Correlation Between Different Antidiarrheal Treatments and Changes in Chemical Components of Allii Sativi Bulbus Before and After Steaming Treatment Based on Flora Sequencing and In Vitro Experiments

Yarong Li,Yaqian Zhou,Huanjin Liu,Chenxu Wei,Shuli Chen,Zhengying Hua,Yan Xu,Yu Wu,Weidong Li 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.10

We investigated the changes in the main active ingredients and pharmacodynamic differences in the therapeutic effect of garlic before and after steaming and the correlation between them. The main active ingredients in raw garlic products (RGPs) and steamed garlic products (SGPs) were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Acute rapid diarrhea (AD) and antibiotic-induced diarrhea (DD) models were established in rats, and each group was treated with RGP and SGP, respectively. The main chemical components of garlic changed before and after steaming. Garlicin and alliinase were only found in RGP, whereas only alliin was found in SGP. Both RGP and SGP contained garlic polysaccharides. For in vivo experiments on AD, the average rate of loose stools was 100.00 ± 0.00, 31.55 ± 11.76, and 19.14 ± 6.62 in the RGP high-dose and SGP high-dose treatment groups, respectively; in DD, the rates were 91.11 ± 14.40, 19.33 ± 3.63, and 30.56 ± 4.30, respectively (P < .01, treatment vs. model groups). In AD, the average grade of loose stools was 2.33 ± 0.52 and 1.83 ± 0.75 in the model and RGP high-dose treatment groups, respectively (P < .05); in DD, the values were 2.17 ± 0.41 in the model group and 1.67 ± 0.52 in the SGP high-dose treatment group (P < .05). RGP had a better therapeutic effect on AD, mainly related to the antibacterial effect of garlicin in RGP. SGP had a better therapeutic effect on DD, mainly related to the alliin and garlic polysaccharide in SGP. This study could provide evidence to support the clinical use of garlic.

Research on Pilling Performance of Cashmere Knitted Fabric Based on Fiber Frictional Properties

Yarong Wu,Wanyun Tian,Xue Zhang,Gui Liu,Luyi Chen 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.12

Pilling of cashmere knitted fabric has always been and being a tough problem; the scales available on the cashmere fiber surface and the as-resulted special frictional effect were one of the main reasons for pilling. In this research, the frictional coefficients [with-scale static coefficient (μws), with-scale dynamic coefficient (μwd), anti-scale static coefficient (μas), anti-scale dynamic coefficient (μad), μas- μws, μad-μwd, (μas- μws)/(μas+μws) and (μad- μwd)/(μad+μwd)] of cashmere fiber were measured by capstan method, and the conditions for measuring were optimized. On this basis, eight kinds of typical chemical or biological (protease) treatments were selected for anti-pilling treatment of cashmere knitted fabric, and the frictional coefficients of cashmere fiber under these treatments were measured. The surface morphology and the surface hairiness of cashmere were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and ultra-depth of field microscope, respectively. The pilling performance of these treated knitted fabrics was conducted by means of pilling box method. The effect of different chemical/biological treatments on the frictional properties of fibers and the relationship between frictional properties and pilling performance were analyzed based on OLS regression analysis and independent sample t test using Stata 16.0. Experimental results showed that there was a good correlation between the pilling performance of cashmere fabric and the value of μad- μwd. When considering the specific chemical/biologic treatments, different treatments possessed different effects on the specific indicators of fiber frictional performance; so, for different treatment processes, different frictional coefficients could be selected to assist the evaluation of fabric pilling performance.

