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Target Force Level에 따른 악력의 주관적 평가 정확도
공용구,박동현,최경희,신재민,이주희,이준협,Kong, Yong-Ku,Park, Donghyun,Choi, Kyeong-Hee,Shin, Jae-Min,Lee, Juhee,Lee, Jun-Hyub 대한인간공학회 2017 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.36 No.5
Objective: The purposes of this experiment are an analysis of accuracy between target force level and subjective rating for the Target Force Level and an analysis of the patterns of subjective rating depending on target force level when there is no feedback from males for analysis. Background: The study of perceived exertion about the static contraction is processed with using among the matching procedure method between contralateral limbs, Exertion vs. Borg CR-10 scale and Exertion vs. %MVC (Maximum Voluntary Contraction). However, when there is no feedback, there is lack of the study on whether the subject can distinguish the subjective rating of the force depending on the target force levels. Method: Total 30 males, healthy subjects are measured the maximum grip strength, MVC, and then, each subject is measured the subjective rating and the accuracy with the random target force level (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% MVC). Results: In the MVC study, males exerted 256.87N (${\pm}51.33$). In the subjective rating of grip strength increased for each Target Force Level (9 levels), higher subjective rating evaluated (p<0.05). In accuracy examination between target force level and subjective rating of grip strength by each %MVC, 10, 30, 40, 50, 70, 90% target force levels showed accurate strength (p>0.05). However, at 20% target force level, the subjects evaluated less subjective rating of grip strength than the target force (Underestimation), and at 60% and 80% target force level, the subjects evaluated more subjective rating of grip strength than the target force (Overestimation) (p<0.05). Conclusion: In the experiment, the MVC showed 256.87N (${\pm}51.33$) for the male adults and as the subjective rating value increased for each Target Force Level (9 levels), higher subjective rating evaluated (p<0.05). Moreover, the results of the accuracy test between target forces and subjective rating of the subjects showed that most participants rated a fairly accurate assessment of subjective rating of grip strength for Target Force Level (9 levels), except for 20%, 60%, and 80%MVC. Application: This experimental result would be used for basic data for the subjective rating of grip strength pattern by the target force level when the voluntary muscle is contracted.
인삼 재배 작업의 재해 위험 요인과 안전 대책 - 인삼 재배 농업인 대상 안전교육 자료 개발을 위한 조사 연구
공용구,이인석,이경숙,최경희,강다영,이주희,Kong, Yong-Ku,Lee, Inseok,Lee, Kyung Suk,Choi, Kyeong-Hee,Kang, Da-Yeong,Lee, Juhee 대한인간공학회 2017 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.36 No.5
Objective: The aim of this study was to find risk factors in cultivating ginseng based on risk assessments and suggest safety measures for main risks. Background: Safety education and training is one of the practical and effective methods to prevent occupational accidents and injuries. In agricultural sector, there are few contents of safety education as compared to other industries. Especially, farm work has different cultivation characteristics according to the crops, so it needs special education materials for each crop. Among the various types of crops, ginseng contains various risk factors due to its long cultivating period and unique environment. Therefore, safety education material specified for ginseng is necessary to improve ginseng farmers' safety. Method: Risk assessment for cultivating tasks of ginseng was carried out through data obtained from various methods (site survey, interview, literature survey). To improve objectivity, the risk assessment was applied with 3-criteria (researcher estimate, interview, previous research results). Finally, the three high-risk tasks were selected and safety measures for those tasks were provided. Results: Three tasks, such as 'Mounting, maintenance and removing supports', 'Pest control' and 'Harvest', were selected as risky tasks among total tasks. (1) In 'Mounting' and maintenance and removing supports', the farmers found to be exposed to the risks of musculoskeletal disorders and accidents related to operating the tablet machine. (2) In 'Pest control', agrichemical poisoning, musculoskeletal disorders and hyperthermia were main risks. Finally, (3) In 'Harvest', the farmers are mainly exposed to the possibility of accidents of agricultural machines and risks of musculoskeletal disorders. Thus, it needs to apply appropriate safety measures to those risky tasks, such as safety guidelines, convenience equipment, protective kit, and so on. Conclusion: This study can be used as basic data for agricultural safety and expected that it would be useful for further study. In addition, the results of the research will be produced in the form of animation, which will enhance the safety consciousness for aged farmers. Application: The result of this study can be used in developing safety education materials for ginseng farmers which is essential to prevent occupational accidents and injuries among ginseng farmers.
VDT 작업에서 두부전방자세 위험수준에 따른 목의 피로와 Flexion-Relaxation 변수에 관한 연구
공용구(Yong-Ku Kong),최경희(Kyeong-Hee Choi),신재민(Jae-Min Shin),김재경(Jae-Kyeong Kim),심현호(Hyun-Ho Shim),조민욱(Min-Uk Cho),이주희(Ju-Hee Lee) 대한인간공학회 2018 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.37 No.6
Objective: The aim of this study is to quantify the neck fatigue of the office worker in Visual Display Terminal (VDT) work using the parameters of the flexion-relaxation phenomenon. Background: VDT work comprises a large proportion of the office worker" tasks. Although VDT work requires relatively less loads, it can stress the neck and shoulders of the workers who work for a long period time with awkward sitting postures. In spite of that many office workers are suffering from neck and shoulder pains, the current solution for musculoskeletal disorders of office workers is only a management approach. Thus, it is important to precisely quantify the fatigue of VDT workers for reducing the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in office workers and for improving working environment. Method: For this experiment, 23 males were recruited to compare flexion-relaxation parameters such as Flexion-Relaxation Ratio (FRR) and On/Offset angle, and subjective discomfort (Borg CR-10 scale) before and after VDT task during 50 minutes. Participants were divided into two groups (forward head posture (FHP) high risk group and FHP low risk group) based on the pre-FHP test. Results: FRP parameters changed after VDT task. The FRR was significantly decreased and On/Offset angles showed an increasing trend after the task. CVA was slightly lower in FHP high risk group during 50 minute of VDT task. Using this result, it was found that high risk group of FHP was maintained at a lower posture for a long time. In addition, the subjective discomfort also increased after task. Conclusion: Based on these results, VDT work causes fatigue to the worker. And this fatigue can be quantified using FRP parameters. In addition, it was confirmed that FRR can be used as an index to confirm the abnormality of neck. Application: These results can be used to quantify the fatigue caused by VDT work in office workers, and to further validate the improvement of musculoskeletal disorders.
