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김용범 한국언어문화학회 ( 구 한양어문학회 ) 2002 한국언어문화 Vol.22 No.-
Kim Yong Bum. 2002. A study on the value of classical literature as the subject matter of culture contents. This study is a research to define the value of coassical novel as the subject matter of culture contents and to grope for high value added of korean culture contents industry. For this purpose, I looked about an instance of a project of an archetype of korean culture's construction. Then I researched relation classical novel contents and information technology. So, I proposed several courses that classical novel is modernized. I hope this article shows the right read for competitive powerful culture industry.
항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자판으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(II) : Comparison of Safety 안전성 비교
안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5
연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을 ’직접 교체 방법’또는 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안정성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 지단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며, ’직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10㎎의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고, ’시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10㎎의 올란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용량은 5∼20㎎ 범위로 제한하였다. 한정성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 복, 실험실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS). Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale(LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는 ’직접 교체 방법’군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70% 이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives: This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safely of switching to olanzapine between ’direct switching method’ and ’start-tapering switching method’. Method: This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ’direct switching method’group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10㎎ of olanzapine was administered, and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20㎎. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital sings including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS). Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results: 103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ’direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ’start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion: This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.
강진경(Jin Kyung Kang),최흥재(Heung Jai Choi),김경희(Kyung Hee Kim),황용(Yong Hwang),김용범(Yong Bum Kim),이원영(Won Yung Lee) 대한소화기학회 1985 대한소화기학회지 Vol.17 No.2
N/A Most authorities agree the higher incidence of gallstones among diabetic patient. Although many reports on gallstones or diabetes mellitus have been published, and actual correlation between gallstones and diabetes mellitus remains obscure. The purpose of this reports is to know the incidence of gallstone in diabetics and of diabetics in the patients with gallstone. Authors studied prospectively and clinically the diabetics in a group of 173 patients with gallstones and gallstone in a group of 98 diabetic patients who were admitted to Yonsei University Yong-Dong Hospital for the same period of April 1983 to May 1984. The results obtained are summarized as follow: The incidence of gallstone to general admission patients is 1.5% and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus to total in-patients is 0.8% The gallstone was found in 11.0% of diabetics and were diabetic 19.4% of patients with gallstones. The age of peak incidence of gallstones is 5th decade and female was more prevalent than male with the ratio of 1.37:1. The age of peak incidence of diabetes mellitus is 6 th decade and female is less prevalent with the ratio of 0.72:l.3, The most common characteristic finding of patients of gallstones with diabetes mellitus is symptomless(42.1%)4, There is no significant difference in serum levels of cholesterol and triglyceride between diabetic and non-diabetic groups or with and without gallstones. 5. Comparative study on location of stones revealed, 72.8% in gallbladder only, 12.7% in common bile duct only, 4. 6% in intrahepatic duct only, and remainders in multiple site. There is no significant difference in terms of location of stone between diabetic and nondiabetic group.
이종범,김용국,김태우 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1994 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-
An observational study of urban heat is1and was carried out using field data obtained during 6 day in May and August 1992 in Chunchon(Population size 180,000). Air temperature was measured at 04 points along two sampling routes by thermisters attached to cars, Both routes cover urban and rural area and across the center of urban area, Continuous observation of air sonde was performed to clarify heights of nocturnal boundary layer(NBL) at the center of urban area. Surface meteorological observations were performed at both urban and rural site. This study showed that heat island Phenomena was obvious1y observed at the urbanized area during the night time With low wind Speed. The average NBL heights extended to about 100 meters, but varied with meteorological conditions. After sunset the air temperature decreased with time at both sites and cooling rate at the urban site was Heater than the rural site. The maximum heat island intensity was 7.5°C at 21 LST May 4. Using the two meteorological data gets obtained from urban and rural sites, the air Pollutant concentration was calculated by Gaussian plume model which can obtain not only horizontal distribution of concentration but also vertical distribution. The result indicated that the concentration resulted from urban meteorological data set was lower than that from rural meteorological data set. It was also calculated that the air pollutant extended to higher level in urban meteorological data set than that in rural meteorological data set.
