Expression of Fas/FasL in CD8⁺ T and CD3⁺ Foxp3⁺ Treg Cells - Relationship with Apoptosis of Circulating CD8⁺ T Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Guo, Cun-Li,Yang, Xiu-Hua,Cheng, Wen,Xu, Yi,Li, Jie-Bing,Sun, Yi-Xin,Bi, Yu-Mei,Zhang, Lei,Wang, Qiu-Cheng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Aims: Dysfunction of the host immune system in cancer patients can be due to a number of factors, including lymphocyte apoptosis. Several studies showed that $Foxp3^+T$ cells take part in inducing this process by expressing FasL in tumor patients. However, the relationship between apoptosis, $CD8^+T$ cells and $Foxp3^+T$ cells in HCC patients is still unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the correlation between apoptosis levels and Fas/FasL expression in $CD8^+T$ lymphocytes and $Foxp3^+T$ cells in patients with HCC. Methods: $CD8^+T$ cells and $CD3^+Foxp3^+T$ cells were tested from peripheral blood of HCC patients and normal controls and subjected to multicolor flow cytometry. The expression of an apoptosis marker (annexin V) and the death receptor Fas in $CD8^+T$ cells and FasL in $CD3^+Foxp3^+T$ cells were evaluated. Serum TGF-${\beta}1$ levels in patients with HCC were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between apoptosis and Fas expression, as well as FasL expression in $CD3^+Foxp3^+T$ cells was then evaluated. Results: The frequency of $CD8^+T$ cells binding annexin V and Fas expression in $CD8^+T$ cells, were all higher in HCC patients than normal controls and the proportion of apoptotic $CD8^+T$ cells correlated with their Fas expression. Serum TGF-${\beta}1$ levels correlated inversely with $CD3^+Foxp3^+T$ cells. Conclusions: Fas/FasL interactions might lead to excessive turnover of $CD8^+T$ cells and reduce anti-tumor immune responses in patients with HCC. Further investigations of apoptosis induction in $Fas^+CD8^+T$ cells in vitro are required.

Vp28 of Shrimp White Spot Syndrome Virus Is Involved in the Attachment and Penetration into Shrimp Cells

( Guo Hua Yi ),( Zhi Min Wang ),( Yi Peng Qi ),( Lun Guang Yao ),( Juan Qian ),( Long Bo Hu ) 생화학분자생물학회 2004 BMB Reports Vol.37 No.6

White spot disease (WSD) is caused by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which results in devastating losses to the shrimp farming industry around the world. However, the mechanism of virus entry and spread into the shrimp cells is unknown. A binding assay in vitro demonstrated VP28-EGFP (envelope protein VP28 fused with enhanced green fluorescence protein) binding to shrimp cells. This provides direct evidence that VP28-EGFP can bind to shrimp cells at pH 6.0 within OS It However, the protein was observed to enter the cytoplasm 3 h post-adsorption. Meanwhile, the plaque inhibition test showed that the polyclonal antibody against VP28 (a major envelope protein of WSSV) could neutralize the WSSV and block an infection with the virus. The result of competition EI,ISA further confirmed that the envelope protein VP28 could compete with WSSV to bind to shrimp cells. Overall, VP28 of the WSSV can bind to shrimp cells as an attachment protein, and can help the virus enter the cytoplasm.

Energy Generation Coupled to Azoreduction by Membranous Vesicles from Shewanella decolorationis S12

( Yi Guo Hong ),( Jun Guo ),( Guo Ping Sun ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2009 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.19 No.1

Previous studies have demonstrated that Shewanella decolorationis S12 can grow on the azo compound amaranth as the sole electron acceptor. Thus, to explore the mechanism of energy generation in this metabolism, membranous vesicles (MVs) were prepared and the mechanism of energy generation was investigated. The membrane, which was fragmentized during preparation, automatically formed vesicles ranging from 37.5-112.5 nm in diameter under electron micrograph observation. Energy was conserved when coupling the azoreduction by the MVs of an azo compound or Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor with H2, formate, or lactate as the electron donor. The amaranth reduction by the vesicles was found to be inhibited by specific respiratory inhibitors, including Cu2+ ions, dicumarol, stigmatellin, and metyrapone, indicating that the azoreduction was indeed a respiration reaction. This finding was further confirmed by the fact that the ATP synthesis was repressed by the ATPase inhibitor N,N`-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD). Therefore, this study offers solid evidence of a mechanism of microbial dissimilatory azoreduction on a subcell level.

