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Temperature dependency of the fill factor in PV modules between 6 and 40 °C
Hongwei Qu,Xingcan Li 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.4
The definition of the fill factor(FF)and a more accurate formula were used to study the temperature dependency of FF. To investigate FF changes as a function of the temperature in the photovoltaic (PV) modules, we used an equivalent circuit diagram that considers series and parallel resistances. Using a measurement setup that allows precise temperature control of the PV modules, the parametersoc V , sc I , m V , m I were measured between 6 and 40 °C. Using the theoretical model, a formula for the FF temperature gradient,¶FF ¶t , could be found. The experimental results show that FF decreases with increasing temperature, and fitting the obtained data points results in a straight line. The FF has a negative temperature coefficient. Specifically, the obtained “defined value” for ¶FF ¶t is -0.00093 1/°C, while the theoretical value is -0.0015 1/°C.
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Lu Qingyu,Li Guoli,Lan Huangli,Yu Dongliang,Yin Xingcan,Yang Wenqi,Yang Zehao,He Chunhui,Mo Danmei,Xu Kaizun 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2
Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a widely used lepidopteran model insect. Pyriproxyfen is an insect growth regulator (IGR) that can be used to control pests such as lepidoptera and diptera, and there is no research about its in fluence on the intestinal bacterial diversity and immune signal pathway of non-target lepidopteran insect larvae. In this study, we treated fifth-instar silkworms with trace pyriproxyfen (10 − 4 mg/L). The results showed that the abundance and diversity of silkworm larvae intestinal flora at the level of phylum, class, order, family and genus were all changed. The function prediction result showed that the functional changes mainly focused on tran scription, amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, signal transduction mechanisms, energy production and conversion et al. after exposure to trace pyriproxyfen. Furthermore, qRTPCR results showed that trace pyriproxyfen exposure activated the transcriptions of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) genes regulated by Toll and IMD pathways. This research can lay the foundation for the study on the resistance of lepidopteran insects to pyriproxyfen and other juvenile hormone pesticides.
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