이면교잡(二面交雜)에 의한 잠체형질(蠶體形質)의 유전분석(遺傳分析) -조합능력(組合能力)의 검정(檢定)-

장권열 ( Kwon Yawl Chang ),한경수 ( Kyung Soo Han ),민병열 ( Byung Yawl Min ) 한국잠사학회 1980 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.22 No.2

잠체의 몇 가지 양적 형질에 관여하는 유전자의 우성 정도, 일반조합능력, 특정조합능력과 일반조합능력의 효과, 특정조합능력의 효과 등을 보기 위하여 누에의 6개 품종을 교배친으로 하여 이면교잡에 의한 F1 세대와 교배친품종을 재료로 유전 분석을 한바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 전령경과일수와 5령 경과일수는 양친평균치보다 F1 세대에서 짧아졌으며, 전령경과일수에 있어서는 heterosis정도가 정역교잡에서 각각 98.28%와 98.45%이었고, 5령 경과일수에 있어서는 각각 97.18%와 97.46%로서 세포질의 영향은 볼 수 없었다. 2. 전견양과 견층양에 있어서는 양친에서나 F1 세대에서 모두 자잠이 웅잠보다 그 값이 크고, 각 교배조합별양친평균치에 대한 heterosis 정도를 보면, 교배조합에 따라서 그 차이가 크며 특히 111×114, 111×연일, 114×연일 조합과 그 역조합인 114×111, 연일×111, 연일×114 조합의 F1에서 정역조합 모두 heterosis 정도가 높았고 통계적으로도 유의성이 인정되었다. 3. 견층비율은 자잠보다 웅잠이 높고, heterosis 정도에 있어서는 전체적으로 볼 때 자잠이 웅잠보다 약간 높으나 113×경추, 114×연일 조합의 자잠에서, 연일×111, 연일×114, 연일×경추의 웅잠에서, 그리고 경추×114조합의 자웅잠에서 heterosis 정도가 크게 나타났으나 견층비율은 교배조합 또는 자웅별로 나타내는 heterosis 정도가 일정한 경향이 없었다. 4. 전령경과일수, 5령 경과일수 그리고 견층비율의 3개 형질에 있어서는 일반조합능력의 값이 특정조합능력의 값보다 컸으나, 전견양과 견층양의 2개 형질은 도리어 특정조합능력의 값이 일반조합능력의 값보다 컸다. 5. 일반조합능력(GCA)의 효과가 비교적 큰 형질은 견층비율이며, 품종별로는 E(경추)품종은 자잠의 견층비율에서, F(연일)품종은 웅잠의 견층비율에서 그 값이 비교적 크게 나타났으며, 특정조합능력(SCA)의 효과가 비교적 큰 형질은 D(114)품종과 F(연일) 품종에서는 전령경과일수와 5령 경과일수의 2개 형질에서, C×F 조합에서는 5령 경과일수에서, D×E조합에서는 견층비율의 자잠에서, D×F조합에서는 웅잠의 견층비율에서 비교적 높은 값을 나타내었다. Diallel crosses among six silkworm varieties were used as the materials by the randomized block design, and combining ability tests were conducted to determine the relationships between parents and their F1 hybrids. The six parents and their 30 F1 crosses were evaluated for five quantitative characters in each female and male silkworms. Mean values of period (days) of larval stage in mid-parent were more than those of each F1 hybrids. Highly significant differences were shown in the total cocoon weight and weight of cocoon layer of silkworms in F1 hybrids of 111×114, 111×yunil, 114×yunil and those of reciprocal crosses. From the results, it was recognized that varieties A(111), D(114) and F(yunil) were useful varieties as the parents in breeding of silkworms for increasing the total cocoon weight and weight of cocoon layer, etc. Differences among crosses in apparent degree of heterosis existed for total cocoon weight of cocoon layer and cocoon layer ratio, etc. Mean square values of GCA (general combining ability) were more greater than those of SCA (specific combining ability) for period(days) of larval stage, period(days) of 5th instar and cocoon layer ratio of silkworms. The effects of GCA were differ from parents and characters and the effects of SCA were also differ from parents, characters and crosses.