Impact of Allogenic and Autologous Transfusion on Immune Function in Patients with Tumors

Guo, Jian-Rong,Xu, Feng,Jin, Xiao-Ju,Shen, Hua-Chun,Liu, Yang,Zhang, Yi-Wei,Shao, Yi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.1

Objective: To observe the effects of allogeneic and autologous transfusion on cellular immunity, humoral immunity and secretion of serum inflammatory factors and perforin during the perioperative period in patients with malignant tumors. Methods: A total of 80 patients (age: 38-69 years; body weight: 40-78 kg; ASA I - II) receiving radical operation for gastro-intestinal cancer under general anesthesia were selected. All the patients were divided into four groups based on the methods of infusion and blood transfusion: blank control group (Group C), allogeneic transfusion group (group A), hemodiluted autotransfusion Group (Group H) and hemodiluted autotransfusion + allogenic transfusion Group (A+H group). Venous blood was collected when entering into the surgery room ($T_0$), immediately after surgery ($T_1$) and 24h ($T_2$), 3d ($T_3$) and 7d ($T_4$) after surgery, respectively. Moreover, flow cytometry was applied to assess changes of peripheral blood T cell subpopulations and NK cells. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were performed to determine levels of IL-2, IL-10, TNF-${\alpha}$ and perforin. Immune turbidimetry was employed to determine the changes in serum immunoglobulin. Results: Both CD3+ and NK cells showed a decrease at $T_1$ and $T_2$ in each group, among which, in group A, CD3+ decreased significantly at $T_2$ (P<0.05) compared with other groups, and CD3+ and NK cell reduced obviously only in group A at $T_3$ and $T_4$ (P<0.05). CD4+ cells and the ratio of D4+/CD8+ were decreased in groups A, C and A+H at $T_1$ and $T_2$ (P<0.05). No significant intra- and inter-group differences were observed in CD8+ of the four groups (P<0.05). IL-2 declined in group C at $T_1$ and $T_2$ (P<0.05) and showed a decrease in group A at each time point (P<0.05). Moreover, IL-2 decreased in group A + H only at $T_1$. No significant difference was found in each group at $T_1$ (P<0.05). More significant decrease in group ?? at $T_2$, $T_3$ and $T_4$ compared with group A (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences among other groups (P>0.05). IL-10 increased at $T_1$ and $T_2$ in each group (P<0.05), in which it had an obvious increase in group A, and increase of IL-10 occurred only in group A at $T_3$ and $T_4$ (P<0.05). TNF-${\alpha}$ level rose at $T_1$ (P<0.05), no inter- and intra-group difference was found in perforin in all groups (P<0.05). Compared with the preoperation, both IgG and IgA level decreased at $T_1$ in each group (P<0.05), and they declined only in Group A at $T_2$ and $T_3$ (P<0.05), and these parameters were back to the preoperative levels in other groups. No significant differences were observed between preoperative and postoperative IgG and IgA levels in each group at $T_4$ (P>0.05). No obvious inter- and intra-group changes were found in IgM in the four groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: Allogeneic transfusion during the perioperative period could obviously decrease the number of T cell subpopulations and NK cells and the secretion of stimulating cytokines and increase the secretion of inhibiting cytokines in patients with malignant tumors, thus causing a Th1/Th2 imbalance and transient decreasing in the content of plasma immune globulin. Autologous transfusion has little impact and may even bring about some improvement oo postoperative immune function in patients with tumors. Therefore, cancer patients should receive active autologous transfusion during the perioperative period in place of allogeneic transfusion.

Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution Effects on Perioperative Coagulation in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hepatic Carcinectomy

Guo, Jian-Rong,Jin, Xiao-Ju,Yu, Jun,Xu, Feng,Zhang, Yi-Wei,Shen, Hua-Chun,Shao, Yi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Background: Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) has been widely used to prevent the massive blood loss during hepatic carcinoma. The influences of ANH on coagulation function are still controversy, especially in elderly patients. The study observed ANH effects on coagulation function and fibrinolysis in elderly patients undergoing the disease. Materials and Methods: Thirty elderly patients (aged 60-70 yr) with liver cancer (ASA I or II) taken hepatic carcinectomy from February 2007 to February 2008 were randomly divided into ANH group (n=15) and control group (n=15). After tracheal intubation, patients in ANH group and control group were infused with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) and Ringer's solution, respectively. Blood samples were drawn from patients in both groups at five different time points: before anesthesia induction (T1), 30 min after ANH (T2), 1 h after start of operation (T3), immediately after operation (T4), and 24 h after operation (T5). Then coagulation function, soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC), prothrombin fragment (F1+2), and platelet membrane glycoprotein (CD62P and activated GP IIb/GP IIIa) were measured. Results: The perioperative blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion were recorded during the surgery. The perioperative blood loss was not significantly different between two groups (p>0.05), but the volume of allogeneic blood transfusion in ANH group was significantly less than in control group ($350.0{\pm}70.7$) mL vs. ($457.0{\pm}181.3$) mL (p<0.01). Compared with the data of T1, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) measured after T3 were significantly longer (p<0.05) in both groups, but within normal range. There were no significant changes of thrombin time (TT) and D-dimer between two groups at different time points (p>0.05). SFMC and F1+2 increased in both groups, but were not statistically significant. PAC-1-positive cells and CD62P expressions in patients of ANH group were significantly lower than those at T1 (p<0.05) and T2-T5 (p>0.05). Conclusions: ANH has no obvious impact on fibrinolysis and coagulation function in elderly patients undergoing resection of liver cancer. The study suggested that ANH is safe to use in elderly patients and it could reduce allogeneic blood transfusion.