Microvascular Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Diabetes Without Obstructive Coronary Stenosis and Its Association With Angina

Yu Yarong,Yang Wenli,Dai Xu,Yu Lihua,Lan Ziting,Ding Xiaoying,Zhang Jiayin 대한영상의학회 2023 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.24 No.11

Objective: To investigate the incidence of microvascular myocardial ischemia in diabetic patients without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and its relationship with angina. Materials and Methods: Diabetic patients and an intermediate-to-high pretest probability of CAD were prospectively enrolled. Non-diabetic patients but with an intermediate-to-high pretest probability of CAD were retrospectively included as controls. The patients underwent dynamic computed tomography-myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to quantify coronary stenosis, myocardial blood flow (MBF), and extracellular volume (ECV). The proportion of patients with microvascular myocardial ischemia, defined as any myocardial segment with a mean MBF ≤ of 100 mL/min/100 mL, in patients without obstructive CAD (Coronary Artery Disease–Reporting and Data System [CAD-RADS] grade 0–2 on CCTA) was determined. Various quantitative parameters of the patients with and without diabetes without obstructive CAD were compared. Multivariable analysis was used to determine the association between microvascular myocardial ischemia and angina symptoms in diabetic patients without obstructive CAD. Results: One hundred and fifty-two diabetic patients (mean age: 59.7 ± 10.7; 77 males) and 266 non-diabetic patients (62.0 ± 12.3; 167 males) were enrolled; CCTA revealed 113 and 155 patients without obstructive CAD, respectively. For patients without obstructive CAD, the mean global MBF was significantly lower for those with diabetes than for those without (152.8 mL/min/100 mL vs. 170.4 mL/min/100 mL, P < 0.001). The mean ECV was significantly higher for diabetic patients (27.2% vs. 25.8%, P = 0.009). Among the patients without obstructive CAD, the incidence of microvascular myocardial ischemia (36.3% [41/113] vs. 10.3% [16/155], P < 0.001) and interstitial fibrosis (69.9% [79/113] vs. 33.3% [8/24], P = 0.001) were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in the controls. The presence of microvascular myocardial ischemia was independently associated with angina symptoms (adjusted odds ratio = 3.439, P = 0.037) in diabetic patients but without obstructive CAD. Conclusion: Dynamic CT-MPI + CCTA revealed a high incidence of microvascular myocardial ischemia in diabetic patients without obstructive CAD. Microvascular myocardial ischemia is strongly associated with angina.

자동차 인테리어 디자인 평가 요소들 간의 가중치에 관한 연구 - 여성 운전자를 중심으로

황아용 ( Yarong Huang ),김용구 ( Yonggu Kim ),조광수 ( Kwangsoo Cho ) 한국산업디자이너협회(한국인더스트리얼디자인학회) 2021 산업디자인학연구 Vol.15 No.2

연구배경 현재의 여성 운전자 비율이 매년 중가함에 따라, 여성의 성향과 특성, life style 등을 고려한 여성용 자동차 디자인 개발이 필요하다, 따라서 여성의 소비자 심리 분석을 토대로, 여성용 자동차 인테리어 평가 요소와 관련된 연구가 필요하다. 연구방법 여성 운전자를 위한 자동차 인테리어 평가 요소는 남성과 여성간의 성향과 특성 등이 서로 상이하므로, 평가 요소 또한 요소별 중요도가 다르다고 할 수 있다. 이를 위해 자료조사를 하여 자동차 인테리어 디자인 평가요소를 정리하고, 전문가를 대상으로 하는 AHP 기법을 활용해 평가요소별 가중치를 도출하여, 최종 여성용 자동차 인테리어 디자인 평가 방향을 제시한다. 연구결과 남성과 여성 운전자 간의 평가요소를 도출하였고, 상위항목과 하위항목으로 분류하여, 각 요소별 쌍대 비교를 통해 여성자동차 인테리어 평가요소의 가중치를 도출하였다. 또한 그 결과는 남성전문가와 여성전문가의 응답결과가 서로 다르게 나타났다. 결론 기존의 평가요소 도출 및 검증에서 끝나는 연구와는 달리 본 연구는 평가요소 개발에서 각 요소별 가중치를 적용해 봄으로써, 더욱 객관적으로 수치화하여 정리하였다는데 그 의의가 크다고 볼 수 있다. 또한, 향후 연구에서는 일반인을 대상으로 설문을 진행하고, 평가 요소별 가중치를 적용한 값을 분석한다면, 우선적으로 개선해야 할 평가요소를 파악할 수 있을 것이다. Background As the proportion of female drivers is increasing year by year, it is necessary to develop female car design considering female characteristics, lifestyles, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to study the internal evaluation factors of female car based on the psychological analysis of female consumers. Methods The evaluation elements of car interiors for female drivers differ from each other in terms of tendencies and characteristics, etc. Between men and women, and the evaluation elements and the importance of each element are also different. Through data investigation, the evaluation elements of automobile interior design are compiled, and the weight of each evaluation element are obtained by using AHP aiming at experts. Finally, the evaluation direction of female car interior design is put forward. Results The evaluation factors between male and female drivers were deduced, which were divided into upper and lower items. By comparing the factors in pairs, the weight of the evaluation factors of female car interior were deduced. And it turned out that male and female experts responded with different results. Conclusion Different from the existing research which ends with the evaluation elements, the significance of this research lies in that the weight of each element is applied in the development of evaluation elements, and the evaluation elements can be numerically and organizationally more objectively. In addition, in future studies, by conducting questionnaires with the general population and analyzing the weight of each evaluation element, it will be possible to grasp the evaluation elements that need priority improvement.