상엽수량(桑葉收量)에 영향(影響)하는 상수(桑樹) 제형질(諸形質)의 직접효과(直接效果)와 간접효과(間接效果)

장권열 ( Kwon Yawl Chang ),한경수 ( Kyung Soo Han ),민병열 ( Byung Yawl Min ) 한국잠사학회 1970 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.12 No.-

상수각형질의 상엽수량에 미치는 직접효과와 간접효과를 구명하기 위하여 우리나라 중요상수품종을 재료로 상수의 8형질 상호간의 상관관계를 보고 이들 형질과 수량과의 직접효과와 간접효과를 본바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1, 각 형질 상호간의 표현형상관과 유전상관을 계산하여 본바 제표와 같고 대체로 표현형상관보다 유전상관의 값이 높고 지조직경과 제형질간의 상관의 정도는 비교적 낮으나 기타형질 상호간에 있어서는 높은 상관을 보였다. 수량과 엽종과 다른 형질과의 상관을 보면 지조직경 이외의 지조장, 절간수, 주당지수 지총중, 고지조중, 신초엽중간에는 어느 경우에 있어서도 수량과 높은 유전상관을 보였다. 2. 수량에 미치는 각형질의 직접영향 엽중 즉 수량(y)과 제형질과의 직접적 영향을 본바 제1도와 같이 수량에는 지총중, 절간수, 고지조중의 순서로 수량에 직접 영향하며 기타형질간에는 부의 관계를 나타내었다. 3. 수량에 미치는 각형질의 간접영향 수량에 지형질이 간형적으로 어떻게 영향하는가를 알기 위하여 직접효과와 간접효과를 분할하여 본즉 제2도에서 보는 바와 같다. 지조장이 기어지면 절간수가 증가하고 지조장이 길수록 지총중이 증가되어 결과적으로 수량에 영향한다. 지조직접은 절간수와 지총중에, 주당지수도 절간수와 지총중에, 고지조중과 신초약중도 지초중과 절간수의 증가에 의하여 증가되어 간접적으로 수량의 증가에 영향한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. The studies were intended to clarify the correlations between the characters and the influences upon yield of mulberry trees. The analysis of covariance was used to obtain the genotypic correlations and phenotypic correlations among the eight characters namely branch length, node number, branch diameter, branch number per stock, total branch weight, old branch weight, new shoot and leaf weight, etc., and path-coefficients were calculated by Dewey`s method (5). The results obtained are summarized as follows:1. Genotypic correlations were slightly higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlations between tile characters as shown in Table 1. It could be indicated that hight leaf yield was genetically correlated with almost all characters studied except branch diameter. 2. Leaf yield of mulberry trees was mainly associated with the characters such as node number per branch, total branch weight and old branch weight, etc. 3. Branch length, branch diameter, branch number per stock and new shoot weight had little direct influence upon yield but it had rather considerable indirect influence upon yield by increasing the node number and total branch weight per stock. As a result, it can be concluded that total branch weight is primarily determined by branch number per stock and old branch weight, and in turn the leaf yield of mulberry trees is secondary determined by the node number by increasing the branch diameter and length which are positively correlated with branch number per stock and new shoot weight of mulberry trees.

배추 청방고근 (靑邦苦根) × 무우 울산재래의 속간잡종에 대한 세포유전학적 연구

한창열(Chang Yawl Harn),이병기(Byung Ki Lee) 한국식물학회 1962 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.5 No.3

HARN, Chang Yawl and Byung Ki LEE (Chunpuk National Univ.) Cytogenetical studies on the intergeneric hybrids of Brassica pekinensis and Raphanus sativus. Kor. Jour. Bot. V(3): 21-24, 1962. Intergeneric crossings between the inbred line of Brassica pekinensis var. Chorng-bangkokun and inbred line of Raphanus sativus var. Oolsanjaelae were made using Brassica as female plant, and obtained two individuals of intergeneric hybrids. Morphological characters of the two F_1 hybrids are mostly intermediate of the two parental species, and their somatic chromosome number is 19. Meiotic behaviors of the parental plants were normal, while those of F_1 plants were extremely irregular. The mean pairing frequencies per cell of hybrids are 1.09_(II)+ 16.81 I (examined in May), and 1.75_(II)+15.47_I (examined in June). Majority of the pollen grain of parent species are normal, whereas those of F_1`s are invariably abortive. No seed setting was obtained in the hybrid plants left in the open field.