Fuzzy Controller Design for Discrete-time T-S Fuzzy Systems with Partially Unknown Membership Functions

Guo-Yi Liu,Juan Zhou 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.12

This paper is concerned with the controller design problem for discrete-time T-S fuzzy systems with partially unknown membership functions. If the membership functions are partially unknown, then the existing stabilization conditions which are based on the parallel distributed compensator (PDC) strategy cannot be applied. To tackle this problem, a new type of fuzzy controller is proposed to close the feedback loop. Based on this new type fuzzy controller, some sufficient stabilization conditions, including membership-function-dependent and independent conditions, are given in the form of LMIs. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy controller design approaches.

DNA Repair Gene Polymorphisms Do Not Predict Response to Radiotherapy-Based Multimodality Treatment of Patients with Rectal Cancer: a Meta-analysis

Guo, Cheng-Xian,Yang, Guo-Ping,Pei, Qi,Yin, Ji-Ye,Tan, Hong-Yi,Yuan, Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2

Background: A number of association studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and response to radiotherapy-based multimodality treatment of patients with rectal cancer. However, their conclusions were inconsistent. The objective of the present study was to assess the role of DNA repair gene genetic polymorphisms in predicting genetic biomarkers of the response in rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Materials and Methods: Studies were retrieved by searching the PubMed database, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ISI Web of Knowledge. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between genetic polymorphisms and the response in rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation by checking odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Data were extracted from 5 clinical studies for this meta-analysis. The results showed that XRCC1 RS25487, XRCC1 RS179978, XRCC3 RS861539, ERCC1 RS11615 and ERCC2 RS13181 were not associated with the response in the radiotherapy-based multimodality treatment of patients with rectal cancer (p>0.05). Conclusions: This study shows that DNA repair gene common genetic polymorphisms are not significantly correlated with the radiotherapy-based multimodality treatment in rectal cancer patients.

Adaptive Tracking Control of Nonholonomic Mobile Manipulators Using Recurrent Neural Networks

Guo Yi,Jianxu Mao,Yaonan Wang,Siyu Guo,Zhiqiang Miao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.3

The trajectory tracking problem is considered for a class of nonholonomic mobile manipulators in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances. First, under the assumption that the kinematic subsystem of mobile manipulator is capable of being transformed into the chained form and the dynamic subsystem of mobile manipulator is exactly known without considering external disturbances, a model-based controller is designed at the torque level using backstepping design technology. However, the model-based control may be inapplicable for practical applications, as the uncertainties and disturbances do exist in the dynamics of mobile manipulators inevitably. Thus, a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based control system is developed without requiring explicit knowledge of the system dynamics. The control system comprises a RNN identifier and a compensation controller, in which the RNN is utilized to identify the unknown dynamics on-line, and the compensation controller is presented to compensate the approximation error and external disturbances. The online adaptive laws of the control system are derived in the Lyapunov sense so that the stability of the system can be guaranteed. Finally, simulation results for a wheeled mobile manipulator are provided to show the good tracking performance and robustness of the proposed control method.

Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of UHPFRC-NC Composite Beam

Guo Yi-Hong(궈이홍),Han Sang-Mook(한상묵) 대한토목학회 2009 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Cytotoxic activity and probable apoptotic effect of Sph2, a sphigomyelinase hemolysin from Leptospira interrogans strain Lai

( Yi Xuan Zhang ),( Yan Geng ),( Jun Wei Yang ),( Xiao Kui Guo ),( Guo Ping Zhao ) 생화학분자생물학회 2008 BMB Reports Vol.41 No.2