경개체가 양호하였으며 다경개체는 양삼과 잡삼이 많았다. 그리고 잠아수가 많을수록 홍삼등급은 저하하였다. This study was carried out to study the effect of emergence type of multiple stem and main bud on the quality of fresh and red ginseng in Korean ginseng. To achieve the aim of this study, characteristics of roots and quality factors were investigated. Single stem plants were 62.9% of the total samples, and the remainder(37.1%) were multiple stem plants. The number of stems affected considerably on root weight. Root weight of triple stem type with triple main bud was the largest among the types. As the number of stem per plant increased, the root quality became worse. In both single and multiple stem, the more the number of main buds was, the lower the quality grade was. Yield of the red ginseng was about 30%, showing little difference between single stem and multiple stem plant. As the number of stem increased, yield of Bonsam decreased. The quality grade of red ginseng of single stem was better than that of multiple stem. Multiple stem plant produced relatively more Yangsam and Japsam. As the number of main bud increased, the quality grade of ginseng decreased.

국내 감자바이러스 Y (PVY) 저항성 육성 계통에서 분리한 PVY Mutant의 특성

김재현,금완수,이신호,김정수,전용호,정석훈,정열영,박용학,Kim, Jae-Hyun,Kuem, Wan-Soo,Lee, Sin-Ho,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Jeon, Yong-Ho,Jung, Suk-Hun,Chung, Youl-Young,Park, Yong-Hack 한국연초학회 2006 한국연초학회지 Vol.28 No.2

A mutant of Potato vims Y (PVY) was occurred in PVY resistance flue-cured tobacco breeding line KF0402 $(TC1146{\times}KF117)$ showing vein necrosis at Suwon in Korea. This isolate, PVY-SWM, was differentiated from other PVY based on biological properties and nucleotide sequence analyses of coat protein gene. PVY-SWM caused typical symptoms on 21 indicator plants as compared to the PVY-TOJC37. Remarkably, the PVY-SWM induced distinctly different symptom of systemic vein necrosis on tobacco cultivars V.SCR, PBD6, TN86, TN90, Virgin A Mutant (VAM), Wislica, NC744, KB108 and KB111, which were reported to have the recessive potyvirus resistance gene va. In RT-PCR assays with specific primers for detection of PVY, a single band of about 800bp in length was produced. The amplified DNA was cloned and the nucleotide sequence was determined. The coat protein gene of PVY-SWM showed 88.4%-99.0% and 92.5%-98.5% identities to the 12 different PVY isolates of Genbank Database at the nucleotide and amino acidi respectively. Multiple alignments as well as cluster dendrograms of PVY-SWM isolate revealed close phylogenetic relationship to the $PVY^{NTN}$ subgroup.

고려인삼의 주아 발달 경로에 대하여

정찬문,임흥빈,이이,정열영,전병록 충북대학교 연초연구소 2009 煙草硏究 Vol.22 No.-

본 시험은 인삼의 채종종자의 조직을 관찰하여 잠아의 실체를 조사하였고 묘삼의 잠아특성을 산지별로 조사하여 다경이 되는 잠아의 발달경로를 알아보았다. 그리고 묘삼을 본포에 이식하여 3년생을 채굴하여 4년생이 될 주아의 생성경로를 조사하였다. 1. 묘삼의 주아는 발아종자의 경근천이부에서 피층조직이 융기하여 돔(dome)형태의 원잠아 또는 측잠아가 형성된 후 이들 조직이 분화하여 발달하였다. 2. 묘삼의 단뇌는 90%가 원잠아에서 유래하였고 쌍뇌는 원잠아와 2%정도의 측잠아1개가 발달되어 형성되었으며 3뇌는 원잠아와 측잠아 2개가 발달하여 형성되었다. 3. 본포에서 2년생과 3년생은 주아가 단뇌로 형성되어 있어 2경개체가 발생하지 않으나 4년생은 3년생에서 발달한 쌍뇌 이상의 주아가 있어 2경개체이상이 관찰되는 최초의 연생이었다. 4. 4년생의 주아는 종자에서 형성된 원잠아, 측잠아와 2-3년생에서 뇌두부위에서 형성된 피층잠아에서 유래하는 것으로 고년생으로 갈수록 쌍뇌 또는 3뇌는 원잠아에 비해 피층잠아 유래의 주아가 많았다. We studied the substance of latent bud by surveying the embryo of harvested seed and developmental pathway of latent bud by analysing the characteristics of latent bud of local ginseng lines. We transplanted one year old ginseng seedlings in the field and harvested it out two years later. And then We investigated developmental pathway of the main bud which would be the shoot of ginseng in the fourth year. Main bud of seedling was formed from the region between root and shoot of germinating seed. Primary and axillary latent buds protruded in dome shape from cortex tissue and differentiated into main bud. Ninety percent of single main bud was derived from primary latent bud, twin main buds were derived from primary latent bud and one axillary bud, and triple main buds were derived from primary latent bud and two axillary latent buds. In the field, We could not find 2-stem plant from 2-3 years old plant, however, We found 2-stem plant from 4-year-o1d plant because twin main buds developed from 3-year-o1d plant. Therefore 2-stem plant was observed obviously from the plant at least 4 years old. Main buds of 4-year-old plant were formed from primary and axillary latent bud of seed and cortex latent bud of rhizome from 2-3 years old plant. In older plants, twin and triple main buds were derived more from cortex latent bud than primary latent bud.