Zebrina pendula 의 웅성배우체에 (雄性配偶體) 관한 연구

한창열(Chang Yawl Harn),이병기(Byung Ki Lee) 한국식물학회 1962 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.5 No.2

HARN, Chang Yawl & Byung Ki LEE (Chunpuk National Univ.) Studies on the microgametophyte of Zebrina pendula. Kor. Jour. Bot. V(2): 1-5. 1962. Attempts were made in order to make clear the meiotic irregularities, male gametophyte formation and spermatogenesis for the purpose of applying these embryological facts to taxonomic works. Followings are the results obtained: 1. Meiosis is extremely irregular, giving rise to giant, micro, and empty pollens. Meiotic division in each PMC is observed synchronizing. 2. In the microspore immediately before the vegetative-generative nuclear division, the nucleus locates appressed to the inner wall, most of the other part of the cell being occupied by large vacuoles. 3. Spindle symmetry in the microspore nuclear division is of intermediate type. 4. Nuclear divisions in each microspore are not synchronized as in meiosis. 5. Generative nucleus is located in close contact with the inner wall, while the vegetative nucleus occupies the central part of pollen grain. The pollen in this stage looks somewhat like broad bean. Afterward the generative nucleus loses contact with the wall, the nuclear shape changing from lenticular to roundsh. 6. The generative nucleus in fully matured pollen grain usually takes the shape of crescence, those in abortive pollen, lenticular or ellipsoidal, etc.

상수각형질(桑樹各形質)의 유전력(遺傳力)

장권열 ( Kwon Yawl Chang ),한경수 ( Kyung Soo Han ),민병렬 ( Byung Yawl Min ) 한국잠사학회 1969 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.10 No.-

상수각형질의 유전력을 알고자 우리나라 상수주요품종인 개량서반, 일지뢰, 노상, 수원상호의 4개 품종을 재료로 유전력을 추정한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 상수형질 중 절간수의 유전력은 96.95로 제일 높고 주당지수의 유전력은 49.48로서 제일 낮았다. 2. 지조장, 지조직경, 지총중, 고지조중, 신소엽중, 그리고 정엽중의 유전력은 66~69의 값으로 절간수와 주당지수의 값의 중간치를 보였다. 이상의 결과로 상수의 형질중 절간수는 환경에 의한 변동이 적고 주당지수는 변동이 심하며 기타형질은 이들의 중간정도임을 알 수 있었다. The experimental studies were intended to clarify the effects leaf yield calculations, and also aimed at estimating the heritabilities on some characters for the selection of desirable stocks of mulberry trees. The method of estimating heritabilities for the eight characters-branch length, node number, branch diameter, branch number per stock, total branch weight, old branch weight, new shoot and leaf weight, and leaf weight, was the variance components procedures in a replicated trial for the varietal lines. The results are summarized as follows: Means, variances and standard errors for the characters are shown in table 1, and the results of variance analyses are also shown in table 2. Heritability values of node number was the highest, and these of branch number per stock was the lowest, and these of other six characters were intermediate values. These all calculated heritability values were higher than anticipated. This was expected since these values, which were the broad sense heritability, contain the variance due to dominance and epistasis in addition to the additive variance.

여뀌과 이형경식물의 (異型莖植物) 의 Dimorphism 과 Bisexuality 의 변화

한창열 (Chang Yawl Harn) 한국식물학회 1960 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.3 No.2

