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Yao Wen 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2023 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.47 No.4
China’s party diplomacy—the Communist Party of China’s own international outreach—has become an important component of China’s foreign relations. Given Southeast Asia’s strategic importance, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has been proactively engaging political elites in the region. What are the immediate changes party diplomacy brings about for Southeast Asian actors, and how do they translate into long-term consequences? I propose a threepronged framework to explore the local effects of China’s party diplomacy, respectively, concerning exposure to ideas, the pursuit of interests, and the emergence of controversies. Drawing on a novel dataset and using illustrative cases of Vietnam, Singapore, Myanmar, and Malaysia, I show how the effects are contingent on the agency of Southeast Asian actors and domestic dynamics in each country. From the standpoint of Southeast Asian elites, engagement with the CPC could bring about ideational and material benefits, while domestic pushback, if any, is easy to deflect and tends to fade away over time. China’s party diplomacy is best described as a moderate status quo multiplier that leads to noticeable changes without triggering structural shifts.
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Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties on nanocrystalline BaFe12O19 ferrite
Yaowen Li,Qin Wang,Hua Yang 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.6
Single phase BaM (BaFe12O19) ferrites are prepared by using sol–gel method. The preparing conditions of samples are investigated in detail, such as acid/nitrate ratio, the value of pH and annealing temperature. The best conditions on preparing BaFe12O19, which can be obtained on a Fe/Ba ratio of 12, the citric acid contents R = 3, the starting pH of solution is 9, and annealing temperature 950 ℃. The thermal decomposition behavior of the dried gel was examined by TG–DSC, the structure and properties of powders were measured respectively by XRD techniques. The magnetic properties of barium ferrites are emphatically researched about the changing crystallite size and annealing temperature by the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Magnetic measurement shows that the barium ferrite samples annealed at 1000 ℃ has the maximal coercive field of 5691.91 Oe corresponding to the maximal remnant magnetization of 35.60 emu/g and the sample synthesized at 1000 ℃ has the maximal saturation magnetization of 60.75 emu/g. Single phase BaM (BaFe12O19) ferrites are prepared by using sol–gel method. The preparing conditions of samples are investigated in detail, such as acid/nitrate ratio, the value of pH and annealing temperature. The best conditions on preparing BaFe12O19, which can be obtained on a Fe/Ba ratio of 12, the citric acid contents R = 3, the starting pH of solution is 9, and annealing temperature 950 ℃. The thermal decomposition behavior of the dried gel was examined by TG–DSC, the structure and properties of powders were measured respectively by XRD techniques. The magnetic properties of barium ferrites are emphatically researched about the changing crystallite size and annealing temperature by the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Magnetic measurement shows that the barium ferrite samples annealed at 1000 ℃ has the maximal coercive field of 5691.91 Oe corresponding to the maximal remnant magnetization of 35.60 emu/g and the sample synthesized at 1000 ℃ has the maximal saturation magnetization of 60.75 emu/g.
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A Comparative Analysis: Various Storage Rules in Container Yards and Their Performances
Yaowen Ma,Kap Hwan Kim 대한산업공학회 2012 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.11 No.3
Determining storage locations of containers is an important issue for efficient operation of container terminals. This study assumes a storage yard with a horizontal layout in which blocks are laid out in parallel to the quay and trucks enter at the side of a block to deliver (receive) a container to (from) the yard crane. Various storage rules for determining storage locations of containers are introduced. Simulation studies are conducted for evaluating various rules. The following guidelines are derived from the result of our simulation study: when designing a block, consider a block configuration in which the longest gantry and the longest trolley travel times of rail-mounted gantry cranes (RMGCs) are similar; do not restrict the types of containers that can be stored in a storage area; if different roles are to be assigned to different storage areas, one possible way is to divide a bay into two areas so that some rows in the bay are allocated to inbound containers while the other rows in the same bay are allocated to outbound containers; reserve the space in bay unit for a high productivity of RMGCs but reserve the space in stack unit when the storage space is not enough; when the storage space is not sufficient, allocate storage location in a way of starting from the end and ending at the middle of a block; for reducing the travel distance of internal trucks, provide a higher priority to a block nearer to the berthing position of the corresponding vessel.
