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( Nobuyoshi Yamori ) 한국금융연구원 2022 금융연구 working paper Vol.2022 No.3
This paper describes the role of Japan's regional financial institutions in SME financing and what efforts are being made by private financial institutions and the government to address their challenges. Japan's local regions are at risk of weakening due to declining birth rates and aging populations, and the government implements measures to revitalize local areas. Japanese people have a growing demand for the active role of regional financial institutions, which have essential information on the regional economy. Traditionally, regional financial institutions have focused on lending. The macroeconomic situations, such as a surplus of funds and the Bank of Japan's negative interest rates policy, have caused lending rates to continue to fall. Against this backdrop, the earnings of regional financial institutions have been on a downward trend, but lower credit costs have mitigated the deterioration in earnings until now. However, the spread of the COVID-19 in 2020 exacerbates the over-indebtedness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). There is a widespread sense of crisis that the local economy will collapse if the situation continues, and regional financial institutions will find it difficult to operate. To help companies suffering from the COVID-19 crisis and carry out regional development activities, regional financial institutions must perform new functions beyond traditional functions, while lending will continue to be an essential business for banks in the future. To help regional financial institutions engage in new businesses, the Japanese government has pushed for significant deregulation. However, for banks to effectively support SMEs, banks need to know their customers very well. Therefore there is a strong need to improve their ability constantly to assess customers' business potential.
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Performance Comparison between Fixed Function Pricing Scheme and Auction Pricing Scheme
Hien Quy Dang,Kyoko Yamori,Yoshiaki Tanaka 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7
In this research we investigated the two congestion-based pricing schemes: fixed function pricing scheme and auction pricing scheme. In the fixed function pricing scheme, user’s willingness-to-pay (WTP) is applied in the connection decision towards the congestion price proposed by the server. Meanwhile, in the auction pricing scheme, users actively decide their desired prices based on their WTP. The key difference between these two schemes is the users’ active or passive role in the price making process. Based on this, we compared the network control and economical benefit performance of the two schemes. The simulation shows that the auction pricing scheme produces better control effect, while the fixed function pricing scheme normally shows a better service provider benefit.
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Overlay Network Routing Based on Shadow Price
Lihua Sun,Kyoko Yamori,Yoshiaki Tanaka 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7
Overlay network is constructed at application layer to provide higher level services. In the past few years, overlay network has received much attention. As different choices of overlay topologies and overlay routing would have different results on the performance of the network, how to design an efficient overlay topology for overlay routing is considered necessary and important. Traditional approaches of overlay topology or overlay routing are designed based on static state metrics, such as the number of hops, or link cost, the side effect of which caused the routing resulting the traffic bottleneck, finally declining the performance of network routing. There existed many candidate routing schemes to provide overlay networking. Recently, with the assist of network providers, some users construct a minimum spanning tree for overlay routing. Minimum spanning tree is efficient, but more efficient topology will exist. In this paper, aiming at distributing network traffics, the concept of shadow price is introduced to design the topology. Shadow price considers the future condition of network based on current network status, and is useful to design more efficient overlay networks.
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신진호,Enshi Xu,임영효,최보율,김배근,이용구,김미경,Mari Mori,Yukio Yamori 대한고혈압학회 2015 Clinical Hypertension Vol.21 No.10
Background: The relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure (BP) is affected by many factors such as absolute level of sodium intake, salt sensitivity, and the accuracy or the timing of the BP measurement. There is no epidemiologic study using both ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and 24-h urine sample in a middle-aged general population. Methods: In the rural area, Yeojoo County, Gyunggi Province in South Korea, 218 subjects with age between 30 and 59 years old were measured with ABPM and 24-h urine sample. ABPM device was TM2430, and the 24-h urine sample was collected using the aliquot cup. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) score was calculated by the sum of the number of abnormal criteria other than BP. Results: For both ABPM and 24-h urine sample, 148 subject data was acceptable for the analysis by the creatinine equation and/or the completeness of collection. Age was 47.4 ± 8.3 years (range 30 to 59 years), and female was 85 (57.4%). In multiple linear regression analysis, sodium intake was not an independent factor for casual BPs and daytime BPs whereas sodium intake was an independent factor for nighttime systolic BP (β = 1.625, p = 0.0026) and nighttime diastolic BP (β = 1.066, p = 0.0017). When compared to the lowest quartiles of sodium intake, daytime diastolic BP and nighttime BPs were in the higher three quartile groups. Conclusions: Sodium intake was associated not with casual BPs and daytime BPs but with increased nighttime BPs in the middle-aged general population in Korea.
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신진호,Enshi Xu,임영효,최보율,김배근,Yong-Gu Lee,Mi-Kyung Kim,Mari Mori,Yukio Yamori 대한고혈압학회 2014 Clinical Hypertension Vol.20 No.-
BackgroundThe relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure (BP) is affected by many factors such as absolute level of sodium intake, salt sensitivity, and the accuracy or the timing of the BP measurement. There is no epidemiologic study using both ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and 24-h urine sample in a middle-aged general population. MethodsIn the rural area, Yeojoo County, Gyunggi Province in South Korea, 218 subjects with age between 30 and 59 years old were measured with ABPM and 24-h urine sample. ABPM device was TM2430, and the 24-h urine sample was collected using the aliquot cup. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) score was calculated by the sum of the number of abnormal criteria other than BP. ResultsFor both ABPM and 24-h urine sample, 148 subject data was acceptable for the analysis by the creatinine equation and/or the completeness of collection. Age was 47.4 ± 8.3 years (range 30 to 59 years), and female was 85 (57.4%). In multiple linear regression analysis, sodium intake was not an independent factor for casual BPs and daytime BPs whereas sodium intake was an independent factor for nighttime systolic BP (β = 1.625, p = 0.0026) and nighttime diastolic BP (β = 1.066, p = 0.0017). When compared to the lowest quartiles of sodium intake, daytime diastolic BP and nighttime BPs were in the higher three quartile groups. ConclusionsSodium intake was associated not with casual BPs and daytime BPs but with increased nighttime BPs in the middle-aged general population in Korea BackgroundThe relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure (BP) is affected by many factors such as absolute level of sodium intake, salt sensitivity, and the accuracy or the timing of the BP measurement. There is no epidemiologic study using both ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and 24-h urine sample in a middle-aged general population. MethodsIn the rural area, Yeojoo County, Gyunggi Province in South Korea, 218 subjects with age between 30 and 59 years old were measured with ABPM and 24-h urine sample. ABPM device was TM2430, and the 24-h urine sample was collected using the aliquot cup. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) score was calculated by the sum of the number of abnormal criteria other than BP. ResultsFor both ABPM and 24-h urine sample, 148 subject data was acceptable for the analysis by the creatinine equation and/or the completeness of collection. Age was 47.4 ± 8.3 years (range 30 to 59 years), and female was 85 (57.4%). In multiple linear regression analysis, sodium intake was not an independent factor for casual BPs and daytime BPs whereas sodium intake was an independent factor for nighttime systolic BP (β = 1.625, p = 0.0026) and nighttime diastolic BP (β = 1.066, p = 0.0017). When compared to the lowest quartiles of sodium intake, daytime diastolic BP and nighttime BPs were in the higher three quartile groups. ConclusionsSodium intake was associated not with casual BPs and daytime BPs but with increased nighttime BPs in the middle-aged general population in Korea
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