HARN. Chang Yawl (Chonnam U. Kwangju Korea) - Studies on the dimorpism and Transition of disexuality of keterostylous Polyonaceae- Kor. jour. Bot 3(2): 6-18 1960 The present experiments were designed in order to clarify the differences between the long and short styled plants and the transgresssive gradition in the degree of dimorphism among the three heterostylous species of the Polygonus, P. japonica, F. esculentum, and P. senticosa, based on investigations regarding the floral structure, ecological and physiological traits, the results of which are sunmarized as follows: (1) P. japonica, although it exhibits typical dimorphism, has undergone so high a differentiation between long and short styled that its long styled individuals behave as if they were female; and short styled individuals as if male. In long-styled individuals, filament, anther, and pollen grains show signs of degeneration, most of the pollen being abortive. On the other hand, in short styled individuals, the filament, anther, and pollen grains have attained remarkable development; the pollen grains are large and fertile. In short-plant the fertilized flowers readily drop off in every stage of their embryo development. This species has completely lost the self-fertile property, which is characteristic of the non-dimorphic Polygonum genus. Althugh this specsei typically exhibits the physiological characteristics of dimorphism in controlled pollination, the short-styled individuals bear no seed in nature, thus misleading taxonomists to identify the short-styled plant as male. 2) The morphological feature of the flower organ of P. senticosa obviously indicates definite dimorphism. Physiologically, however, no differentiation towards dimorphism was observed, the specics stil retaining, both in long and shot-individuals, the self-fartile property common to the Polygonum genus. Elaborate examinations revealed that regardless of the modes of pollination, both felrtilization and seed setting flourish, no differentiation between legitimate and illegitimate unions being recognizable. This sort of physiologica1 property has not been observed in the investigations of other heterostylous plants. It is assumed that this species is differentiated structurally into dimorphism, but not yet physiologically. In nature, however, this plant would have more opportunities to be cross-pollinated, i. e., legitimately combined, than self-pollinated because of the development of two forms of flowers. 3) In terms of heterostylism, the F. esculentum just occupies the intermediate position between P. japonica and P. senticosa structurally, ecologically, and physiologically. Doescription of some of the physiological behavior of the plant will suffice to demonstrate the above fact. While P. japonica has completely lost its self-fertile property, P. senticosa still retains it wolly. In F. esculentum 2-6% of self-fertility is the result in illegitimate combination. There occur occasionally hereditary self fertile individuals among some of the F. esculentum. P. japonica have no such individuals. In P. senticosa since complete fertility is the result in iliegitimate combination, it may be said that in this species the occurrence of self-fertile individual is 100%. 4) P. japonica, by the extreme structural differentiation of flower forms, not only givs the impression of its transition toward dioecious, but physiologicalty it also indicates the sign that the long-style plays the role of pistil, and the short-style, the seamen. Contrary to this. P. senticosa has developed two forms of flowers, thus exhibiting dimorphic features, but no diferentiation has yet occurred physiologically, still retaining fully the original property of non-dimorphic Polygonum genus. F. esculentum takes the intermediate position morphologically, ecologically, and physiologically. If it is assumed that in these species the transition has taken place from harmaphrodite to dimorphism, P. japonica would be the most adv

개나리속의 종간교잡에 (種間交雜) 관한 연구

한창열 (Chang Yawl Harn) 한국식물학회 1961 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.4 No.1

Harn, Chang Yawl (Chonpuk U., Iri, Korea)-Studies on the interspecific crossing of FORSYTHIA Genus. Kor. Jour. Bot. 4 (1) 1~8 196l: Interspecific crossing of two species, F. saxatilis and F. Koreana, was caerried out in order to make clear the segregatifn ratio of style length, mode of fertility, the fertility of Fl generratio, dioecism, and other taxonomic question, the result of which being summarized as follows: 1) Style length is segregated inte 1:1 ratio. 2) The behavior of fertility in the legitimate and illegitimate unions between the different species is exactly like that in the two dimorphic forms of the same species. 3) The mode of fertility between the long and short style of the Fl generation also follows that of the heterostyle plants. 4) No difficulties or irregularities are observed in the interspecific crossing and the Fl`s ferility. 5) In Fl generation exceedingly high morphological and physiological variations are observed. 6) The short style individual is well fertilized and sets seed when legitimately combined. The insistence that the short style is male, this genus being dioecious, is groundless. 7) Among Fl individuals, are observed a few dwarf-types with tiny and weak vegetative and reproductive organs: 8) The two species used behave in many ways like the different styles of the same species.

Persicaria Japonica ( MISSNER ) Gross et Nakai 의 이형화와 (二型花) 수정력에 관한 연구

한창열 (Chang Yawl Harn) 한국식물학회 1960 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.3 No.1

