Cytological, genetic, and proteomic analysis of a sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) mutant Siyl‑1 with yellow–green leaf color

Tong‑Mei Gao,Shuang‑Ling Wei,Jing Chen,Yin Wu,Feng Li,Li‑Bin Wei,Chun Li,Yan‑Juan Zeng,Yuan Tian,Dong‑Yong Wang,Hai‑Yang Zhang 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.1

Background Both photosynthetic pigments and chloroplasts in plant leaf cells play an important role in deciding on the photosynthetic capacity and efficiency in plants. Systematical investigating the regulatory mechanism of chloroplast development and chlorophyll (Chl) content variation is necessary for clarifying the photosynthesis mechanism for crops. Objective This study aims to explore the critical regulatory mechanism of leaf color mutation in a yellow–green leaf sesame mutant Siyl-1. Methods We performed the genetic analysis of the yellow-green leaf color mutation using the F2 population of the mutant Siyl-1. We compared the morphological structure of the chloroplasts, chlorophyll content of the three genotypes of the mutant F2 progeny. We performed the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and compared the protein expression variation between the mutant progeny and the wild type. Results Genetic analysis indicated that there were 3 phenotypes of the F2 population of the mutant Siyl-1, i.e., YY type with light-yellow leaf color (lethal); Yy type with yellow-green leaf color, and yy type with normal green leaf color. The yellowgreen mutation was controlled by an incompletely dominant nuclear gene, Siyl-1. Compared with the wild genotype, the chloroplast number and the morphological structure in YY and Yy mutant lines varied evidently. The chlorophyll content also significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The 2-DE comparison showed that there were 98 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) among YY, Yy, and yy lines. All the 98 DEPs were classified into 5 functional groups. Of which 82.7% DEPs proteins belonged to the photosynthesis and energy metabolism group. Conclusion The results revealed the genetic character of yellow-green leaf color mutant Siyl-1. 98 DEPs were found in YY and Yy mutant compared with the wild genotype. The regulation pathway related with the yellow leaf trait mutation in sesame was analyzed for the first time. The findings supplied the basic theoretical and gene basis for leaf color and chloroplast development mechanism in sesame.

배당세와 기업의 배당정책

金東憲,劉成龍 홍익대학교 동북아연구소 2001 東北亞硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Individual investors earn the incomes of dividends and capital gains in investing firm's stocks. Dividend incomes are taxed but capital gains are not taxed according to Korean tax law. The differential taxation of these incomes can force individual investors to value retained earnings and contributed capital differently as the components of net book value. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between dividend tax and firm's dividend policy. Sample firms were collected in the Korean Stock Exchange listed-firms. Results of this study are as follows ; First, Individual investors value retained earnings lower than contributed capital as the components of net book value. This result suggests that individual investors appreciate the dividend tax effect. Second, the dividend tax effect is apparent in high dividend ratio firms rather than in lower dividend ratio firms. This indicates that management can maximize the firm value by means of dividend policy.

재량적 발생액의 기업가치평가요소에 대한 노이즈효과

金東憲,柳成容 홍익대학교 동북아연구소 2002 東北亞硏究 Vol.6 No.-

This study examines the association between valuation and accrual information. According to accounting based valuation model, firm's value consists of net book value and abnormal earnings. Net book value and abnormal earnings are determined as the manager's accounting policy. Discretionary accruals may signal the manager's value expectation or be noisy factor of accounting based valuation variables. The results of this study are as follows; First, discretionary and non-discretionary accruals are not associated to stock prices. This result suggests that discretionary accruals and non-discretionary accruals are not factors of the firm value. Second, the product term of discretionary accrual and net book value are associated to the stock price negatively but the product term of non-discretionary accrual and net book value are not associated to the stock price. the results indicate that discretionary accruals are noisy factors of net book value information. Third, the product term of discretionary accrual and net income are associated to the stock price negatively and the product term of non-discretionary accrual and net income are also associated to the stock price negatively the results suggest that discretionary accruals are noisy factors of earnings.

