Localization of α-, γ-, and δ-tubulin in the hypotrich ciliate Stylonychia pustulata (Hyportrichida, Ciliophora)

Fei Yin,Fukang Gu,Xin Sheng,Quanxin Gao,Qili Li,Zhaohong Shi 한국통합생물학회 2013 Animal cells and systems Vol.17 No.4

Ciliature microtubular organelles, which organize into ciliary units, are highly complex microtubular systems. Toinvestigate the formation of ciliature microtubular organelles and the role that different tubulins play in this process,we examined the distribution and function of α-, γ-, and δ-tubulins in the hypotrich ciliate Stylonychia pustulata. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that α-tubulin localized to all microtubular organelles, while γ- and δ-tubulinscolocalized at basal bodies. Immunogold labeling revealed that γ- and δ-tubulins colocalize to the proximalpart of basal bodies, suggesting that γ- and δ-tubulins probably interact and may function together. In addition, thepermanent localization of γ-tubulin to the adoral zone of membranelles suggests that γ-tubulin play a role in themaintenance of oral ciliature base-associated microtubules, but does not play a role in the biogenesis of theseciliature. We observe that δ-tubulin is restricted to the basal body and the connective fibers of the basal body,suggesting this protein may be required for the extension and stability of the microtubules in these structures. Dramatically different concentrations of these three tubulins were observed in the cytoskeleton and the insoluble andsoluble fractions of the cell, suggesting that these highly related proteins perform different functions in S. pustulata.

RPTOR methylation in the peripheral blood and breast cancer in the Chinese population

Yin Yifei,Lei Shuifang,Li Lixi,Yang Xiaoqin,Yin Qiming,Xu Tian,Zhou Wenjie,Li Hong,Gu Wanjian,Ma Fei,Yang Rongxi,Zhang Zhengdong 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.4

Background: Altered regulatory-associated protein of mTOR, complex 1 (RPTOR) methylation levels in peripheral blood was originally discovered as breast cancer (BC)-associated risk factor in Caucasians. Objective: To explore the relationship between RPTOR methylation and BC in the Chinese population, we conducted two independent case-control studies. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from a total of 333 sporadic BC cases and 378 healthy female controls for the DNA extraction and bisulfite-specific PCR amplification. Mass spectrometry was applied to quantitatively measure the levels of methylation. The logistic regression, Spearman's rank correlation, and Non-parametric tests were used for the statistical analyses. Results: In our study, we found an association between BC and RPTOR_CpG_4 hypomethylation in the general population (per-10% of methylation, OR 1.29, P = 0.012), and a weak association between BC and RPTOR_CpG_8 hypomethylation in the women with older age (per-10% of methylation, OR 2.34, P = 0.006). We also identified age as a confounder for the change of RPTOR methylation patterns, especially at RPTOR_CpG_4, which represented differential methylation comparing age groups especially in the BC cases (age < 50 years vs age ≥ 50 years by Mann-Whitney U test, P < 0.0001 for BC cases and P = 0.079 for controls). Conclusion: Our study validated the association between hypomethylation of RPTOR and BC risk in the Chinese population also with weak effect and mostly for postmenopausal women. In addition, our findings provided novel insight for the regulation of DNA methylation upon aging or the change of hormone levels.

Analysis of differentially expressed proteins between the spinetoram-susceptible and -resistant strains of Plutella xylostella (L.)

Fei Yin,Qing Sheng Lin,Xia Feng,Huan-yu Chen,Zhen-yu Li,Zhen-di Hu 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.1

Plutella xylostella (L.), aworldwide vegetable pest, has developed resistance to spinetoram,whichwas previously effective for the control of P. xylostella (L.). The insecticidal resistance mechanismis essential to develop effective resistance management strategies. To explore the spinetoram resistance mechanism, a comparative proteomics approach was used to investigate the proteomic differences between the spinetoram-susceptible strain (SS) and spinetoram-resistant strain (RS) of P. xylostella (L.). Approximately 280 protein spotswere detected on each SDSPAGE gel. Of these, 19 proteinswere successfully identified byMALDI-TOF-MS.·Therewere 6 significantly downregulated spots and 13 up-regulated spots in RS, which showed significantly difference compared to that in SS. Based on the gene ontology(GO) system and KEGG database, the 19 identified proteins were classified into 6 groups includingmetabolisms, signal transduction, chaperones, transcriptional, protein synthesis, structural protein. Meanwhile, the expression profiles of 5 resistant related protein were further analysed by qRT-PCR. The results showed that 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2, glutathione S-transferase isozyme 3 and glutathione Stransferase deltawere significantly up-regulated,while phosphoglyceratemutase and receptor for activated protein kinase C homolog were significantly down-regulated. The expression tendency of mRNA was in accordance with which of protein. This study provided evidences that spinetoram induces proteomic changes in P. xylostella (L.), and it is contributed to help us understand the resistance mechanism of P. xylostella (L.) to spinetoram.

