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Irisin response to downhill running exercise in humans
Yoshifumi Tsuchiya,Sahiro Mizuno,Kazushige Goto 한국운동영양학회 2018 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.22 No.2
[Purpose] To determine the effects of exercise-induced muscle damage, we examined irisin responses during level running (LR), with less muscle damage, and downhill running (DHR), with greater muscle damage under equivalent exercise duration and oxygen consumption (V3O2) conditions. [Methods] Fifteen healthy men (age: 21.6 ± 2.0 y, height: 170 ± 1.3 cm, weight: 64.8 ± 2.7 kg) were randomly assigned to either the LR group (n = 8) or the DHR group (n = 7). Subjects in the LR group performed treadmill running at 70% of maximum oxygen uptake (V3O2max) for 30 min on a 0% gradient. In contrast, subjects in the DHR group performed the same exercise on a –10% gradient. Blood samples were collected before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 1, 3, and 24 h after exercise. [Results] No significant interaction (group × time) or main effect of group or time was observed for changes in plasma irisin concentrations over time (P > 0.05). However, the area under the curve of plasma irisin concentrations during a 3-h post-exercise period was significantly greater in the DHR (239,197 ± 8,166 ng/mL) group than in the LR (92,293 ± 8,755 ng/ml) group (P < 0.05). The blood lactate, serum cortisol, myoglobin, and plasma interleukin-6 concentrations were significantly higher in the DHR group than in the LR group after exercise (P < 0.05 for all variables). [Conclusion] DHR associated with marked muscle damage promoted a greater increase in exercise-induced irisin did LR after the same duration under identical VO2 conditions.
A Review of Sport-Related Head Injuries
Yoshifumi Mizobuchi,Shinji Nagahiro 대한신경손상학회 2016 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.12 No.1
We review current topics in sport-related head injuries including acute subdural hematoma (ASDH), traumatic cerebrovascular disease, cerebral concussion, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Sports-related ASDH is a leading cause of death and severe morbidity in popular contact sports like American football and Japanese judo. Rotational acceleration can cause either cerebral concussion or ASDH due to rupture of a parasagittal bridging vein. Although rare, approximately 80% of patients with cerebral infarction due to sport participation are diagnosed with ischemia or infarction due to arterial dissection. Computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and ultrasound are useful for diagnosing arterial dissection; ultrasound is particularly useful for detecting dissection of the common and internal carotid arteries. Repeated sports head injuries increase the risks of future concussion, cerebral swelling, ASDH, and CTE. To avoid fatal consequences of CTE, it is essential to understand the criteria for safe post-concussion sports participation. Once diagnosed with a concussion, an athlete should not be allowed to return to play on the same day and should not resume sports before the concussion symptoms have completely resolved. Information about the risks and management of head injuries in different sports should be widely disseminated in educational institutions and by sport organization public relations campaigns.
Development of Knee Joint Robot for Students Becoming Therapist
Yoshifumi Morita,Yuki Kawai,Yusuke Hayashi,Tatsuya Hirano,Hiroyuki Ukai,Kouji Sanaka,Hironori Nakamuta,Keiko Takao 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
The authors are developing a knee joint robot as an educational tool for students becoming physical therapist (PT) or occupational therapist (OT). The robot can simulate some problems of a knee joint, such as range of motion trouble, contracture, rigidity, spasticity and so on. The robot has a knee joint mechanism to realize not only flexion/extension movement but also inner/outer rotation movement, which is based on the idea of rolling, sliding and coming off movement. In addition the robot has the wire drive system to control the knee joint passive movement. In this paper we design optimal arrangement of four pulleys in the wire drive system by introducing performance indices. In addition we design control algorithms to imitate two kinds of knee joint troubles and verify the effectiveness by fundamental experiments.