Thermal MOCVD와 DC pulsed PA-MOCVD에 의해 증착된 TiN 박막 연구

박용균,이영섭,이태수,이성재,조동율,천희곤 울산대학교 2001 공학연구논문집 Vol.32 No.1

유기화합물(TDEAT;Ti[N(C2H5)2]4)과 NH3를 이용하여 thermal MOCVD와 dc pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD(PA-MOCVD)인 2종류의 TiN박막을 증착하여 비교하였다. TiN박막의 특성분석은 XRD, AES, FE-SEM, α-step과 XPS로 연구하였다. DC pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD로 증착된 Tin박막은 ion bombardment 효과에 의해 열적으로 증착된 것보다 더 fine한 columnar구조를 나타내므로써 막의 결정질이 향상되었다. 플라즈마에서의 아르곤 이온의 충돌로 인해 탄소(C)는 오히려 유기 화합물보다 탄소 라디칼로 존재하였다. 따라서 탄소 라디갈은 기판의 강한 (-) potential에 의해 TiN박막에 trap되기 때문에 탄소(C)는 열적으로 증착된 TiN박막보다 더 많은 양이 존재하는 것으로 추정된다. By using of (TDEAT;Ti[N(C2H5)2]4)and ammonia gas source, we deposited two different TiN thin films with thermal MOCVD and dc pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD (PA-MOCVB). The properties of TiN thin films were studied by XRD, AES, FE - SEM, α - step and XPS analyses in this work. The TiN films deposited by dc pulsed PA - MOCVD have a little higher density and a fine columnar structure, compared with thermally deposited TiN thin films. This may be due to ion bombardment effect resulting in improved crystallinity in films. Carbon in the film may exist in the form of carbonic radical rather than organic compound because of collision with Ar ion in the plasma. Consequently, the content of carbon in the film of dc pulsed PA - MOCVD was higher than that in thermally deposited TiN films, because carbon radicals could be trapped in the film by strong negative potential of the substrate.

Ion Deposition 方法으로 成長시킨 轉移金屬表面의 Auger電子分光 分析

朴東秀,李元植,崔永奎 慶北大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.37 No.-

An efficient versatile ion spurrering apparatus was designed and constructed. The source produces ion beams of noble gas such as Ar^+ ion in the ion energy range from a few electron volts to several kiloelectron volts with high current density. The ion beam size was controlled as 1 mm and up to a few mm in diameter. The source has been successfully applied to both the sputtering deposition of thin fils of Al, Ag, and Mo on the SiO_2 substrates and the cleaning of metal surfaces. The deposition rates were 15A~50A/min. Auger electron spectra for Al, Ag, and Mo thin film deposited by present apparatus were obtained. They showed excellent characteristic properties of deposition modes such as the augular dependence and and the localization.

Multimode pulse法에 의한 Chalcogenide glass switch의 特性 硏究

李龍浩,梁東翊 全北大學校 文理科大學 1976 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The Ⅰ-Ⅴ characteristics of chalcogenide glass switches(As_3 Ge_1 Te_6 system) are measured withthe multimode pulse technique. The poole Frenkel effect is observed in the preswitching region except in weak field. The activation energy of the switch is 0.36eV. The temparature rise in the conducting channel just before switching is estimated below several degrees in Celsius. Switching parameters such as threshold conditions, minimum holding conditions, and the On state characteristics are investigated with the programmed mode. Negative dynamic resistance is observed in the on state near the minimum holding region. When two successive pulses of which hight of the second pulse is lower than the first one, slow speed transition from the on state to the off state is observed. The influences of the on state on the second switching are as follows; (1)when the time gap between the first pulse and the second one is narrowed within 2 micro seconds, the second threshold voltage decreases remarkably, (2) When the duration of the on state is prolonged, the next threshold voltage increases in some region, (3) slow speed transition from the on state to the off state makes next threshold voltage increase and suppress the next firing.

광복 후 한국 여성체육문화 변천사

정동구,하웅용 한국체육사학회 2003 체육사학회지 Vol.11 No.-

The purpose of this study was to research the history of Korean women sport culture since the liberation to now. The history of Korean women sport culture would divide four period in term of social and cultural characteristics of modem history. The first period of Korean women sport culture, so call the cradle period of sport culture, was the period since the liberation to 1961. During this period, sport culture was understood as a school curriculum, physical education. The schools taught students various sports such as gymnastics, track and field, basketball, and developed intramural and inter-scholastic competition. The second period of Korean women sport culture, so call the symbolic period of women sport culture, was the period since 1961 to 1980. The period from the 4·19 Revolution to 1990, the Korean military governments had controlled women sport culture as a political tool. In therm of pursuit the political goals such as enhance the national prestige and superiority of capital idealism, the governments supported all power to elite sports. The third period of Korean women sport culture was the Growing period. During this period, the influential effects on women sport culture in holding the Olympics and Asian Games in Seoul, Korea can be mentioned. In order to obtain excellent results in the Olympics and the Asian Games, a record number of player, both male and female, participated in all areas of sports. For the first time, consideration and interest were Oven as a major priority to the ahletes. The four period of Korean women sport culture, so call the public period of sport culture, was the period since 1990 to now. Since 1990, sport culture has met the new trend and paradigm which pursued public welfare. Now the women sport culture has been changed from 'spectacular sports' to 'participant sports' and moreover to become 'enjoyable sports.'