전문 마라톤화용 기능성 개발을 위한 운동역학적 연구(Ⅰ)
박승범,서국웅,김용재 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.11 No.3
Various approaches can be used to study a special field such as biomechanical aspects of marathon shoes. A runner who wants to buy a pair of running shoes is confronted with a wide range of models, ranging from inexpensive to expensive, from soft to hard, and from red to yellow. These marathon shoes may have special features like wedges or exchangeable damping elements which visually underline the special quality of the shoes. Advertisements for running shoes in marathoner's magazines explain their products by using words such as "support", "rearfoot control", "cushioning", "shock distributor" and "heel stabilizer". One aspect of marathon shoes biomechanical design is the protection and /or the reduction of injuries. In other words, it is aspect of forces acting on the human body, and also the effects these forces produce in this system. The problems can be studied using theoretical techniques using mathematical models and some of these are discussed int below. A marathon shoe must fit not only overall length and ball width, but with respect to several other aspects such as the instep, arch, top lines, and heel and toe curve. A marathon shoes must fit your biomechanical needs very, very well. Match the support in the shoe as closely as possible to your pronation factor, or how much motion your feet experience when on the ground. Marathon shoes must fit your feet even better than the proverbial glove. They swell from the ramped-up circulation that accompanies continuous activity, and may actually spread out a bit as the 26 bones and dozens of tendons, ligaments and muscles in each foot adapt to several hours of pounding. Marathon shoes should be racing flats only if you think you can win. What makes no sense is to think that is significant when compared with how hard your shoes have to work during the last few miles to support your rapidly fading body. Lightweight shoes mean lightweight support. A large variety of elements which have various names, such as inserts, arch supports, arch cookies, orthotics, and orthoses, can be put into a shoes. The inserts for the sports shoe market consist of many different types of plastics and E.V.A(Ethylene Vinyl Acetate). Another type of insert is the built-in insert which is incorporated into or onto the sole of the shoe. This is a rather rare form of conventional shoe construction. Changes in midsole geometry and material are only one of various strategies which can be used to alter the properties of a running shoe. Heel counters, heel stabilizers, insoles, inserts, additional wedges, and different lasts are some additional strategies used in running shoe construction. Many of them are used in combination with others which may introduce additional problems in quantifying their effects. An athlete can use external elements to influence load and stress on his body. The two most important ones are the running shoe and the surface. On the other hand, he or she can use internal elements which anre muscles, tendons, ligaments, and so forth, and his or her running style. Careful exercise and control of these elements is an important factor in the attempt to reduce running injuries.
김기범,전용백 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1995 科學技術硏究 Vol.2 No.1
This research observed the movement of backfill according to wall displacement and earth pressure which occured by wall base failure in case of surcharge loading on rigid wall backfill. Analysed results upon those basis are as follows 1. By means of adding surcharge load, the pressure wall endures from the surface of the backfill to 42cm depth, decreased steeply, however, below that point, we could understand the pressure is residual. And the point of pressure application, through surcharge load displaced H/2 point, a little higher point than H/3 which is Coulomb's asumption during the course of base failure. 2. Allowing wall displacement, in the stage of short distance, the decrease of earth pressure shows steep curve as Keizo Ugai's theory shown the and after the minimum earth pressure, the pressure goes up slowly. And come to an state of revolve activity and the influence which affect earth pressure shows greater when the location of loading plate is closer to wall plate. 3. The limitation of the state of active at 0.01H∼0.05H of wall displacement quantity showed similar with -those of 0.01H∼0.04.
3點굽힘實驗에 依한 Single Edge Crack의 應力擴大係數 解析
崔鎔湜,鄭昌范 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1985 論文集 Vol.36 No.2
In case of K_I analysis of single edge crack under three point bending, unlike the case in pure bending, K_I is affected by S/ W, the ratio of the span and the height of the test specimen. Although many researchers, including Brown and Srawley, have performed the numerical analysis of K_I of the crack under three point bending, the attempts for the experimental analysis have been rarely made. Thus, this research dealt with the photoelastic experiments on the S.I.F. K_I and correction factor F of the single edge crack that existed in the beam under three point bending, in case of S/W=4 and S/W=8. And comparisons of K_I and F between S/W=4 and S/ W=8 were made by application of the constant moment in each case. Following conclusions were obtained from the experiments; 1) In case of S/W=4 and S/ W=8, S.I.F. K_I showed gradual increase as a/ W increased, but showed rapid increase for 0.5≤a/ W. 2) Correction factor F had its minimum value in the range of 0.1<a/W<0.2 for S/ W=4 and S/ W=8. And. F showed gradual increase for 0.2<a/W, but showed repid increase for 0.5<a/ W. 3) F for S/ W=8 showed greater value to the maximum of +6% than that for S/ W=4, therefore, K_I for S/ W=8 showed greater value to the maximum of +6% than that for S/ W=4. 4) Generally, as S/ W increased, the correction factor F also increased, causing the increase in the value of S.I.F. K_J.