SELDI-TOF MS를 이용한 유방암 환자 진단을 위한 새로운 혈청 표지자의 개발

정용식,김호승,윤태일,전미선,윤용달,이용성,이기환,김혜진,김명욱,박희붕 한국유방암학회 2004 한국유방암학회지 Vol.7 No.1

헬리코박터 파이로리 균 진단용 ^13C-요소 캅셀의 개발

용철순,김용일,김지만,강성훈,권기철,이종달,김종국,사홍기,최한곤 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2002 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.11 No.-

The purpose of this study was to develop a new ^13C-urea-containing capsule for diagnosis of H.pylori. The urea-containing capsules were prepared with various diluents such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), microcrystaline cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate and citric acid. The dissolution test, ^13C-urea breath test and stability test were then performed on the capsules. Microcrystalline cellulose and sodium lauryl sulfate retarded the initial dissolution rates of urea. However, PEG increased the initial dissolution rates of urea. Furthermore, two formulae composed of PEG,[^13C-urea/PEG (38/1.9 mg/cap)] and [^13C-urea/PEG (38/1.9/1.9 mg/cap)] had the maximum DOB value. about 16 at 20 min, while the formula composed of only 38 mg ^13C-urea had the maximum DOB value at 30 min. The results indicated that PEG improved the sensitivity of ^13C-urea in the human volunteers. The capsule [^13C-urea/PEG (38/1.9 mg/cap)] was stable for at least six months in 25 and 37℃. Thus, a PEG-containing capsule, [^13C-urea/PEG (38/1.9 mg/cap)] would be a more economical, sensitive and stable perparation for diagnosis of H. pylori.

헬리코박터 파이로리 균 진단용 ^13C-요소 캅셀의 개발

용철순,김용일,김지만,강성훈,권기철,이종달,김종국,사홍기,최한곤 한국약제학회 2002 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.32 No.1

The purpose of this study was to develop a new ^13C-urea- containing capsule for diagnosis of H. pylori. The urea-containing capsules were prepared with various diluents such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), microcrystalline cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate and citric acid. The dissolution test, ^13C-urea breath test and stability test were then performed on the capsules. Microcrystalline cellulose and sodium lauryl sulfate retarded the initial dissolution rates of urea. However, PEG increased the initial dissolution rates of urea. Furthermore, two formulae composed of PEG, [^13C-urea/PEG (38/1.9 mg/cap)] and [^13C-urea/PEG/citric acid (38/1.9/1.9 mg/cap)] had the maximum DOB value, about 16 at 20 mim, while the formula composed of only 38 mg ^13C-urea had the maximum DOB value at 30 min. The results indicated that PEG improved the sensitivity of ^13C-urea in the human volunteers. The capsule [^13C-urea/PEG (38/1.9 mg/cap)] was stable for at least six months in 25 and 37℃. Thus, a PEG-containing capsule, [^13C-urea/PEG (38/1.9 mg/cap)] would be a more economical, sensitive and stable preparation for diagnosis of H. pylori.

아세클로페낙 연질캡슬(클란자 에스 연질캡슬)의 개발

용철순,이경희,최진석,박병주,정세현,김용일,박상만,배명수,김귀자,김영식,유창훈,강성룡,유봉규,이종달,최한곤 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.1

To develop and aceclofenac soft capsule, four preparations with various solubilizers were prepared and their dissolution test was carried out. Among four preparations tested, a preparation with ethanolamine was selected a formula of aceclofenac soft capsule (Clanza S^(™), since it showed the fastest dissolution rate. Bioequivalence of aceclofenac tablet, Airtal^(™)(Dae-Woong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and aceclofenac soft capsule, Clanza S^(™)(Korea United Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was evaluated according to the guideline of KFDA. Fourteen normal male volunteers (age 20-25 years old) were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After oral administration of one tablet or capsule containing 100 ㎎ of aceclofenac, blood ws taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of aceclofenac in plasma wa determined with an HPLC method under UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters (C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t)) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC_(t), C_(max) and T_(max) between Airtal tablet and Clanza soft capsule were 2.89%, 0.18% and 43.0%, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.250(e.g.log(0.81) - log(1.23) and log(0.89) - log(1.14)) for AUC_(t) and C_(max), respectively. Thus, the criteria of the KDFA guidelines for the equivalence was satisfied, indicating that Clanza S^(™) soft capsule is bioequivalent to Airtal^(™) tablet.