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A Comparative Analysis: Various Storage Rules in Container Yards and Their Performances
Ma, Yaowen,Kim, Kap-Hwan Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2012 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.11 No.3
Determining storage locations of containers is an important issue for efficient operation of container terminals. This study assumes a storage yard with a horizontal layout in which blocks are laid out in parallel to the quay and trucks enter at the side of a block to deliver (receive) a container to (from) the yard crane. Various storage rules for determining storage locations of containers are introduced. Simulation studies are conducted for evaluating various rules. The following guidelines are derived from the result of our simulation study: when designing a block, consider a block configuration in which the longest gantry and the longest trolley travel times of rail-mounted gantry cranes (RMGCs) are similar; do not restrict the types of containers that can be stored in a storage area; if different roles are to be assigned to different storage areas, one possible way is to divide a bay into two areas so that some rows in the bay are allocated to inbound containers while the other rows in the same bay are allocated to outbound containers; reserve the space in bay unit for a high productivity of RMGCs but reserve the space in stack unit when the storage space is not enough; when the storage space is not sufficient, allocate storage location in a way of starting from the end and ending at the middle of a block; for reducing the travel distance of internal trucks, provide a higher priority to a block nearer to the berthing position of the corresponding vessel.
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Oily collector pre-dispersion for enhanced surface adsorption during fine low-rank coal flotation
Yangchao Xia,Yaowen Xing,Xiahui Gui 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.82 No.-
The prior adsorption of water molecules on low-rank coal surface suppresses the adsorption of collectorsand decreases the surface hydrophobicity duringflotation. To improve the adsorption of oil molecules,this study proposed an innovativeflotationflowsheet, i.e., oily collector pre-dispersion. Oily collector predispersionenhances theflotation recovery by 5–10% compared with the traditionalflowsheet. Theunderlying oil/water‒coal interaction mechanisms were investigated by combining experiment andsimulation. The results indicated that oil droplets adsorbed quickly on the low-rank coal surface in an airenvironment and, notably, the contact angle was smaller than that of a water droplet. However, in a waterenvironment, the contact angle of the oil droplet on the low-rank coal surface was large and stable. Molecular dynamics simulations of coal/oil/water adsorption configurations revealed that oil moleculesself-aggregated into spheres when water molecules surrounded the low-rank coal surface. In contrast,water molecules were largely repelled when the oil molecules were preadsorbed on the low-rank coalsurface. Adsorption capacity measurements directly confirmed that the adsorption capacities of oilycollectors improved with collector pre-dispersion. Thus, water/coal adsorption can be controlled byrealizing full contact between oil and low-rank coal. Thisfinding suggests a technical modification thatcan be adopted to enhance low-rank coalflotation.
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On the modeling methods of small-scale piezoelectric wind energy harvesting
Liya Zhao,Yaowen Yang 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.19 No.1
The interdisciplinary research area of small scale energy harvesting has attracted tremendous interests in the past decades, with a goal of ultimately realizing self-powered electronic systems. Among the various available ambient energy sources which can be converted into electricity, wind energy is a most promising and ubiquitous source in both outdoor and indoor environments. Significant research outcomes have been produced on small scale wind energy harvesting in the literature, mostly based on piezoelectric conversion. Especially, modeling methods of wind energy harvesting techniques plays a greatly important role in accurate performance evaluations as well as efficient parameter optimizations. The purpose of this paper is to present a guideline on the modeling methods of small-scale wind energy harvesters. The mechanisms and characteristics of different types of aeroelastic instabilities are presented first, including the vortex-induced vibration, galloping, flutter, wake galloping and turbulence-induced vibration. Next, the modeling methods are reviewed in detail, which are classified into three categories: the mathematical modeling method, the equivalent circuit modeling method, and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. This paper aims to provide useful guidance to researchers from various disciplines when they want to develop and model a multi-way coupled wind piezoelectric energy harvester.
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Zhanli Jin,Yaowen Yang,Chee Kiong Soh 국제구조공학회 2010 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.6 No.7
In this paper, the optimal design of vibration control system for smart structures has been investigated semi-analytically via the optimization of geometric parameters like the placements and sizes of piezoelectric sensors and actuators (S/As) bonded on the structures. The criterion based on the maximization of energy dissipation was adopted for the optimization of the control system. Based on the sensing and actuating equations, the total energy stored in the system which is used as the objective function was analytically derived with design variables explicitly presented. Two cases of single and combined vibration modes were addressed for a simply supported beam and a simply supported cylindrical shell. For single vibration mode, the optimal distributions of the piezoelectric S/As could be obtained analytically. However, the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) method has to be employed to solve those which violated the prescribed constraints and to solve the case of combined vibration modes. The results of three examples, which include a simply supported beam, a simply supported cylindrical shell and a simply supported plate, showed good agreement with those obtained by the Genetic Algorithm (GA) method. Moreover, in comparison with the GA method, the proposed method is more effective in obtaining better optimization results and is much more efficient in terms of computation time.
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