HARN, Chang Yawl : Studies on the dimorphism and Fertility of Persicaria japonica (MEISSNER) Cross et Nakai. Kor Jour. Bot. 3(I) 1-15 1960 Numerous investigations, since the works of DARWIN, have teen made regarding the heterostylous plants by JOST (1907), CORRENS (1924), LAIBACK (1924), LEWIS (1943), and many others. Studies on the heterostylous Polygonum, however, were not reported except for the buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum, which was investigatedy by SCHOCH-BODMER (1930), EAST (1934), FROLOVA & Co-Workers (1946), MORRIS (1947, 1951), TATEBE (1949, 1951, 1953), present author (1957), and others. It is because no heterostylous species, besides buckwheat, have been known to exist in the Polygonum family. The author, during his studies on both heterostylism and fertility of Polygonaceae, has found that the species, persicaris japonica (Meissener) Gross et Nakai, is not dioecious as has been known in taxnonomy, but in reality heterostylous both morphologically and physiologically. It was found that this Plant, regarded by taxonomist, as a male plant setting no seed, actually set seed (botanical fruit) when legitimate combination was made. Since his brief report on the dimorphic Phenomena of this plant in 1956, the author`s further research on the manner of fertilization has revealed that this species is a peeuliae type whose dimorphism has undergone extreme specialization structurally and physiologically, the short-styled individual behaving in nature as a male plant and the long-styled individual, as female, whereas in controlled pollination the plant shows highly differentiated typical dimorphism. When compared with the other dimorphous species of this family, F. esculentum and P. srnticosa. it has been clarified that these three species differ in the degree of differentigtion of their dimorphism morphologically and physiologically. That is, P. japonica has developed such a high specialization as to mislead the taxonomists, while P. senticosa shows almost no noticeable difference between long- and shortstyled individuals retaining most of the inherent physiological character common to the genus except for the fact that it has two forms of flowers. F. esculentum appears to have taken the intermediate position in every respect. The results obtained in the present experiment are summarized as follows : 1) P. japonica has two kinds of individuals, one long style-shore stamened: the other, short style-long stamened. The floral structure of this plants shows typical characteristics of dimorphic heterostylism. The differentiation between the two forms of flower has proceeded so highly both in primary and secondary difference of flower structure that this may be regarded as the most specialized form of dimorphism. 2) The differences of floral structure between the long and short styled individuals are remarkable coupared with the other dimorphic species of the family. 3) The stament of long styled plants show the sign of deteriolation whereas these of the short styled flower are well-developed. 4) When lecgitimate combinations are made, both L- and S-styled individuals are fertilized well and set seed (fruit), while in the illegitimate combination no fertilization and seed setting occur. Physiologically this species exhibits the typical behavior of dimorphic plants. 5) The self-fertile character, so common in other species of the other non-heterostyle Polygonum familly, has disappeared completely. 6) Under natural conditions, no or few seed setting is observed in short styled individuals that behave as if they were male plants. 7) In hand pollination, the combinations of both L x S aud S x L alike yield relatively good fertility and seed-formations, the behavior of short styled individuals in artificial pollination differing remarkably from that in nature. 8) Under controlled pollination. L x S combination sets far more seed than in the combination of S x L. In the S-styled individuals, the fertilized flower has

이면교잡(二面交雜)에 의한 잠체형질(蠶體形質)의 유전분석(遺傳分析) -잠체(蠶體)의 양적(量的) 형질(形質)에 관여(關與)하는 유전자(遺傳子)의 우성정도(優性程度)와 분포상태(分布狀態)-

장권열 ( Kwon Yawl Chang ),한경수 ( Kyung Soo Han ),민병열 ( Byung Yawl Min ) 한국잠사학회 1979 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.21 No.2

잠체의 몇 가지 양적형질에 관여하는 유전자의 우성 정도, 유전력, 유전자의 분포상태 등을 알기 위하여 누에의 6개 품종을 교배친으로 하여 이면교잡을 한 F1 세대와 교배친품종을 재료로 유전분석을 한바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 각 형질의 측정치는 품종과 조합에 따라서 다르고 특히 전견양과 견층양은 자잠이 웅잠보다 많고, 견층비율은 자잠보다 웅잠이 크게 나타났다. 2. 각 형질별 분산성분 중 상가적 효과에 의한 분산 D보다 Herterosis 등에 의한 분산 H가 크며 우성정도가 모두 1이상으로 나타났으므로 품종 자체가 hetero상태라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 3. 광의의 유전력은 모두 높았으나 협의의 유전력이 비교적 높은 형질은 전령경과일수, 5영경과일수, 견층비율의 3개형질이었다. 4. 유전자의 분포상태를 보면 전령경과일수, 5영경과일수, 견층비율의 3개 형질은 불완전우성으로, 전견양과 견층양의 2개형질은 초우성으로 나타났다. 5. 전령경과일수와 5영경과일수에 관여하는 유전자는 B(112)품종에 우성유변자가 많고, A(111)품종이나 E(경추)품종에 열성 유전자가 많이 관여하고 있는 것으로 보인다. 견층비율에는 자웅에 따라서, 품종에 따라서 우성 또는 열성유전자가 관여하는 정도가 다르며 전견양과 견층양의 2개 형질은 초우성으로 나타나고, F(연일) 품종과 E(경추) 품종에 우성유전자가 많이 관여하고 B(112)품종과 A(111)품종에 열성유전자가 많이 관여하고 있는 것으로 보인다. 이상의 결과를 미루어 보아 전견양과 견층양을 증가시키기 위한 교배친으로서는 F(연일) 품종이 제일 좋고 다음으로 E(경추)품종이 유리할 것으로 사료된다. Diallel crosses among six silkworm varieties were used as the materials by the randomized block design, and diallel cross analyse were conducted to determine the relationships between parents and their F1 hybrids. The six parents and their 30 F1 crosses were evaluated for five quantitative characters in each female and male silkworns. All methods utilized were similar in detecting lines giving unexpected performance in the F1 generation. Mean values of total cocoon weight and weight of cocoon layer of female silkworms were more than those of male silkworms, but mean values of cocoon layer ratio of female silkworms were less than those of male silkworms in both parents and 30 F1 hybrids. Over dominance was exhibited by total cocoon weight and weight of cocoon layer, and partial dominance was exhibited by periods (days) of larval stage, periods (days) of 5th instar and cocoon layer ratio (weight of cocoon layer/total cocoon weight). Furthermore, it was recognized that varieties F (Yunil) and E (Kyung-choo) were recommendable varieties as the parents in breeding of silkworms for increasing the total cocoon weight and weight of cocoon layer, etc.