폴록사머를 이용한 디클로페낙 고형 좌제의 개발

용철순,오유경,김정애,김용일,박상만,양준호,이종달,최한곤 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.2

To develop a poloxamer-based solid suppository with poloxamer mixtures, the melting points of various formulations composed of P 124 and P 188 were investigated. To investigate the effect of poloxamer to the dissolution and dissolution mechanism of diclofenac sodium from the suppository the dissolution of diclofenac sodium delivered by the poloxamer-based suppository was performed. Furthermore, to investigate the mucoadhesive property of the poloxamer-based solid suppository, the identification test in the rectum was carried out after its rectal administration in rats. The poloxamer mixtures composed of P 124 and P 188 were homogeneous. Very small amounts of P 188 affected the melting points of poloxamer mixtures. In particular, the poloxamer mixture [P 124/P 188 (97/3%)] with the melting point of about 32℃ was a solid form at room temperature and instantly melted at physiological temperature. Furthermore, very small amounts of P 188 in the poloxamer-based suppository hardly affected the dissolution rates of diclofenac sodium from the suppository. Dissolution mechanism analysis showed the dissolution of diclofenac sodium was proportional to the time. At 4 h after administration, the blue color of poloxamer-based suppository [diclofenac sodium/poloxamer mixture (2.5/97.5%)] with the P 124/P 188 ratio of (97/3%) and blue lake in the rectum was faded. However, the position of suppository in the rectum did not significantly change with time. Thus, it retained in the rectum for at least 4 h. Our results indicated that the poloxamer-based solid suppository with P 124 and P 188 would be a candidate of rectal dosage from for diclofenac sodium.

프레탈정 (실로스타졸 100mg)에 대한 실로스탄정 (한국유나이티드 제약)의 생물학적 동등성

용철순,이경희,최진석,박병주,정세현,김용일,박상만,유봉규,이종달,최한곤 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.2

Bioequivalence of one cilostazol tablets, the Pletaal^(R)(Korea Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Cilostan^(R)(Korea united Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), was evaluated according to the guideline of KFDA. Sixteen normal male volunteers(age 20~30 years old)were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 100㎎ of cilostazol were orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of cilostazol in plasma was determined with an HPLC method using UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters(C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t)) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of parameter. The results showed that the differences in C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) between one tablet were 16.08%, 18.88% and 17.57%, respectively. The powers (1-β) for C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) were 85.03%, 83.92% and 80.12%, respectively. Detectable differences(Δ) and confidence intervals were all less than 20%, and confidence interval of all the parameters were also less than 20% at the significance level(α) of 0.05. All of these parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Cilostan^(R) tablet is bioequivalent to Pletaal^(R) tablet.

Stephen Crane 연구

정달용 홍익대학교 인문과학연구소 2000 人文科學 Vol.8 No.-

From time immemorial, there have many wars among human being on the earth, and these wars have inspired many writers to produce many outstanding masterpieces. In 1895, Stephen Crane published The Red Badge of Courage, the extraordinary revelation of the mind and heart of a raw recruit. He had never seen a battle. Yet he seemed to understand the psychology of men in battle better than those who had actually been present at armed struggles. Crane thinks that man becomes disciplined and develops in character, conscience, or soul by immersion in the flux of experience. He also thinks that potentialities for change are at their greatest in battle. In The Open Boat the death of Oiler symbolizes nature's injustice, her treachery and indifference. The whole meaning of The Open Boat is focused in the death of the oilier. The Open Boat is the direct manifestation of Crane's belief that no man can interpret life without just experiencing it. Maggie is not so much about the slums as a physical reality as about what people believe in the slums and how their beliefs are both false to their experience and yet function as operative forces in their lives. Crane's point is that Maggie comes through the mud-puddle of her physical environment untouched. It is only when her environment becomes a moral force that she is destroyed. Maggie as a symbol of purity in a mud-puddle is Crane's means of enforcing his large irony that purity is destroyed not by concrete evils but by the very moral codes established to safeguard it. Stephen Crane always tried to find out the problems caused by inner conflict. He had manifested a particular ability in articulating human's inner conflict. The Crane's original desire was to articulate though his techniques about human psychological conflicts under deterministic nature. In this matter Crane's main emphasis is put upon, whether in external or in the subconscious, the primitive force of organic life directing the petty actions of individual man. Irony is Crane's chief technical instrument. It is the key to our understanding of the man and of his novels. This study has tried to understand Crane and his literary universe and identify the forces probed through analytical psychology or inner conflicts of human. Among the writers who pioneered naturalism in America, Stephen Crane made considerable contributions to American literature. He attained a considerable amount of success in his effort to depict human life in terms of naturalistic techniques.