여성의 자동차 인테리어 평가요소 개발에 관한 연구

황아용(Yarong Huang),김용구(Yonggu Kim),조광수(Kwangsoo Cho) 한국디자인학회 2020 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

CT Fractional Flow Reserve for the Diagnosis of Myocardial Bridging-Related Ischemia: A Study Using Dynamic CT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging as a Reference Standard

Yu Yarong,Yu Lihua,Dai Xu,Zhang Jiayin 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.12

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic performance of CT fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) for myocardial bridging-related ischemia using dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) as a reference standard. Materials and Methods: Dynamic CT-MPI and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) data obtained from 498 symptomatic patients were retrospectively reviewed. Seventy-five patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 62.7 ± 13.2 years; 48 males) who showed myocardial bridging in the left anterior descending artery without concomitant obstructive stenosis on the imaging were included. The change in CT-FFR across myocardial bridging (ΔCT-FFR, defined as the difference in CT-FFR values between the proximal and distal ends of the myocardial bridging) in different cardiac phases, as well as other anatomical parameters, were measured to evaluate their performance for diagnosing myocardial bridging-related myocardial ischemia using dynamic CT-MPI as the reference standard (myocardial blood flow < 100 mL/100 mL/min or myocardial blood flow ratio ≤ 0.8). Results: ΔCT-FFRsystolic (ΔCT-FFR calculated in the best systolic phase) was higher in patients with vs. without myocardial bridging-related myocardial ischemia (median [interquartile range], 0.12 [0.08–0.17] vs. 0.04 [0.01–0.07], p < 0.001), while CT-FFRsystolic (CT-FFR distal to the myocardial bridging calculated in the best systolic phase) was lower (0.85 [0.81–0.89] vs. 0.91 [0.88–0.96], p = 0.043). In contrast, ΔCT-FFRdiastolic (ΔCT-FFR calculated in the best diastolic phase) and CT-FFRdiastolic (CT-FFR distal to the myocardial bridging calculated in the best diastolic phase) did not differ significantly. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that ΔCT-FFRsystolic had largest area under the curve (0.822; 95% confidence interval, 0.717–0.901) for identifying myocardial bridging-related ischemia. ΔCT-FFRsystolic had the highest sensitivity (91.7%) and negative predictive value (NPV) (97.8%). ΔCT-FFRdiastolic had the highest specificity (85.7%) for diagnosing myocardial bridging-related ischemia. The positive predictive values of all CT-related parameters were low. Conclusion: ΔCT-FFRsystolic reliably excluded myocardial bridging-related ischemia with high sensitivity and NPV. Myocardial bridging showing positive CT-FFR results requires further evaluation.