Optimized Medium Improves Expression and Secretion of Extremely Thermostable Bacterial Xylanase, XynB, in Kluyveromyces Lactis

( Yin Tie ),( Li Li Miao ),( Fei Fei Guan ),( Gui Li Wang ),( Qing Peng ),( Bing Xue Li ),( Guo Hua Guan ),( Ying Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.11

An extremely thermostable xylanase gene, xynB, from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima MSB8 was successful expressed in Kluyveromyces lactis. The response surface methodology (RSM) was also applied to optimize the medium components for the production of XynB secreted by the recombinant K. lactis. The secretion level (102 mg/l) and enzyme activity (49 U/ml) of XynB in the optimized medium (yeast extract, lactose, and urea; YLU) were much higher than those (56 mg/l, 16 U/ml) in the original medium (yeast extract, lactose, and peptone; YLP). The secretory efficiency of mature XynB was also improved when using the YLU medium. When the mRNA levels of 13 characterized secretion-related genes in the K. lactis cultured in YLP and YLU were detected using a semiquantitative RT-PCR method, the unfolded protein response (UPR)-related genes, including ero1, hac1, and kar2, were found to be up-regulated in the K. lactis cultured in YLU. Therefore, the nutrient ingredients, especially the nitrogen source, were shown to have a significant influence on the XynB secretory efficiency of the host K. lactis.

Discussing On RFID Tag Conflict Problem

Dai Yin-fei,Li Nian-feng,Zong Ying-yong 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.3

This paper introduces the basic concept, development process, key technology of RFID and related theory. And in view of the key technology of RFID, anti collision algorithm is analyzed. Tag collision algorithm is to solve the reading and writing implement effective communications within the scope of multiple tags at the same time, speaking, reading and writing for communication problems. Under the condition of keep a certain complexity and cost, minimize the search time, improve the efficiency of recognition, is the direction and trend of algorithms. Through the comparison of several kinds of algorithm for collision, clear the necessity of the collision algorithm is improved. The author select dynamic frame ALOHA algorithm, introduces in detail the improved algorithm, and apply it to the system, to improve the recognition efficiency.

Research on Several Multicast Routing Algorithms

Dai Yin-fei,Liu Ming-hui 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.3

This paper first describes the dynamic multicast routing and routing optimization standard, then puts forward the RPL protocol based energy efficient DODAG multicast routing algorithm. Through simulation experiments, we can compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of several kinds of dynamic multicast routing algorithm. And according to the simulation results obtained conclusion, EE - DODAG multicast in the process of each packet sent after more a small amount of forwarding nodes, and consume less energy in survival time.

Comparative transcriptome analysis to identify genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in Agriophyllum squarrosum, a folk medicinal herb native to Asian temperature deserts

Yin Xiaoyue,Yan-Xia Liu,Qian Chaoju,Zhou Shanshan,Fang Tingzhou,Fan Xingke,Gao yuan,Chang Yuxiao,Yang Jian,Ma Xiao-Fei 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.3