칠레 경제의 세계화 전략

김달용 조선대학교 인문학연구소 1998 外國文化硏究 Vol.21 No.1

Chile ha sostenido en la de´cada pasada una alta tasa del crecimiento econo´mico debido a de la implementacio´n de una amplia gama del programa de reforma, que no se ha visto antes en otros pai´ses latinoamericanos. Por este motivo, el caso chileno es un ejemplo de la reestructuacio´n, la liberalizacio´n de mercado y la estabilizacio´n socioecono´mica, tanto para los pai´ses latinoamericanos como para los pai´ses de la Europa Oriental. Estos exitosos acontecimientos econo´micos, ante todo se han atribuido a las buenas poli´ticas o estrategi´as ecino´micas que se han llevado a cabo durante el re´gimen militar de Pinochet en un peri´odo de 17 an~os; y subsiguientemente, continuado por el re´gimen civil que fue transferido paci´ficamente en 1990. A partir del fin de an~o de 1973, el gobierno de Pinochet adopto´ una poli´tica de "Apertura Unilateral" que se basa en el teorema neo-cla´sico de Milton Fridman o de los "Nin~os de Chicago". La primera tarea que el gobierno de Pinochet enfrento´, era resolver el problema de la inflacio´n, que habia llegado a un 600 por ciento, y la inestabilidad social. Para solucionar tales problemas. Pinochet dio prioridad a la poli´tica de libre mercado y privatizacio´n. Por supuesto, se movilizaron todas las alternativas, tales como la liberalizacio´n, la inversio´n extranjera, la privatizacio´n, la insercio´n al mercado internacional y de capitalizacio´n, las cuales han sido factores esenciales que llevan a Chile en trayectoria de la globalizacio´n del mundo actual. Esta econo´mica de Pinochet ha sido transferida a los gobiernos civiles sin mayores modificaciones. Es decir, la poli´tica del libre mercado y privatizacio´n es uno de los pilares de la globalizacio´n chilena. Chile so´lo se ve obligado a modificar en parte la poli´tica econo´mica de la "Apertura Unilateral" a la "Apertura Bilateral" o "la Multilateral" para mejorar el acceso al mercado internacional en un marco de globalizacio´n. En tal sentido, se puede decir que la globalizacio´n chilena empezo´ desde 1973 en el campo del comercio exterior y la inversio´n estranjera. Sin embargo, la verdadera globalizacio´n chilena se ha llevado a cabo de partir de 1990, cuando el gobierno de Patricio Aylwin tomo´ el poder, pues la verdadera incersio´n chilena al mercado mundial se ha realizado desde ese entonces. Desde entonces, Chile se hizo socio de la APEC, suscribio´ el acuerdo para al MERCOSUR y a la UE como socio completo y tambie´n firmo´ el acuerdo bilateral para el libre comercio con Canada´. La estrategi´a de globalizacio´n Chilena tiene por objeto extablecer una trayectoria multilateral para tener mejor poder de negociacio´n con Estados Unidos, en particular, y can la UE, aprovechando la APEC como pilar central, y los MERCOSUR y UE como subcentrales. Desde el punto de vista estrate´gico para el desarrollo econo´mico, la globalizacio´n chilena se basa en minimizar la intervencio´n estatal, y en su lugar, en dejar sus motores principales de crecimiento econo´mico a los sectores privados, para reestructurar sus mercados interiores de manera ma´s abierta y competitiva. En realidad, este modelo econo´mico empezo´ a lograr resultados visibles desde 1997 en los siguientes contextos. 910 Crecimiento del PIB, del empleo, del ahorro y la inversio´n. (2) Disminucio´n de la inflacio´n que se habia acumulado en 7 an~os consecutivos. (3) Expansio´n del comercio exterior y la diversificacio´n de los mercados en ultramar. (4) Sostenido crecimiento en la entrada de inversio´n extranjera. Como se ve en anterior, el modelo econo´mico de libre mercado sostenido en los 17 an~os del re´gimen militar fue transferido exitosamente al re´gimen civil desde 1990, a pesar de que habi´a muchas diferencias entre los dos regi´menes en cuanto al contexto ideolo´gico. El caso chileno nos indica que los respectivos gobiernos chilenos han tratado con sus asuntos econo´micos no por medios poli´ticos sino por estrategias econo´micas, ampliando la participacio´n del sector privado. Es decir, tanto los vi´nculos entre los poli´ticos y los empresarios, como los pre´stamos sobre la base de clientelismo, se controlaron efectivamente por medio de una rigurosa disciplina social y una seguimiento de las reglas del juego econo´mico. Entonces, es una ironi´a ver dos distintas realidades de Corea y Chile. Lo que no pasa por alto es que la verdadera globalizacio´n no se puede realizar con una estructura distorsionada, relajacio´n moral y pura espuma de crecimiento econo´mico. En este sentido, el caso chileno nos motiva a preguntar "??que´ es la verdadera globalizacio´n?".