가중치를 이용한 여성을 위한 자동차 인테리어 평가요소에 관한 연구

황아용(Yarong Huang),김용구(Yonggu Kim),조광수(Kwangsoo Cho) 한국디자인학회 2021 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.5

Experimental research on seismic behavior of a composite RCS frame

Jinjie Men,Yarong Zhang,Zhifeng Guo,Qingxuan Shi 국제구조공학회 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.18 No.4

To promote greater acceptance and use of composite RCS systems, a two-bay two-story frame specimen with improved composite RCS joint details was tested in the laboratory under reversed cyclic loading. The test revealed superior seismic performance with stable load versus story drift response and excellent deformation capacity for an inter-story drift ratio up to 1/25. It was found that the failure process of the frame meets the strong-column weak-beam criterion. Furthermore, cracking inter-story drift ratio and ultimate inter-story drift ratio both satisfy the limitation prescribed by the design code. Additionally, inter-story drift ratios at yielding and peak load stage provide reference data for Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) approaches for composite RCS frames. An advantage over conventional reinforced concrete and steel moment frame systems is that the displacement ductility coefficient of the RCS frame system is much larger. To conclude, the test results prove that composite RCS frame systems perform satisfactorily under simulated earthquake action, which further validates the reliability of this innovative system. Based on the test result, some suggestions are presented for the design of composite RCS frame systems.

Protective effect of adiponectin on paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice

Rong Yao,Yarong He,Zhi Zeng,Zongan Liang,Yu Cao 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.2

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is the most common complication of paraquat (PQ) toxicity, which lacks an effective treatment. This study aimed to investigate whether exogenous administration of globular adiponectin (APN) isoform provided protection against PQ-induced PF, and examined the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Eighty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into control, PQ, lowdose APN, and high-dose APN groups. Human lung WI-38 fibroblasts were similarly divided into control, PQ, and APN groups and examined at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after PQ exposure. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson trichrome staining were used to compare the histopathologic changes in the mouse lung tissues. Western blot and real-time quantitative-PCR (RTPCR) were used to measure the protein and mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in mice lung tissues and α-SMA, type III collagen, and NF-κB p65 in lung fibroblasts. Dihydroethidium (DHE) was used to detect intracellular superoxide anion (O2-) in fibroblasts. APN administration significantly ameliorated PQ-mediated fibrosis histologically and reduced the protein and mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1 in mouse lung tissues in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). When fibroblasts were pretreated with APN, the expression of α-SMA and NF-κB p65 were down-regulated, and O2- decreased. Expression of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-1Ra was upregulated following PQ exposure (P<0.05). This study revealed the beneficial effects of APN against PQ-induced PF, which may have occurred through suppression of NF- κB dependent inflammatory and TGF-β1 mediated fibrotic events

Long-term and stable correction of uremic anemia by intramuscular injection of plasmids containing hypoxia-regulated system of erythropoietin expression

Jifeng Sun,Yarong Wang,Jie Yang,Dewei Du,Zhanting Li,Junxia Wei,Angang Yang 생화학분자생물학회 2012 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.44 No.11

Relative deficiency in production of glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (Epo) is a major cause of renal anemia. This study planned to investigate whether the hypoxia-regulated system of Epo expression, constructed by fusing Epo gene to the chimeric phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) hypoxia response elements (HRE) in combination with cytomegalovirus immediate-early (CMV IE) basal gene promoter and delivered by plasmid intramuscular injection, might provide a long-term physiologically regulated Epo secretion expression to correct the anemia in adenine-induced uremic rats. Plasmid vectors (pHRE-Epo) were synthesized by fusing human Epo cDNA to the HRE/CMV promoter. Hypoxia-inducible activity of this promoter was evaluated first in vitro and then in vivo in healthy and uremic rats (n = 30 per group). The vectors (pCMV-Epo) in which Epo expression was directed by a constitutive CMV gene promoter served as control. ANOVA and Student’s t-test were used to analyze between-group differences. A high-level expression of Epo was induced by hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. Though both pHRE-Epo and pCMV-Epo corrected anemia,the hematocrit of the pCMV-Epo-treated rats exceeded the normal (P < 0.05), but that of the pHRE-Epo-treated rats didn’t. Hypoxia-regulated system of Epo gene expression constructed by fusing Epo to the HRE/CMV promoter and delivered by plasmid intramuscular injection may provide a long-term and stable Epo expression and secretion in vivo to correct the anemia in adenine-induced uremic rats.