Agriophyllum squarrosum is a folk Mongolian medicine with pleiotropic pharmacological and ecological economic importance endemic to Asian temperature deserts. Terpenoids play critical roles in biotic and abiotic stresses due to their antioxidative activities. Based on non-targeted metabolomic analysis, we detected eight terpenoids enriched in the above-ground tissues of A. squarrosum, however, the molecular mechanism underlying terpenoids biosynthesis in this desert medicinal plant is rarely understood. Here, a comparative transcriptome analysis of diferent tissues in A. squarrosum was conducted to identify 84 unigenes encoding key enzymes in the upstream backbone biosynthesis and 53 unigenes encoding the downstream enzymes for terpenoid diversifcation. Most of the upstream genes exhibited signifcant high expression levels in leaf, and some of which were validated by qRT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis showed that two downstream gene families OSCs (oxidosqualene cyclases) and TPSs (mainly in terpene synthases -g subfamily) had undergone notable gene expansions in A. squarrosum comparing with the other Amaranthaceae plant species and Arabidopsis. Nevertheless, most members from these two gene families showed the tissue-specifc expression in A. squarrosum, which supported the diversifcation and tissue-specifc enrichment of terpenoids across above-ground tissues. Considering to the habitat characteristics of A. squarrosum, we proposed that the enrichment of terpenoids and the functional diversifcation of terpenoids biosynthesis enzymes were more or less involved into its adaptation to stressful environments of deserts. These results expand the available genetic information underlying terpenoid biosynthesis in A. squarrosum, and contribute to deeper researches on pharmaceutical and eco-agricultural applications in this desert medicinal plant.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng counteract aberrant autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of mice with cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Yin Cao,Yingbo Yang,Hui Wu,Yi Lu,Shuang Wu,Lulu Liu,Changhong Wang,Fei Huang,Hailian Shi,Beibei Zhang,Xiaojun Wu,Zhengtao Wang 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioningat molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegenerationin the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and theunderlying molecular mechanism of stemeleaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormalneuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory inducedby SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronalmorphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined bytransmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transienttransfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin Vstaining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected byWestern blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h,accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampalneurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycinand re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transductionin HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probablythrough suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings maycontribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disordersassociated with SD.

The electrocatalysis of Mn-Co3O4/CeO2@C particles with different Ce content modified Ti/PbO2 anode and its application for copper electrodeposition

Yin Zihang,He Ruibo,Nie Fei,Wei Zhen,Jia Bo,Feng Qing,Fu Xiaolong,Zhang Wenyan 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.12

The oxygen evolution kinetics of industrial copper electrodeposition is slow, resulting in low electrocatalytic activity and high energy consumption. In this work, a quaternary composite of carbon coated active particles containing Mn, Co and Ce were prepared (Mn-Co3O4/CeO2@C), and Ti/Sb-SnO2/PbO2 electrode doped with these active particles was prepared by co-electrodeposition. The microstructure and chemical composition of the electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel polarization curve (Tafel) were used to study the electrochemical properties of anode materials. The results showed that the doping of Mn-Co3O4/CeO2@C active particles promoted the crystal transition of PbO2, decreased the average grain size, and the doping of Ce increases the average valence state of Co. The modified titanium electrode showed excellent catalytic activity of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) characteristics. The overpotential of the doped Ti/Sb-SnO2/PbO2 anode was only 453 mV when the current density was 20 mA cm−2 in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, which is 508 mV lower than that of the undoped Ti/Sb-SnO2/PbO2 anode. In simulated copper electro-deposition experiments, the cell voltage was reduced by about 400 mV, compared to the undoped Ti/Sb-SnO2/PbO2 electrode.

Adjustable and extensible hexagonal acoustic metamaterial cell combining multiple parallel Helmholtz resonators with optional apertures

Fei Yang,Shaohua Bi,Xinmin Shen,Xiaocui Yang,Xinqing Wang,Xiangpo Zhang,Jinhong Xue,Xiaonan Zhang,Qin Yin,Juying Dai,Wenqiang Peng,Jingwei Zhu,Junhong Ren 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.12

To prevent noise pollution, a hexagonal acoustic metamaterial cell combining multiple parallel Helmholtz resonators with optional apertures is proposed. There were 6 trapezoidal chambers and 6 triangular chambers, and each front panel had 6 different apertures, which meant that there were 6 12 = 2176782336 possible permutations. The distribution of sound pressures obtained by acoustic finite element simulation revealed the acoustic absorption mechanism, which provided effective guidance to alter the absorption capacity. For certain scenarios, the acoustic absorption performance was optimized by the joint combination of artificial neural network and acoustic finite element simulation. Through manufacturing and testing the sample, actual average acoustic absorption coefficients were achieved at 0.6733, 0.7296, 0.8785 and 0.7065 for the target frequency ranges 350-950 Hz, 400-1000 Hz, 500-800 Hz and 350-700 Hz, respectively, with total thickness 40 mm. The tunable acoustic absorption property proved that the hexagonal acoustic metamaterial cell was appropriate for noise reduction with variable frequency ranges.