N-benzoyl과 N-benzylaniline류의 광화학

박용태,이익형,윤달호 慶北大學校 自然科學大學 1986 自然科學論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Several N-benzoylanilines were prepared by adding aniline into the hot substituted benzoyl chlorides for photochemical reaction studies. N-benzylanilines were also synthesized by reacting appropriated benzyl halides with anilines. N-benzoyl or N-benzylanilines in the deaerated benzene solution or acetonitrile-water solution in presence of hydroxide were irradiated with 100W-mercury arc lamp. N,N-dibenzoylaniline and N,N-bis-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-aniline gave photo-Fries type reaction products effectively. N-(o-chlorobenzyl)aniline gave photo-cyclized reaction products in the base condition and photo-Fries type reaction products in the deaerated benzene solution.

傳票會計의 關係 諸法規上 問題點의 分析

李容達 東亞大學校 1968 東亞論叢 Vol.5 No.-

The author attempted to examine the relation between slip-accounting which is necessarily introduced for the rationalization of accounting business, one of business components and commercial law, law of taxation and various laws which are directly related, while he analysed the problems of these laws which are accompanied by the introduction to the accounting system of slip-accounting. (a) Introduction to the accounting system of slip-accounting. In order to develop the principle of non-books business to accounting system, vouchers and accounting slip shall be made one body and then make these into all the necessary books. The problems in the law of taxation and commercial law by the introduction of slip-accounting to an accounting system shall be for the company including clerk in charge. (b) The problem in the law of taxation of slip-accounting. 1) The sort of books in green return. The law of corporate income tex requires the applicants of green return to provide with required books necessary for its income calculation and to record required items. However, as it does not particularly prescribe about the system and form of books in this case, it can be adopted at will so as to be suitable for the actual conditions in the type of business, business status or management scale. Accordingly, if it is provided with all these conditions as slip-accounting, it will be reasonable for us to regard it as the book which the law of taxation requires. 2) Synthetic examination in the law of taxation. We can find out that the principle No. 1 "original voucher is transferred to purpose voucher" is recognized by book in the law of taxation with our synthetic arrangement and examination of each clause of taxation law on slip-accounting. Not only binding general books for the active management, the 2nd principle but also loose-leaf system, card system, binder, or what are managed and kept under a regular order can be regarded as books. (c) The problems in the commercial law of slip-accounting. It strictly requires in the commercial law to provide with books, but since it does not prescribe its contents concretely, it does not matter as long as recording procedure, mutual relation are correctly arranged and the filing is complied with the actual circumstances. Therefore, to introduce the slip-accounting to the accounting organizaticn can be also reasonable in the commercial law as it is in the law of taxation. The slip-accounting is a means for the business administration only but not for its purpose. At the same time, the insufficient essentials in the booking account are improved for better. Accordingly, in the actual performance of business accounting principles which possess of the important significances as the actual work guide, it should comply with the laws pertaining to the finance and economic laws in commercial law, the law of taxation and other various laws as mentioned in the foregoing.