부가차기세법상 간이과세제도의 운영실태와 일반과세 일원화에 관한 연구

金東憲,池用雨 홍익대학교 경영연구소 2001 경영연구 Vol.26 No.-

우리 나라의 부가가치세제는 1997년에 소비세제를 개혁하면서 도입되었으며, 부가가치세는 조세 수입에서 1998년 실적기준으로 내국세 징수의 30.6% 간접세 징수의 75.1%를 점하는 매우 중요한 세목이다. 그러나 부가가치세제를 시행하고 있는 주요 국가와 마찬가지로 우리 나라도 소규모 영세 사업자를 위한 특례제도로서 간이과세제도를 두고 있으나 이 간이과세제도로 인하여 세금계산서의 수취기피등 많은 문제점이 야기되고 근거관세의 구현이 정착되지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서의 우리나라의 간이과세제도의 운영실태를 몇 가지 기준에 의해 분석하고 동 제도로 인한 주요 문제점을 도출하였으며 이를 개선하기 위한 방안으로 간이과세제도의 폐지와 일반 과세로의 일원화 방안을 제시하였다. 즉 간이과세제도를 폐지하고 이를 일반과세로 일원화 하여 모든 사업자에게 동일한 과세표준 및 납부세액 계산방법을 적용함으로서 세부담의 공평성 제고, 세금계산서 수수질서의 확립 및 신용사회 구축, 매출누락 방지 및 부가가치세제의 단순화등을 통해 부가가치세의 제도적 정착에 기여할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 간이과세제도를 폐지하고 일반과세로의 일원화 방안을 성공적으로 실행하기 위한 보완책은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 납세자는 자기 부담할 세금을 성실하게 신고, 납부하고자 하는 납세의식수준을 고양하며, 세무행정에 대한 국민의 신뢰성을 제고한다. 둘째, 부가가치세제의 본질과 특례제도에 대하여 명확하게 인식한다. 셋째, 일정규모 이하의 소규모 영세사업자에게는 부가가치세의 납부의무의 면제제도의 확대조정을 검토한다. 넷째, 최종 소비자와 직접 거래하는 소규모 영세사업자에 대하여는 세금계산서 발행의무와 기장의무등을 현재와 같이 완화한다. 다섯째, 모든 사업자는 세금계산서의 수취 및 제출을 의무화하고 이의 유인책을 강구한다. 여섯째, 사업자가 아닌 최종 소비자와 거래하는 사업자는 신용카드 가맹을 의무화하고 생활화하도록 한다. 일곱째, 세금계산서 수취의무 강화와 신용카드 가맹 및 사용 활성화 등으로 근거과세의 기반이 구축됨으로서 모든 거래가 양성화되어 매출증가로 인한 급격한 세부담이 가중되지 않도록 부가가치세율을 적극적으로 인하하여 신뢰세정을 펼친다면 건전한 납세의식 재고와 근거과세 확립을 통한 부가가치세제가 성공적으로 정착될 것이다.

强靭鑄鐵의 熔接性에 關한 硏究

曺東震,韓俊澤,劉憲一,朴龍鎭,金錫胤,慶在浩 弘益大學校 1974 弘大論叢 Vol.6 No.-

The matrix of ductile cast iron are welded by pre-heating it at 300℃ in the room temperature. Through the mechanical, non-desbructive testing and analysis of the composition. the possibility if arc welding of ductile cast iron are studied as follows; 1. L electrode is the best among them in weldability, impact value and machinability. The next is LB electrode followed by S electrode. C electrode is last. However, the tensile strength showed in the following order: LB, S, L, C. 2. LB, S, L, C, all are available for the welding of cast iron. 3. The above experiment showed that L and LB are good in general. In addition LB is low in price, we therefore prospect that it will be widely used as the electrode for cast iron.

LCC 技法을 利用한 低層 商街建物(5~6層)의 所要 費用 豫測 및 初基工事費와 渾營管理費 比較에 關한 硏究

김용수,김동현 中央大學校 建設環境硏究所 1998 環境科學硏究 Vol.9 No.1

For the purpose of analyzing life cycle costs of small-size commercial buildings, 5 buildings are selected. They are all located in Anyang, Kyunggi-do, Life cycle cost data for the analysis were collected from building owners, building users and maintenance experts specializing in small-size commercial buildings by interviewing with them. The collected data are initial construction cost, operation and maintenance costs, replacement cost and demolition cost. In this research, conclusions are as follows : 1) The mean operation and maintenance costs will be needed approximately 650,000won/㎡ in 1996 constant cost terms and 230,000won/㎡ in 1996 discounted cost terms when the stydy period is 60 years ; and 2) Through the analysis between construction costs and running costs, it is investigated that the buildings which had higher initial construction costs show less running costs.