공용구(Yong-Ku Kong),최경희(Kyeong-Hee Choi),심현호(Hyun-Ho Shim),김민정(Min-Jung Kim),박상수(Sang-Soo Park),심진우(Jin-Woo Shim),김승연(Seoung-Yeon Kim) 대한인간공학회 2021 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11
Objective: 본 연구는 인삼 단위작업들에 대한 신체부위별 작업 자세분석을 통해, 지체(상지/하지) 장애인이 수행 가능한 단위작업을 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. Background: 현재 국내 농촌 지역은 인구 감소와 고령화로 인해 노동력 부족 현상이 발생하고 있으며, 장애인의 경우 2017년 기준 취업률이 50.1%로 많은 수의 장애인이 미취업 상태로 있어, 장애인의 농촌 지역 취업 지원은 농촌의 고령화에 따른 일손 부족 현상을 해결할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 장애인의 경제적 자립에도 큰 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다. Method: 본 연구는 선행연구를 참고하여 인삼의 세부 단위 작업 분석 후 농가 현장방문을 통해 단위작업별 작업 영상과 작업점(수평, 수직 거리) 등과 같은 다양한 작업 환경조사를 수행하였다. 조사 내용을 바탕으로 각 단위작업 별 작업점을 실험실 내 환경에 적용하였으며, 비장애인 성인 남성 2명을 대상으로 모션캡처(Xsens) 장비를 착용 후 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 비장애인의 단위작업별, 신체부위(어깨, 허리, 팔꿈치, 손목, 무릎)별 동작범위(Range of Motion)를 도출하였다. 도출된 각 신체별 동작범위를 지체 장애인의 신체부위별 동작범위와 비교하여 각 단위작업별 작업성을 도출하였으며, 모든 5개 신체부위의 작업성 평가 결과를 기반으로 지체 장애인이 수행 가능한 단위작업들을 제안하고자 하였다. Results: 인삼의 15개 세부 단위 작업들의 농가 현장 조사 결과, 작업점의 수직 거리 범위와 수평거리 범위는 각각 30~120㎝와 30~80㎝로 나타났다. 인삼 15개 단위 작업 중 13개 작업에 대하여 실험실 기반 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 상지/하지 지체장애인의 작업성을 평가한 결과, 상지 지체장애인과 하지 지체장애인의 단위작업별 작업성에는 큰 차이 없었으며, 파종(수작업, 파종기), 해가림 설치(지주목 설치, 보조연목 고정, 차양막 설치), 병충해 방제, 채종 관리, 물주기 등 7개 단위작업은 평균 작업성이 80%이상이였으며, 모든 신체부위의 작업성이 70%이상을 보였다. 다만, 나머지 6개 단위작업의 경우 평균 작업성이 80%미만으로 나타났으며, 특히 허리(평균 작업성 - 20%)와 무릎(평균 작업서 - 62%) 부위에서 다른 부위보다 낮은 작업성을 보였다. Conclusion: 인삼 13개 작업에 대한 작업성 평가결과, 상지/하지 지체 장애인이 수행 가능한 단위작업은 평균 작업성 80%이상인 7개 단위작업이였으며, 80%미만의 수행이 어려운 6개 단위작업의 경우 허리와 무릎의 작업 자세를 개선할 수 있도록 작업환경을 개선한다면 작업성을 높일 수 있다고 판단된다. 추후에는 노지채소와 시설채소 등 다른 작목에 대하여 지체장애인의 작업 수행 가능성을 평가하고자 한다. Application: 본 연구는 지체장애인의 인삼의 단위작업별 농작업 수행을 위한 최적의 작업환경 및 자세에 대한 가이드라인으로 활용될 수 있다고 사료된다.
광삼효과를 이용한 흑백 대비에서의 여러 글자크기에 대한 주관적 평가와 분석
공용구(Yong-Ku Kong),김대민(Dae-Min Kim),손성태(Seong-Tae Sohn),한준구(Jun-Goo Han) 대한인간공학회 2010 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.29 No.1
Irradiation is a phenomenon that causes white objects on a black background to appear to spread into near dark backgrounds, but the reverse is not. In this study, the effects of font size and thickness of letters on the legibility were investigated in combinations of black letters/white background as well as white letters/black background. Ten subjects who had been no disease of eyes and their eyesight is over 1.0 were recruited and tested subjective assessments of letter sizes for various font sizes (2pt to 80pt) and thickness of letters (normal, bold) under 600lux illumination and 50㎝-distance of eyes and target letters for this study. Ming-style font type which was generally used in text of books, papers, and joumals were tested in this study. Results showed that generally people subjectively assessed the white letters on black background (W/B) were larger sizes of letters than the black letters on white background (B/W) even both letter sizes were the same in both nomlal and bold thickness of letters. This phenomenon was happened in case of only over 22 font size (with border line about 22-24pts). Less than 22 font sizes, many people reported that both letters (W/B and B/W) are looks the same sizes in normal as well as bold letters. These findings were interpreted also by the in"adiation phenomenon and more detail information was presented in this manuscript.