상수(桑樹) 각형질(各形質) 상호간(相互間)의 표현형상관(表現型相關)과 유전상관(遺傳相關)

장권열 ( Kwon Yawl Chang ),한경수 ( Kyung Soo Han ),민병열 ( Byung Yawl Min ) 한국잠사학회 1970 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.12 No.-

뽕나무의 정엽중 즉 수량을 예측하고 수량과 제형질과의 관계를 알고자 우리나라 상수주요품종 4품종을 재료로 상수의 8개 형질상호간의 유전상관, 표현형상관 그리고 환경상관을 계산한바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 각 형질상호간의 표현형공분산, 유전공분산 그리고 환경공분산을 계산한 바 제1표와 같이 표현형공분산은 유전공분산의 값과 근사하나 다소 높고 환경공분산의 값은 그 변동이 심하다. 2. 각 형질상호간의 유전상관, 표현형상관 그리고 환경상관 등은 계산한바 제2표와 같이 유전상관은 표현형상관보다 그 값이 높고 지조장과 주당지수간, 주당지수와 지총중간에 1이상의 이상치가 보였다. 3. 지조직경과 제형질상호간에는 어느 경우에 있어서도 상관의 정도가 낮고, 정엽중 즉 수량과 제형질간의 상관관계를 본바 수량과 지조직경간에는 그 값이 낮으나 기타 제형질은 수량과 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 뽕나무의 제형질 중 예취전에 측정할 수 있는 지조장, 절간수, 지조직경, 주당지수의 4개 형질이 수량의 예측이나 선발대상형질로서 중요한 형질이나 본 실험의 결과 지조직경은 수량과 상관의 정도가 낮고, 주당지수는 전보의 결과에서 유전력이 낮았으므로 지금까지의 결과로는 지조장과 절간수가 더욱 중요한 형질로서 취급하여야 할 것으로 믿으며 이들 형질들과 수량과의 직접효과와 간접효과를 구명하여 보는 것이 앞으로 남은 한 과제가 될 수 있을 것으로 믿는다. The experimental studies were intended to clarify the effects of leaf yield calculations, and also aimed at estimating the correlations between some characters for the selection of desirable stocks of mulberry trees. The analysis of covariances was the variance components procedures in a replicated trial for the varieties, and also it was used to obtain the genotypic, phenotypic and environmental correlations between the eight characters-branch length, node number, branch diameter, branch number per stock, total branch weight, old branch weight, new shoot and leaf weight, and leaf weight, etc. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Phenotypic, genotypic and environmental covariances are shown in Table 1 and phenotypic correlations, genotypic correlations and environmental correlations are shown in Table 2. Genotypic correlations were slightly higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlations between the characters in the varieties, but the variation in values due to the change of environment appeared between the characters. Genotypic correlations between the leaf yield of mulberry trees and other characters indicated that high leaf yield was genetically correlated with six characters namely branch length, node number, branch number per stock, total branch weight, old branch weight and new shoot weight, etc. It was also observed that lower correlations were appeared between the leaf yield and branch diameter, and branch diameter and other all characters studied in both genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients.